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1、Unit2I llhelptocleanupthecityparks SectionAGrammarFocus 4c GrammarFocus 动词不定式 动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式 在句中不能作谓语 没有人称和数的变化 基本形式 to 动词原形 有时to可以省略 否定形式 not 动词不定式 动词不定式具有名词 形容词和副词的特征 因此可以在句中作主语 宾语 宾语补足语 定语和状语等 一 作宾语动词不定式 短语 可以放在一些动词后面用作宾语 能以动词不定式作宾语的动词有 begin want remember agree learn like decide fail pretend de
2、mand refuse等 例如 Iwanttotellyouastory Theybegintoworkateighteverymorning Don tforgettolockthedoor Wouldyouliketogoandhaveapicnicwithustomorrow 二 作宾语补足语动词不定式作宾语补足语 表示宾语所做的动作 可以用动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有 tell ask want like invite encourage help等 如 TheteacheraskedustoreadEnglishforhalfanhourinthemorning Theteache
3、roftentellsJimnottospendtoomuchtimeplayingcomputergames Pleaseletmehelpyou 但在let make see watch hear feel notice have等感官听觉动词或使役动词后面作宾语补足语的动词 其不定式一般要省略动词不定式符号 to 可以归纳为以下三种句式 1 不可以省略to的不定式作宾语补足语 tell ask want wouldlike wish suppose invite encourage teach dependon等 sb todosth 例如 Theteachertoldustocomee
4、arlier Iwantyoutogonow Herparentswishhertobeateacher 2 省 to 的不定式作宾语补足语 let make have sb dosth 例如 Letthegirlleaveherenow Theboymadethebabycry see watch hear notice feel sb dosth 例如 Isawthestudentsplaybasketballontheplaygroundyesterday Ioftenhearthegirlsinginthenextroom 3 可省可不省的 helpsb to dosth 例如 Iof
5、tenhelpmymother to dohousework 三 作状语 1 作目的状语 强调动词不定式所表示的目的时 动词不定式可用inorderto或soasto 动词原形 soasto不用于句首 例如 Hestoppedtohavearest Thebusstoppedsoastopickuppassengers 2 作结果状语 例如 Hewokeuponlytofindeverybodygone HisgrandmalivedtoseetheliberationofChina Heisoldenoughtogotoschool 3 在某些表示喜 怒 哀 乐等的形容词后作原因状语 例如
6、I mproudtohavetakenpartinthecompetitions I mhappytohavefoundmanythingsIcando 1 动词不定式的否定式是直接在to之前加not 如 Tellthemnottoplayfootballinthestreet 2 省略to的动词不定式的否定式是直接在动词前面加not 如 Lettheboynotgo 动词不定式的否定形式 1 Iwantto myplantoworkinananimalhospitaluntilnextsummer I mtoobusywithmystudiesthisyear 2 Shehopesto at
7、leastfiveprimaryschoolstoaskiftheyneedvolunteersfortheirafter schoolprograms putuphandoutcallupcheerupcomeupwithgiveoutputoff putoff callup 4a Fillintheblankswithphrasalverbsinthebox 3 Ourclassistryingto someideasto sickchildrenbecausetheyareoftensad 4 Wedecidedto signsaroundtheschooland noticestote
8、llstudentsaboutthebooksale Wewill themoneyfromthesaletohomelesspeople comeupwith cheerup putup handout giveout helpmovedomakevisitspend Mostpeopletodayareonlyworriedaboutgettinggoodjobs lotsofmoney Intheirfreetime theythinkaboutwhat forfun However fewpeoplethinkaboutwhattheycando others Therearemany
9、peoplewhoarelessluckythanus Volunteering todo tohelp tomake Fillintheblankswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinthebox 4b ourtimetohelpthesepeopleisagoodway ourfreetime Forexample wecanmakeplans sickchildreninthehospitalorraisemoneyforhomelesspeople Somepeopleevenstopdoingtheirjobsforafewmonthstoayear toa
10、notherplace likeoneofthecountriesinAfrica andhelppeoplethere tospend tovisit tomove Completethesentenceswithyourownideas Useinfinitives I dliketovolunteer At12 00a m Icalledmyfriend atthefoodbanktohelpthepoor toplaybasketballattheplayground 4c 3 I mverybusybutIcouldhelp 4 Summervacationiscoming andI
11、want 5 Iwanttotravelalone butmyparentstoldme not tolookaftermylittlesister togotothebeachwithmyfriends nottodoitalone 1 I dlike homelesspeople 2 Shedecided foravolunteerafter schoolreadingprogram 3 Youcouldaskhospitals youvisitthekidsandcheerthemup I 填空 tohelp totryout tolet Exercises 4 Mariobelieve
12、sitcanhelphim hisfuturedreamjob 5 Shevolunteersthereonceaweek kidslearn 6 I mmakingsomesigns aroundtheschool toget tohelp toread toputup Iwant become apolicemanoneday 2 Hewantsthestudents eat well 3 Theteachermadehisstudents come intothemeetingroomontime 4 Theboywasfree go whereheliked 5 Nobodytells
13、himwhat do next II 根据提示完成下列句子 tobecome toeat come togo todo III 根据汉语提示补全句子 1 你愿意帮忙打扫城市公园吗 Wouldyoulike thecityparks 2 莉莉 你能帮我洗碗吗 Couldyoupleasehelpme thedishes Lily 3 简没有想出解决这道数学题的好方法 Janedidn t agoodway thismathproblem tohelpcleanup comeupwith out towork towash 4 他们正计划去拉萨旅行 They re atriptoLhasa 5 我
14、们应该努力学习 将来为我们的祖国做贡献 Weshouldstudyhard amajorcommitmentforourcountryinthefuture planningtotake tomake IV 根据汉语提示完成下列句子 Wemustfindaperson 做这项工作 2 Inmyfamily mymotherisalwaysthefirstone 起床 3 Doyouhave 什么问题要问 4 Pleasetellme 怎样念这个词 todothework togetup anyquestionstoask howtosaythisword Ialwaystellmystuden
15、ts ontheroadbecauseit sreallydangerous A nottoplayB toplaynotC notplayingD notplay2 IwillgotoHarbinformysummervacation Whataboutyou Ihaven tdecidedwhere A goB wentC goingD togo V 单项选择 3 Ididn thearyoucomeinjustnow That sgood Wetried anynoise foryouweresleeping A notmakeB nottomakeC tomakeD making4 L
16、ucyisshy Shewouldnotinviteherclassmates dancingwithher A practiceB practicesC practicingD topractice 2019 益阳 hehastolistentotapeseveryday A TolearnEnglishwellB LearnEnglishwellC LearningEnglishwell缺少解析 中考链接 A 2019 湖南 Shewill thesilkdressandwearit A putawayB putupC puton 解析 句意 她将收拾好丝质衣服并且穿上它 A 收拾好 B 张贴 搭建 举起 留宿 C 穿上 表示动作 根据句意可知 表示 将衣服收好 故选A A 2019 辽宁 MycousinvolunteersintheChildren sHome Hisjobistofoodandclothes A selloutB workoutC handoutD findout 解析 句意 我表哥在 儿童之家 当义工 他的工作是分发食物和衣服 考查动词短语辨析 A 卖光 B
