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1、CulturalRelicsonTheirWayHome Culturalrelicsasremnantsofhistory areregardedasrecordsoftheriseandfallofanation ManyChineseculturalrelics whichhavebeenscatteredaroundtheworldoverthelastcentury havestartedtoreturnhometothecollectionsofChineseculturalinstitutions enterprisesandresidentsoverthepastdecade
2、Readingpractice1 ThiswaveofreturningartifactshasarousedissuesconcerningtheprotectionofChina sculturalheritageandthedevelopmentoftheantiquemarketinthecountry Thehotartmarkethascontributedtothecurrent tidalwave amongotherfactors saidKouQin assistantgeneralmanageroftheBeijing basedChinaGuardianAuctionC
3、o Morethan30percentoftheartworksappearingatthecompany sautumnauctionwerecollectedfromoverseas ThecomingGuardianauctioncouldn tbetakingplaceatabettertime TheChineseartmarketshowedsignsofheatingupagainafortnightago whenanalbumofflower and birdpaintingsbyChineseartistQiBaishi 1863 1957 hitacontroversia
4、llyhighpriceof16 61millionyuan US 2million Thepricewas10timestherecordpriceQi sworkfetchedinglobalartcirclesin1998 Theriseinthepriceofartworkinitshomecountry andtheforthcomingreturnofthecountry srelicsfromoverseashavebeenanaturalresultoftheeconomicboom saidZhangYongnian directorofthenon governmental
5、ChinaCulturalRelicsRecoveryFund ItoccurredinJapanandtheRepublicofKorea ROK whenJapaneseandKoreanartpiecesbegantoreturnfromoverseasinthe1980sand1990s Likeotherancientcivilizations Chinahasseenmanyculturalrelicstakenoverseaswhenthecountrywassubjectedtowarsandinternationalbullying saidZhang In1860 inva
6、dingBritishandFrencharmieslootedandburneddowntheOldSummerPalace whichwasknownthenasthe gardenofgardens In1900 theinvadingBritish American German French Russian Japanese ItalianandAustriantroopssparkedlootingthroughoutBeijing includingtheForbiddenCity theSummerPalace templesandmausoleums governmentof
7、ficesandresidentialhouses ItemshousedinBeijingfromtheYuanDynasty 1271 1368 todate fromhistoricalfilestonationaltreasures havebeensweptaway accordingtoofficialdocumentsfromtheQingDynasty 1644 1911 Ofthenumerousculturalrelicsthatweretakenoutofthecountryinthe100yearsaftertheFirstOpiumWar 1840 42 alarge
8、numberarenowstoredatmajorpublicmuseumsinEuropeandtheUnitedStates saidLinShuzhong aprofessorwiththeNanjingAcademyofArts Forinstance relicsfromtheOldSummerPalacehavebeenshowcasedintheBritishMuseumandtheFontainebleauArtMuseuminFrance Therelicsthathavereturnedmostlycomefromindividualcollectorsandprivate
9、museums saidZhang Zhangsaidtherearethreemajorwaysforacountrytorecoverculturalrelicsfromoverseascollections toapplyinternationalconventions topurchasethemandtogetthembackasdonations Difficulthomecoming SomeChineseexpertsarguethatthecountryshouldstopbuyingpilferedculturalrelicsandsimplyaskforthemtober
10、eturnedbyapplyinginternationalconventions ChinasignedtheUnitedNationsEducational ScientificandCulturalOrganization UNESCO ConventionontheMeansofProhibitingandPreventingtheIllicitImport ExportandTransferofOwnershipofCulturalPropertyin1970andtheInternationalInstitutefortheUnificationofPrivateLawConven
11、tiononStolenorIllegallyExportedCulturalObjectsin1995 Readingpractice2 Manysignatorycountries suchasChina EgyptandGreece hopetorecoverculturalobjectsstolenfromtheircountriesunderthoseconventions Butunfortunatelythecountrieswiththemostvaluableculturalrelicsfromothercountries especiallydevelopingones i
12、ncludingtheUnitedStatesandBritain havenotsignedthetwoconventions InternationalinstitutionshavemadeseveralmajordonationsandreturnedChineseculturalrelicstotheirhomesince1949 In1951and1954theLeningradUniversity theLeninLibraryandtheSovietUnionAcademyofSciencesopenedtheircollectionsandreturned64volumeso
13、fthe600 year oldYongleEncyclopediatotheChineseGovernment Chinahasalsoboughtculturalrelicsback saidZhang StatisticsprovidedbytheChineseSocietyofCulturalRelicsshowthatmorethan3 000culturalrelicscamefromoverseasin2002andweresoldinChina butnostatisticsweregivenonwhethertheystayedinthecountry Amongthemal
14、argepartwerebroughttotheChinesemarketbyauctioneers accordingtosociety Theshortageinrelicsuppliesspurredusontosearchoverseas saidKouQin Kousaidthatin1993and1994 thefirsttwoorthreeauctionhousesfoundedinBeijingsoldartworkswhichweremainlyconfiscatedfromhouseholdsduringthe culturalrevolution 1966 76 Theo
15、wnersoftherelicscouldn tbefoundaftertheturbulent10 yearperiod Someseniorcollectorsalsohadpiecesintheircollectionauctionedoffsothattheywouldbeabletomoveoutoftheirshabbyquartersintolargerandbetterhousesorapartments In1996 thenumberofauctionhousesinBeijingwasmorethan20 However artcollectorshavedeclined
16、tosellmorepiecesaftertheyhadmovedintolargerhouses Theadditionalcashtheyearnedfromauctionshadfoundnoidealchannelforinvestments Meanwhile State ownedantiqueshops amajorsupplierforauctioneers couldprovidelessandlessrealrelics Asthesupplyproblemsbecameapparent theauctioneershaveturnedtopartsofthecountrytheyhadneglected suchasEastChina sJiangsuandZhejiangprovincesandNorthwestChina sShaanxiProvince andalsotooverseas Reclaimingculturalrelicsfromoverseas CulturalrelicexpertsandNGOshavesetthewheelsinmoti
