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1、 1 Section Grammar Writing 情态动词 阅读下列句子 体会黑体部分的用法 1 They could go anywhere they wished 2 We could see the sun setting behind the white pagoda 3 We shouldn t waste a drop of water 4 It may be true 5 He might have some fever 6 Since it is raining we have to stay indoors 7 We must learn English well 8 M
2、ust you listen to the loud music at night 情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度 但本身词义不完全 不能单 独作谓语动词 必须和动词原形连用 情态动词没有人称和数的变化 每一个情 态动词都有自己的具体含义和特点 1 can could 2 1 表示能力 此时 could 为过去式 He can use the computer skillfully now but he couldn t last year 他现在能熟练使用电脑了 但去年他不会 2 表示推测 用于否定句和疑问句 That can t be Mary She s in hospital
3、 那不可能是玛丽 她住院了 Someone is knocking at the door Who can it be 有人在敲门 可能是谁呢 3 表示许可和请求 could 用来表示 请求 时 是委婉的说法 回答时只用 can Could I have a look at your new iPhone 我可以看一看你的新苹果手机吗 Of course you can 当然可以 4 用作肯定句中 表示某人 某物一时的特点 可译为 有可能 有时会 Even experienced teachers can make mistakes 即使是有经验的教师也可能出错 名师点津 can 和 be a
4、ble to 的异同 1 can 表示能力 只用现在时和过去时 could 而 be able to 有各种时态 They will be able to tell you the news soon 他们很快就能告诉你那个消息了 2 表示成功地做了某事 只能用 was were able to 而不能用 could The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone was able to get out 大火在整个宾馆内蔓延开来 但每个人都成功逃出来了 2 may might 1 表示请求 许可 might 语气更委婉一些
5、 You may take my dictionary as long as you don t keep it too long 只要使用时间不太长 你可以把我的词典拿走 名师点津 如何回答 may 的问句 3 may 引导的疑问句 肯定回答用 Yes you may 否定回答用 No you mustn t No you can t No you had better not May I watch TV after supper 晚饭后我可以看电视吗 Yes you may No you mustn t 是的 可以 不可以 2 may 和 might 表示可能性不大的推测 但 may 比
6、 might 可能性大 常用于 肯定句和否定句 不能用于疑问句 常译为 有可能 may might not 意思是 可 能不会 Are you coming to Mary s party 你打算去参加玛丽的聚会吗 I m not sure I might may go to the concert instead 不能确定 我有可能去参加音乐会 They might be having a meeting but I m not sure 他们有可能在开会 不过我不确定 3 may might as well 动词原形 意为 不妨 If that is the case you might
7、as well try 如果事情是这样的 你不妨一试 3 must 1 表示必须 其否定形式为 mustn t 意为 不许 禁止 回答 must 的问句 时 常用 needn t don t have to 表示 不必 Your homework must be handed in before the class is over 你的作业必须在下课之前交上 The children have gone to bed You mustn t make any noise 孩子们已经睡了 你们不准吵闹 Must we hand in our exercise books now 我们现在必须要交
8、练习本吗 No you needn t don t have to 不 不必 2 表示推测 意为 肯定 一定 只用于肯定句中 4 Jane s light is on She must be at home She can t be out 简的房间里开着灯 她一定在家 不可能出去 3 表示 偏要 坚持要 常常表示与说话人愿望相反及不耐烦 If you must leave do it quietly 如果你一定要离开 那就悄悄地走 名师点津 must 和 have to 的异同 have to 含义与 must 相似 两者往往可以互换使用 但 must 与 have to 有下列 几点不同
9、1 must 表示说话人的主观看法 而 have to 则往往强调客观需要 2 must 一般用于一般现在时 have to 则有更多的时态形式 I have to wait here because I have no umbrella with me 我不得不在这儿等 因为我没带伞 Everyone must keep the law 人人都要守法 4 shall 1 用于第一 第三人称的疑问句中表示征求意见或请求指示 What shall we do this evening 今晚我们做什么 Manager someone is waiting for you Shall he come
10、 in 经理 有人在等你 他可以进来吗 2 用于第二 第三人称的陈述句表示说话人的意愿 有 命令 允诺 警告 威胁和允许 等意思 You shall have my answer tomorrow 你明天可以得到我的答复 允诺 You shall be sorry for it one day 总有一天你会对此后悔的 警告 5 should 1 表示义务 意为 应该 You should be polite to your teachers 5 你对你的老师应该有礼貌 2 表示推测 意为 想必一定 照说应该 They should be there by now I think 我想他们可能在
11、那儿了 3 表示惊异 意为 竟然 It s surprising that Tom should cheat in the exam 汤姆竟然在考试中作弊 真是不可思议 6 will would 1 表示意愿 用于各种人称的陈述句中 I will do anything for you 我愿为你做任何事 They would not let him in because he was poorly dressed 他们不让他进去 因为他衣着破旧 2 表示请求 用于疑问句中 would 语气更委婉 Will you please take a message for him 你能给他带个口信吗
12、Would you mind cleaning the window 请你把窗户擦一下 好吗 3 表示某种倾向或习惯 would 表示过去的习惯 The boy will sit there hour after hour looking at people going by 那个男孩常常坐在那里好几个钟头 看着人们走过 Every time she was in trouble she would go to him for help 每次遇到麻烦 她都会向他求助 名师点津 would 和 used to 的区别 1 would 表示过去习惯性的动作 不涉及现在的情况 Each time h
13、is mother s birthday came he would buy her a present 每次到他母亲生日的时候 他都要给她买一件礼物 2 used to 表示过去经常性或习惯性的动作或状态 现在已经不做了 He used to be late for school but now he is used to getting up early 6 他过去常常上学迟到 现在他已习惯早起 单句语法填空 1 It never occurred to me that she lie to me again 2 I think you like something to read so
14、I have brought you some books 3 I use your mobile phone for a call 4 Lisa hasn t lived here for long She not know many people 5 You can keep the book for a month After that you return it on time 6 Taking care of an elephant means that the keeper become part of the elephant family 7 I still remember
15、my happy childhood when my mother take me to Disneyland at weekends 8 Peter be really difficult to get along with at times even though he s a nice person in general 9 Where I pick you up at your office or at your house 10 You not play football in the street for it s too dangerous 答案 1 should 2 might
16、 may 3 Can May 4 can t 5 must 6 must should 7 would 8 can 9 shall 10 mustn t 单句改错 1 Could I borrow your book Yes Of course you could 2 You may be careful the traffic lights aren t working 导学号 98180027 3 It has been announced that students will remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected 4 You haven t eaten anything since morning so you can be hungry 7 5 The boy can speak three languages when he was 12 years old 答案 1 第二个 could can 2 may must 3 will shall 4 can must 5 can could
