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1、第4讲 Robots 语法篇_1.掌握各个时态的被动语态的结构与用法；2.能够熟练运用被动语态解题造句。一. 含义与构成1. 被动语态表示句中的主语接受谓语动作，也就是说，主语是谓语动作的承受者。谓语动词用作被动语态的句子叫做被动句。2. 构成：be + 过去分词 (be有时可用become 或get代替), be随着主语的人称、数、时态和语气的不同而变化。3. 被动语态的各种时态形式有：一般时态：be + 过去分词现在过去将来过去将来is/ am/ are donewas/ were donewill/ shall be donewould/ should be doneEnglish is
2、 spoken in many countries. Romeo and Juliet was written by Shakespeare. Many believe that one day the earth will be destroyed if people do not learn to live in peace. 进行时态：be + being + 过去分词现在过去将来过去将来is/ am/ are being donewas/ were being donewill/ shall be being donewould/ should be being doneHis pla
3、n is being carried out successfully. The new curtains were being hung when the visitors showed up. The car will be being cleaned by my brother. 完成时态：have + been + 过去分词现在过去将来过去将来have/ has been donehad been donewill/ shall have been donewould/ should have been doneIve been robbed. The outcome of the e
4、lection was announced before all of the votes had been counted. Everything will have been done by the end of this month. 二. 用法1. 强调动作的承受者：Frank was hit by a car. A new idea has been suggested. 2. 说话者不知道动作的执行者，或者认为没有必要指出：This bridge was built in 1700. The house is being repaired. 3. 说话者希望所说的内容显得更加客观，
5、避免就一些自己不太肯定的事表态：此类通常为表示据说或相信 的词组，基本上由believe, consider, declare, expect, feel , report, say, see, suppose, think, understand等组成，如： It is said that据说；It is reported that 据报道；It is believed that大家相信；It is hoped that大家希望； It is well known that 众所周知 It is said that Japans industrial progress after the w
6、ar was very remarkable.1. (2015北京)Did you enjoy the party? Yes,we_ by our hosts. A.were treatedB.would be treatedC.treatedD.had treated 2. (2015重庆) In my hometown, there is always a harvest supper for the farmers after all the wheat_ cut. A. will have been B. will beC. WasD. has been 3. (2015天津) Des
7、pite the previous rounds of talks, no agreement_ so far by the two sides. A. has been reachedB. was reachedC. will reachD. will have reached 4. (2015四川) More expressways in Sichuan soon to promote the local economy. A. are being builtB. will be builtC. have been builtD. had been built 5. (2015福建) To
8、 my delight, I from hundreds of applicants to attend the opening ceremony. A. was chosen B. was being chosenC. would chooseD. had chosen 基础演练1. This coastal area _ a national wildlife reserve last year. A. was named B. named C. is named D. names2. The discovery of gold in Australia led thousands to
9、believe that a fortune _.A. is made B. would make C. was to be made D. had made3. The church tower which _ will be open to tourists soon. The work is almost finished. A. has restored B. has been restored C. is restoring D. is being restored 4. In the spoken English of some areas in the US, the “r” s
10、ounds at the end of the words _.A. are dropped B. drop C. are being dropped D. have dropped 5. It is reported that many a new house _ at present in the disaster area.A. are being built B. were being built C. was being built D. is being built 巩固提高6. Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen fo
11、r the money making jobs they _ before they leaving their hometowns.A. promised B. were promised C. have promised D. have been promised 7. Traditional folk arts of Tianjin like paper cutting _ at the culture show of the 2010 Shanghai World Expo.A. are exhibiting B. is exhibiting C. are being exhibiti
12、ng D. is being exhibiting8. Youve failed to do what you _ to and Im afraid the teacher will blame you.A. will expect B. will be expected C. expected D. were expected9. If city noises _ from increasing, people _ shout to be heard even at dinner. A. are not kept; will have to B. are not kept; have C.
13、do not keep; will have to D. do not keep; have to 10. The fifth generation computers, with artificial intelligence, are _and perfected now. A. developed B. have developed C. are being developed D. will have been developed 11. - _ the sports meet might be put off. - Yes，it all depends on the weather. A. Ive been told B. Ive told C. Im told D. I told 12. I need one more stamp before my collection _. A. has completed B. completes C. has been completed D. is co
