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1、SelectedReadingsinEnglishandAmericanLiterature THESUN Literature Literaturen 1 Thebodyofwrittenworksofalanguage period orculture 2 Imaginativeorcreativewriting especiallyofrecognizedartisticvalue Literaturemustbeananalysisofexperienceandasynthesisofthefindingsintoaunity 3 Theartoroccupationofalitera
2、rywriter 4 Thebodyofwrittenworkproducedbyscholarsorresearchersinagivenfield medicalliterature 5 Printedmaterial collectedalltheavailableliteratureonthesubject 6 Music Allthecompositionsofacertainkindorforaspecificinstrumentorensemble thesymphonicliterature EnjoyingPoetry Or 1 Voice SpeakerandTone2 I
3、mage3 FigurativeLanguage4 SymbolandAllegory5 Syntax6 SoundEffect7 Form8 Theme EnjoyingPoetry SuggestionsonReadingPoetry1 Readslowlyanddeliberately readaloud 2 Identifyspeaker subject situation tone 3 Payattentiontospeciallanguagephenom 4 Considertheformandhowitsstructureshapesitsthoughtandemotion 5
4、Testpoemagainstyourownexperience 6 Identifysocial culturalandmoralvalues Yourownvaluesinfluenceyourevaluation EnjoyingPoetry TheDefinitionofPoetryTypesofPoetry1 thenarrative Epic Romance Ballad民谣2 thelyric Elegy Epigram Sonnet悼念 讽刺ElementsofPoetry1 Images Imagery 意象群 2 FiguresofSpeech Simile Metapho
5、r Symbol Allegory Personification Hyperbole Metonymy Allusion Paradox寓言 拟人 夸张 借代 典故 矛盾3 SoundofPoetry Rhyme Rhythm Meter4 FormsofPoetry RhymingForms BlankVerse FreeVerse押韵诗 无韵诗 自由诗5 Theme themainidea Lecture1WilliamShakespeare WilliamShakespeare 1564 1616 1 HistoricalBackgroundA QueenElizabethI apow
6、erfulEnglandwiththefastdevelopmentofcapitalism WilliamShakespeare B Renaissance anintellectualmovementsprungfirstinItalyinthe14thcenturyandgraduallyspreadalloverEurope WilliamShakespeare Twofeatures athirstingcuriosityfortheclassicalliterature thehumanismmeansthenewfeelingofadmirationforhumanbeautya
7、ndhumanachievement WilliamShakespeare C ShakespearelivedinsuchaperiodandalsosuchaperiodmadehimthemostfamousandmostimportantEnglishwriter WilliamShakespeare 2 LifeandWorks Introductionofthegreatwriter slife A Hiscompleteworks 37plays2narrativepoems154sonnetsB mainlyfamousforhisgreatplays especiallyth
8、eoutstanding FourGreatTragedies Hamlet 哈姆雷特 KingLear 李尔王 Othello 奥赛罗 Macbeth 麦克白 1 BriefIntroductionWilliamShakespearewasthegreatestwriterofplayswhoeverlived Hisfriend fellowplaywrightBenJonsonsaidthatShakespearewas notofanagebutforalltime The18th centuryEnglishessayistSamuelJohnsondescribedhisworka
9、s themirroroflife The19th centuryEnglishpoetSamuelTaylorColeridgespokeof myriad mindedShakespeare The20th centuryEnglishdramatistGeorgeBernardShawstressedhis enormouspoweroverlanguage 2 HisLife CareerTheexactdateofShakespeare sbirthisnotknown buthisbaptismwasrecordedonApril26 1564 intheparishregiste
10、rofHolyTrinityChurchatStratford on Avon Sinceitwascustomarytobaptizeinfantswithintwoorthreedaysofbirth April23isregardedasareasonablebirthdate Itisalsothedateonwhichhediedin1616 Generally hisdramaticcareerisdividedinto4periods WilliamShakespeare 3 someotherfamousplays suchasRomeoandJuliet 罗密欧与朱丽叶 an
11、dtodaywe lllearnthemarvelousexcerptfromit meetingatbalcony 阳台相会 whichwe lltalkaboutalittlebitlater 4 LiteraryAchievements1 Characterization2 PlotConstruction3 Language Contributionstolanguage Effectsonliterature HisInfluence 1 ContributionstolanguageManywordsandcommonlyusedphraseshavebeenaddedtoever
12、ydayEnglishvocabularythroughtheirappearanceinShakespeare sworks 2 EffectsonliteratureShakespeare splays poetryhavehadapervasive persistent influenceonworldliterature Mostofthegreatliteraryfiguresoftheworldhavebeeninspired stimulatedbyhisachievement Onthewhole however Shakespeare scontributionhasbeen
13、tothelanguage spiritoflaterwritingratherthantoitsform References parallelstoShakespeare sphraseology diction haveoccurredinliteraturesincethe16thcentury PerhapsthegreatestinspirationtosubsequentauthorshasbeenShakespeare scapacitytodepict describe lifeinallitscomplexity toilluminate clarify man schar
14、acter destiny 5 HisMajorTheme1 Shakespeareisagainstreligiouspersecution racialdiscrimination againstsocialinequality thecorruptinginfluenceofgold money 2 Hewasahumanistofthetime acceptedtheRenaissanceviewsonliterature 6 HisLiteraryAchievements1 CharacterizationHismajorcharactersareneithermerelyindiv
15、idualonesnortypeones theyareindividualsrepresentingcertaintypes Eachcharacterhashisorherownpersonalities meanwhile theymaysharefeatureswithothers Thesoliloquiesinhisplaysfullyrevealtheinnerconflictofhischaracters Shakespearealsoportrayshischaractersinpairs Contrastsarefrequentlyusedtobringvividnesst
16、ohischaracters Thewomenintheplaysarevividcreations eachdifferingfromtheothers Shakespearewasfondofportraying mockingwenches suchasKateoftheTamingoftheShrew RosalineofLove sLabor sLost BeatriceofMuchAdoAboutNothing buthewasequallyadeptatcreatinggentle innocentwomen suchasOpheliainHamlet DesdemonainOthello CordeliainKingLear HisfemalecharactersalsoincludethetreacherousGoneril Regan theiron willedLadyMacbeth thewitty resourcefulPortia thetender loyalJuliet thealluringCleopatra 2 PlotConstructionSha
