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1、学 海 无 涯 Unit 1 4 Translate the sentences into Chinese 1 On university campuses in Europe mass socialist or communist movements gave rise to increasingly violent clashes between the establishment and the college students with their new and passionate commitment to freedom and justice with their and j
2、ustice 部分最好提前 即先说学生的状况 再说学生与当权者的 冲突 在欧洲的大学校园里 大学生以新的姿态和激情地投入到自由和正 义的事业中去 大规模的社会主义或共产主义运动引发了他们与当权 者之间日益升级的暴力冲突 2 These days political social and creative awakening seems to happen not because of college but in spiteof it Of course it s true that higher education is still important For example in the
3、UK Prime MinisterBlair was close to achieving his aim of getting 50 per cent of all under thirties into college by XXXX eventhough a cynic would say that this was to keep them off the unemployment statistics 现在 政治 社会和创造意识的觉醒似乎不是凭借大学的助力 而是 冲破其阻力才发生的 当然 一点不假 高等教育仍然重要 例如 在英国 布莱尔首相几乎实现了到XXXX 年让50 的30 岁以
4、下的人上 大学的目标 即使愤世嫉俗的人会说 这是要把他们排除在失业统 计数据之外 3 I never hoped to understand the nature of my generation or how 学 海 无 涯 American colleges are changing by going to Lit Theory classes This is the class where you look cool a bit sleepy from too many late nights and wearing a T shirt with some ironic comment
5、such as Been there done that and yes this IS the T shirt 第二句 的主句是强调句式 汉译应在句法上稍做变通 以求类似强调语义的 效果 a bit 以后的内容是进一步说明如何look cool 的 汉译可加破 折号表明关系 我从没指望通过上文学理论课来了解我这一代人的 特征 或了解美国大学是如何在变化的 这门课是让你在课堂上扮酷 的 带着一丝熬夜太多的困劲儿 穿着一件T 恤衫 上面印着 去 过那儿 干过那事儿 对 这就是那件T 恤衫 或诸如此类带有讥 讽意味的俏皮话 4 We re a generation that comes from
6、what has been called the short century 1914 1989 at the end of a century of war and revolution which changed civilizations overthrew repressive governments and left us with extraordinary opportunities and privilege more than any generation before 由which引导的从句比 较难处理 可以在at the end of the century of war
7、 and revolution 处拆句 前半部分讲 我们 所处的年代 后半部分讲这个世纪的特 点 我们这一代人来自所谓的短世纪 1914 1989 生于其末尾 这个世纪充满了战争和革命 它改变了人类文明 推翻了强权政府 给我们留下了非同寻常的机会和特权 我们所得到的机会与特权比从 前任何一代人都要多 5 Translate the sentences into English 1 政府采取的一系列措施不但没有化解矛盾 反倒激起更多的暴力冲 学 海 无 涯 突 反对党联合工会发动了一次大罢工 最终导致政府的垮台 give rise to form an alliance with launch
8、bring about Instead of resolving contradictions the series of measures taken by the government gave rise to more violent clashes The Opposition formed an alliance with the trade unions and launched a general strike which ultimately brought about the downfall of the government 2 如今 大学与现实世界的距离越来越小 学生也
9、变得越来越实际 从前 大学是一个象牙塔 学者追求的是学问本身而不是把学问作为 达到目的的手段 但这样的时代已经一去不复返了 shrink gone are the days a means to an end Nowadays the gap between the university and the real world is shrinking and the students are becoming more and more practical Gone are the days when the university was an ivory tower in which sch
10、olars pursued knowledge as an end rather than a means to an end 3 我从未指望靠上课来学好这门课 但我确实去听课 因为在课上我 能了解这门课的重点 学会如何组织材料 如何推理 hope by doing the place where I never hoped to learn the subject well by attending those lectures But I did go to lectures for it was the place where I could get the important poin
11、ts of the course and learn how to organize materials and how to reason 4 我一直想方设法解决这个难题 但就是找不到满意的答案 可是当 学 海 无 涯 我去厨房喝饮料的时候 我突然间灵机一动 意识到解决问题的方法 实际上可能很简单 work out click Although I have been trying every means to solve the problem I cannot work out a satisfactory solution But when I went to the kitchen
12、to get a drink something clicked and made me realize that the solution might be quite simple Unit 2 5 Translate the sentences into Chinese 1 Such motor mimicry as it is called is the original technical sense of the word empathy as it was first used in the 1920s by E B Titchener an American psycholog
13、ist Titchener s theory was that empathy stemmed from a sort of physical imitation of the distress of another which then evokes the same feelings in oneself 第一句 较复杂 应先弄清句子的主干 再根据各限定语的逻辑关系 按照汉 语的语序来译 这种所谓的运动神经模仿就是 同感 这个词于20 世纪20年代由美国心理学家E B 铁钦纳首次使用时的原始技术含义 铁钦纳的理论是 同感萌发自对他人痛苦的一种身体模仿 这种模仿 继而在自己心里引起同样的感受
14、 2 He sought a word that would be distinct from sympathy which can be felt for the general plight of another with no sharing whatever of what that other person is feeling Motor mimicry fades from toddlers repertoire at around two and a half years at which point they realize that someone else s pain
15、is different from their own and are better able to comfort them 第一句中 which 引导的定语从句 可译成两个分句 有必要重复 同情 一词 学 海 无 涯 第二句把主语 运动神经模仿行为 改作宾语 以小孩子作主语 使 译文前后主语一致 他当时在寻找一个与同情有所区别的词 同情 是针对他人的一般困境而发的 无须分担他人的任何感受 小孩两岁 半左右就渐渐不再有运动神经模仿行为 那时他们会意识到别人的痛 苦与自己的不同 会更有能力安慰别人 3 I also love the split second shocked expressio
16、n on the new people the hasty smiles and their best imitations of what they think of as their normal faces If they do the ritual well enough I turn my head ever so slightly and tuck my hair behind one of my ears whichever one s closer to them 注意split second of what they think ever so whichever 等的译法 尽量译得简短通顺 我 也喜欢生人脸上那瞬间的震惊表情 匆忙的微笑和他们竭力装出的 正 常脸色 如果他们这套仪式做得够好 我就会微微转过头 把头发 掖到离他们较近的那只耳朵后面 4 I mostly just read lips because it was easier to pick up than signing although that s not the only reason I wa
