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1、Introduction Chapter1 UsesofComputerNetworks BusinessApplicationsHomeApplicationsMobileUsersSocialIssues BusinessApplicationsofNetworks Anetworkwithtwoclientsandoneserver BusinessApplicationsofNetworks 2 Theclient servermodelinvolvesrequestsandreplies HomeNetworkApplications Accesstoremoteinformatio
2、nPerson to personcommunicationInteractiveentertainmentElectroniccommerce HomeNetworkApplications 2 Inpeer to peersystemtherearenofixedclientsandservers HomeNetworkApplications 3 Someformsofe commerce MobileNetworkUsers Combinationsofwirelessnetworksandmobilecomputing NetworkHardware LocalAreaNetwork
3、sMetropolitanAreaNetworksWideAreaNetworksWirelessNetworksHomeNetworksInternetworks BroadcastNetworks TypesoftransmissiontechnologyBroadcastlinksPoint to pointlinks BroadcastNetworks 2 Classificationofinterconnectedprocessorsbyscale LocalAreaNetworks Twobroadcastnetworks a Bus b Ring MetropolitanArea
4、Networks AmetropolitanareanetworkbasedoncableTV WideAreaNetworks RelationbetweenhostsonLANsandthesubnet WideAreaNetworks 2 Astreamofpacketsfromsendertoreceiver WirelessNetworks Categoriesofwirelessnetworks SysteminterconnectionWirelessLANsWirelessWANs WirelessNetworks 2 a Bluetoothconfiguration b Wi
5、relessLAN WirelessNetworks 3 a Individualmobilecomputers b AflyingLAN HomeNetworkCategories Computers desktopPC PDA sharedperipheralsEntertainment TV DVD VCR camera stereo MP3 Telecomm telephone cellphone intercom fax Appliances microwave fridge clock furnace airco Telemetry utilitymeter burglaralar
6、m babycam NetworkSoftware ProtocolHierarchiesDesignIssuesfortheLayersConnection OrientedandConnectionlessServicesServicePrimitivesTheRelationshipofServicestoProtocols NetworkSoftwareProtocolHierarchies Layers protocols andinterfaces ProtocolHierarchies 2 Thephilosopher translator secretaryarchitectu
7、re ProtocolHierarchies 3 Exampleinformationflowsupportingvirtualcommunicationinlayer5 DesignIssuesfortheLayers AddressingErrorControlFlowControlMultiplexingRouting Connection OrientedandConnectionlessServices Sixdifferenttypesofservice ServicePrimitives Fiveserviceprimitivesforimplementingasimplecon
8、nection orientedservice ServicePrimitives 2 Packetssentinasimpleclient serverinteractiononaconnection orientednetwork ServicestoProtocolsRelationship Therelationshipbetweenaserviceandaprotocol ReferenceModels TheOSIReferenceModelTheTCP IPReferenceModelAComparisonofOSIandTCP IPACritiqueoftheOSIModela
9、ndProtocolsACritiqueoftheTCP IPReferenceModel ReferenceModels TheOSIreferencemodel ReferenceModels 2 TheTCP IPreferencemodel ReferenceModels 3 ProtocolsandnetworksintheTCP IPmodelinitially ComparingOSIandTCP IPModels ConceptscentraltotheOSImodelServicesInterfacesProtocols ACritiqueoftheOSIModelandPr
10、otocols WhyOSIdidnottakeovertheworldBadtimingBadtechnologyBadimplementationsBadpolitics BadTiming Theapocalypseofthetwoelephants ACritiqueoftheTCP IPReferenceModel Problems Service interface andprotocolnotdistinguishedNotageneralmodelHost to network layer notreallyalayerNomentionofphysicalanddatalin
11、klayersMinorprotocolsdeeplyentrenched hardtoreplace HybridModel Thehybridreferencemodeltobeusedinthisbook ExampleNetworks TheInternetConnection OrientedNetworks X 25 FrameRelay andATMEthernetWirelessLANs 802 11 TheARPANET a Structureofthetelephonesystem b Baran sproposeddistributedswitchingsystem Th
12、eARPANET 2 TheoriginalARPANETdesign TheARPANET 3 GrowthoftheARPANET a December1969 b July1970 c March1971 d April1972 e September1972 NSFNET TheNSFNETbackbonein1988 InternetUsage Traditionalapplications 1970 1990 E mailNewsRemoteloginFiletransfer ArchitectureoftheInternet OverviewoftheInternet ATMVi
13、rtualCircuits Avirtualcircuit ATMVirtualCircuits 2 AnATMcell TheATMReferenceModel TheATMreferencemodel TheATMReferenceModel 2 TheATMlayersandsublayersandtheirfunctions Ethernet ArchitectureoftheoriginalEthernet WirelessLANs a Wirelessnetworkingwithabasestation b Adhocnetworking WirelessLANs 2 Theran
14、geofasingleradiomaynotcovertheentiresystem WirelessLANs 3 Amulticell802 11network NetworkStandardization Who sWhointheTelecommunicationsWorldWho sWhointheInternationalStandardsWorldWho sWhointheInternetStandardsWorld ITU MainsectorsRadiocommunicationsTelecommunicationsStandardizationDevelopmentClassesofMembersNationalgovernmentsSectormembersAssociatemembersRegulatoryagencies IEEE802Standards The802workinggroups Theimportantonesaremarkedwith Theonesmarkedwith arehibernating Theonemarkedwith gaveup MetricUnits Theprincipalmetricprefixes
