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1、英语语法专业术语 音标版语法 grammar句法 syntax sintks词法 morphology m:fldi结构 structure层次 rank句子 sentence从句 clause词组 phrase词类 part of speech单词 word实词 notional word nunl虚词 structural word单纯词simple word派生词derivative dirivtiv,drivtiv复合词compound kmpaund,kmpaund词性part of speech名词 noun专有名词 proper noun普通名词 common noun可数名词
2、countable noun不可数名词 uncountable noun抽象名词 abstract noun bstrkt,bstrkt具体名词 concrete noun knkri:t物质名词 material noun集体名词 collective noun个体名词 individual noun介词 preposition prepzin连词 conjunction kndkn动词 verb主动词 main verb及物动词 transitive verb trnsitiv,trnstiv不及物动词 intransitive verb intrnsitiv,intrnstiv系动词 l
3、ink verb助动词 auxiliary verb :gziljri情态动词 modal verb规则动词 regular verb不规则动词 irregular verb短语动词 phrasal verb freizl,freizl限定动词 finite verb fainait非限定动词 infinite verb infinit,infnit使役动词 causative verb k:ztiv感官动词 verb of senses动态动词 event verb静态动词 state verb感叹词 exclamation .eksklmein形容词 adjective副词 adverb方
4、式副词 adverb of manner程度副词 adverb of degree时间副词 adverb of time地点副词 adverb of place修饰性副词 adjunct连接性副词 conjunct疑问副词interrogative adverb .intrgtiv关系副词 relative adverb代词 pronoun prunaun人称代词 personal pronoun物主代词 possessive pronoun pzesiv反身代词 reflexive pronoun rifleksiv相互代词 reciprocal pronoun risiprkl指示代词 d
5、emonstrative pronoun dimnstrtiv疑问代词 interrogative pronoun .intrgtiv关系代词 relative pronoun不定代词 indefinite pronoun indefinit,indefnit名词性物主代词 nominal possessive pronoun形容词性物主代词 adjectival possessive pronoun .diktaivl冠词 article定冠词 definite article definit,defnit不定冠词 indefinite article数词 numeral nju:mrl基数
6、词 cardinal numeral k:dinl,k:dnl序数词 ordinal numeral :dinl,:dnl分数词 fractional numeral frknl形式 form单数形式 singular form复数形式 plural form plurl,plurl限定动词 finite verb form fainait非限定动词 non-finite verb form nnfinit原形 base form从句 clause从属句 subordinate clause sb:dineit,sb:dn.eit,sb:dnit并列句 coordinate clause ku
7、:dneit,ku:dnit,ku:dneit名词从句 nominal clause nminl,nmnl定语从句 attributive clause tribjutiv,tribjtiv状语从句 adverbial clause dv:bil宾语从句 object clause主语从句 subject clause同位语从句 appositive clause pzitiv时间状语从句 adverbial clause of time地点状语从句 adverbial clause of place方式状语从句 adverbial clause of manner让步状语从句 adverbi
8、al clause of concession knsen原因状语从句 adverbial clause of cause结果状语从句 adverbial clause of result目的状语从句 adverbial clause of purpose条件状语从句 adverbial clause of condition真实条件状语从句 adverbial clause of real condition非真实条件状语从句 adverbial clause of unreal condition含蓄条件句 adverbial clause of implied condition错综条件
9、句 adverbial clause of mixed condition句子 sentence简单句 simple sentence并列句 compound sentence复合句 complex sentence并列复合句 compound complex sentence陈述句 declarative sentence diklrtiv疑问句 interrogative sentence .intrgtiv一般疑问句 general question特殊疑问句 special question选择疑问句 alternative question :lt:ntiv附加疑问句 tag que
10、stion反义疑问句 disjunctive question disdktiv修辞疑问句 rhetorical question ritrikl感叹疑问句 exclamatory question iksklm.tri,iksklm.turi存在句 existential sentence .egzistenl肯定句 positive sentence基本句型 basic sentence pattern否定句 negative sentence祈使句 imperative sentence impertiv省略句 elliptical sentence iliptikl感叹句 exclam
11、atory sentence iksklm.tri,iksklm.turi句子成分 members of sentences主语 subject谓语 predicate predikeit,predikit宾语 object双宾语 dual object dju:l直接宾语 direct object间接宾语 indirect object复合宾语 complex object同源宾语 cognate object kg.neit补语 complement kmplimnt,kmpl.ment,kmplmnt主补 subject complement宾补 object complement表语
12、 predicative pridi.ktiv,predi.keitiv定语 attribute tribju:t,tribju:t,tribjut,tr.bju:t同位语 appositive pzitiv状语 adverbial dv:bil句法关系syntactic relationship sintktik并列 coordinate ku:dneit,ku:dnit,ku:dneit从属 subordination sb.:dinein,sb.:dnein修饰 modification .mdifikein,.mdfkein前置修饰 pre-modification .mdifikei
13、n,.mdfkein后置修饰 post-modification .mdifikein,.mdfkein限制 restriction ristrikn双重限制 double-restriction非限制 non-restriction数 number单数形式 singular form复数形式 plural form规则形式 regular form不规则形式 irregular form格 case普通格 common case所有格 possessive case主格 nominative case宾格 objective case bdektiv性 gender dend阳性 masculine mskjulin,mskjlin阴性 feminine feminin,femnin通性 common中性 neuter nju:t人称 person第一人称 first person第二人称 second person第三人称 third person时态 tense过去将来时 past future tense过去将来进行时 past future continuous tense过去将来完成时 past future perfect tense一般现在时 present simple tense一般过去时 past si
