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1、 have在中学英语里的用法 一Have基本用法和与其他词连用1，起佛定和疑问形式变化，在美国通用助动词do.在美国口语中常用have got代替have. Look,cant you see Ive got teeth ,too, I havent any jewelry. 2, have 和一些其他名词连用，表示; (1) 一种活动 We have no classes on Sunday .(上课) Theyre gong to have a volleyball match .（举行活动） Are we going to have a meeting this week? (开会 )
2、We are going to have a talk this afternoon.(听报告 ) (2)表示患病 I have got a headache. I have a bad cold. (3) 发生情况。 Ive got so many falls that Im black and blue all over。（跌跤） (4)表示生育。 The queen ant may have tens of thousands of babies in onesummer. 3和一与动词同形的名词连用，表示一个动词(have+a+由动词转化和名词) Are you going to ha
3、ve a swim. I have a long talk with the teacher. 4,have on sth 或 have sth on,表示“戴着” I noticed he had on bedroom slippers. At the ball Mathild had a diamond necklace on. 5,表示“吃”，“喝”。 I wanted to have a cup of tea and some eggs. Does she have lunch at home ? 6,组成复合结构既”have +宾语+宾语补足语“ （1）不加to 的动词不定式作宾语补
4、足语(have sb do sth),表示让，叫某人做某事。 The soldier had him stand with his back to his father. （注）：否定结构表示“不能让“活从未有人” （2）现在分词作宾语补足语(have sb sth doing),表示让某人做某事。 the two men had their lights buring all night long. (3) 过去分词作宾语补足语（have sb sth done）, 表示： （1） 使（让，请）别人做某事，表示的动作是别人做的. Emperor Qin Shi Huang had all t
5、he walls joinde up. he should have news clothes made of this splendid cloth for the coming great procession. （2） 遭遇到某事。 House near airports sometimes have their windows broken. Workers in some industries have hearing by the noise of the machine 二Have与 to 一起构成情态动词，表示“不得不”“必须”，可用于各种时态。 I have to look
6、after her at home. 三，have 做助动词与动词的过去分词一起构成现在完成时和过去完成时。 Great changes have taken place the last two years. They said that the Arab had stolen their camel. 四have 用于“情态动词+have +过去分词”的结构有推测，假设之意 1, must +have+过去分词，表示对过去时间发生的动作或存在的情况的推测，一般用于肯定句。 Her father thought that she must have met a fairy. You must
7、 have left your bag in the theatre. 2,can (could)+have+过去分词，表示对过去发生事情的“不肯定”，常用于否定句和疑问句。 He cant have been to your home, he doesnt know your address. 3,should+have+过去分词，表示“某事本该早做而实际未做，”用于肯定句。 You should have been here five minutes ago. 五，have 用于某些成语，表示固定的意思。 1，have a word (a few words ) with sb,表示和某人
8、説（几）句话。 Wheres Peter ? I want to have a word with him. 2, had better +不带 to 的动词不定式，表示“最好” Id better go and look for him now. 3, have nothing (something) to do with 表示“和无（有）“关系。 Most of questions had nothing to do with Edisons lesson. 状语从句难点透视 状语从句可分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、方式、让步、条件和比较状语从句，其中有些连词可引导多种状语从句，表达不
9、同的意义；也有某一从句可用多个连词引导，表达相同的意义，这就使得状语从句成为一大难点，下面就容易引起混淆的引导词作简要介绍。一、while while常表示“当的时候；然而；尽管”。如： The students were busy taking notes while they were listening to the lecture. The young mostly enjoy pop music while the old usually prefer classical. While there exists much unemployment in almost all citi
10、es, people with special skills are still in great demand. 注意：while 表示“尽管”时，相当于although / though / as，但while / although引导的让步状语从句不用倒装语序，though引导的状语从句可以倒装也可以不倒装，而as引导的状语从句则必须倒装。如： Though the bride is happy / Happy though the bride is, she will feel homesick at the beginning. Happy as the bride is, she
11、will feel homesick at the beginning. 二、until和till until和till都表示“直到”，常可互换，但till一般不用于句首，也不可用于强调句中。 1. until / till从句或短语与肯定的主句连用时，主句的谓语必须是延续性动词，表示主句的动作一直持续到until / till所表示的时间为止。如： You may stay here until the rain stops. Mr. Bush remained there till his brother arrived. 2. until / till从句或短语与否定的主句连用时，主句的
12、谓语必须是非延续性动词，表示“直到才”，即主句的动作到until / till所表示的时间才开始。如： David wont go to bed until / till his wife returns. Leo didnt come until he had gone over his lesson. 3. not until 位于句首时，主句须用倒装语序。如：Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted. 4. not until . 结构可用于强调句中。如： It was not until she
13、 came to see us that we knew her mother was ill in bed. 三、so that so that可以引导目的状语从句与结果状语从句。 1. 当表达的含义是“为了、以便”时，为目的状语从句，此时，从句的谓语部分通常带有情态动词；当表达“以至于、因此”时，为结果状语从句。如： If you do know, answer in a loud enough voice so that all the class may hear. (目的状语从句) It rained hard the day before yesterday, so that we
14、 had to stay at home. (结果状语从句)2. 当从句之前的so that可用in order that代替时，为目的状语从句；反之，为结果状语从句。如：We now study hard so that we may work well in the future. (= We now study hard in order that we may work well in the future.) (目的状语从句)名词性从句难点突破 一、that在宾语从句中不可省略的情况宾语从句的引导词that在口语中常常省略，但在下列情况中，that应保留。1. 当主、从句之间有时间等
15、状语时，that不能省略，否则会产生歧义。如： She said last night that she did some reading. She said last night she did some reading. (last night可理解为修饰said或did some reading，因此产生歧义)2. 主、从句之间有插入语时不可省去that。如： I dont doubt, in any case, that our school team will win the match.3. 引导两个或两个以上的宾语从句时，第二个以及第二个以后的宾语从句中的that不能省略。如： Maria promised that she would come and see him sometimes, and that she would never forget him.4. 如果宾语从句中含有主从复合句，that一般不省略。如： They promised me that if I worked hard from then on, they would buy me
