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1、2017届高考英语二轮复习：名词怎么考 在高考中，语法填空和短文改错重点考查名词的单复数、不可数名词、名词与其他词类的词性转化、主谓一致等。.体验考向单句语法填空1.(2016全国卷1)Then, handle the most important tasks first so youll feel a real sense of (achieve)2.(2016全国卷3)Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, who lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influenced t
2、he (develop)of chopsticks.3.（2015卷2）Inadditiontotheirsimplebeauty,whatmakestheadobedwellings(土坯房）admirableistheir (able)to“aircondition”ahousewithoutusing electricequipment.4.(2016全国卷1)The nursery team switches him every few ( day) with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed, the other is
3、with mum-she never suspects.5. (2016四川卷) Any smell might attract natural _ (enemy) that would try to eat the little panda. 6.(2015湖南卷 )It is important to remember that success （be）a sum of small efforts made each day.单句改错1.（2014年全国卷1）The cherry tomatoes(圣女果) are small in size,but juicy and taste. 2.
4、 (2016全国卷1) The restaurantisalwayscrowdedwithcustomersatmealtimes.3.(2016全国卷2) If we go on a trip abroad, we can broaden our view and gain knowledges we cannot get from books.4. (2016全国卷3) The teenage year from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me. 5.(2015全国卷2)One day , little Tony went to a
5、 shopping center with his both parent.he turned around and found that his parents were missing. 6.(2011全国卷) When I finally arrived at my friend he lent me lots of clothes. II名词的考点归纳考点一 可数名词的数1.可数名词单数变复数的规则变化 规律例子一般情况下在名词后面直接+s，s在浊辅音后面读z，在清辅音后面读s。daydays， changechangesmembermembers，paintingpaintings
6、以s、z、ch、sh等结尾的单词+es,读iz。class-classes watch-watches box- boxes brush-brushes 以o结尾的词有生命的+es，读z。 口诀：黑人请英雄吃土豆、西红柿和芒果；无生命的+s，读s。有生命：negro-negroes黑人；hero-heroes；potato-potatoes；tomato-tomatoes；mango-mangoes无生命：photo-photos 相片；piano-pianos钢琴； radio-radios 以f、fe结尾的名词，变f、fe为v+es，读iz。 口诀：妻子持刀去宰狼，小偷吓得发了慌，躲在架后
7、保己命，半片树叶遮目光wife-wives(妻子); knife-knives（小刀）; wolf-wolves（狼）; thief-thieves（小偷）; shelf-shelves (架子)；life-lives（生命、生活）;leaf-leaves（树叶）; 以辅音字母加y 结尾的，把y 改为i，再加-es，读z；以元音字母加y 结尾的，直接加s，读s。辅音加y： study研究studies；enemy敌人enemies；difficulty困难difficulties元音加y： boy -boys toy- toys key- keys 2. 可数名词的不规则变化单复数同形shee
8、p绵羊deer鹿means手段cattle牛Chinese自身有特殊变化的名词child-children;man-men;woman-women;Tooth-teeth;foot-feet; mouse-mice;crisis危机-crises; medium-media媒介;criterion细菌-criteria,phenomenon现象-phenomena 合成词变复数passer bypassers by, son in law-sons in law, looker on-lookers-on, grown-upgrown-ups复数形式单数意义physics,politics,n
9、ews单数形式复数意义people; police; public集体名词(若视为整体，表示单数意义；若强调其个体成员，表示复数意义。)family(家庭;家人),team(队;队员),class(班;班级学生),audience(听众)只有复数形式，表示复数意义，谓语动词也用复数goods(货物), clothes(衣服)，trousers, glasses 温馨提示：以man, woman 修饰名词构成合成词变复数时时,两个词都变化. a woman teacher-women teachers；a man doctor-men doctors考点二 不可数名词（一）一般说来，抽象名词为不
10、可数名词eg: advice, knowledge, information,love, time, work(工作), luck, help, success, courage, progress, freedom, luggage, housework, homework, fun, weather, anger等（二）物质名词通常为不可数名词eg: water, air,tea, coffee, oil, soup, milk, rain, meat, hair, sugar （3） 抽象名词具体化后，有单复数的变化具有某种特性、状态、特点、情感、情绪的人或事，具体指特定的某一件事时，这
11、一抽象名词可作为可数名词。(1)difficulty困难；a difficulty一件难事(2)failure失败；a failure一位失败者，一件失败的事(3)knowledge知识；a good knowledge of丰富的知识(4)success成功；a success一位成功者，一件成功的事(5)surprise惊奇；a surprise一件令人吃惊的事(6)honour荣誉；an honour一位(件)带来荣誉的人或事 温馨提示：可数名词不可数名词可数名词不可数名词工作jobworklife生命（性命）生活（常作U）建议suggestionadviceexercise练习，眼操运
12、动采取措施take measurestake actionexperience经历经验考点三 名词与其他词类的词形变化名词后缀意义例词-age抽象名词后缀，表示行为、状态、结果或总称useusage用途shortshortage缺乏marrymarriage婚姻packpackage包裹-ance，-ence抽象名词后缀，表示性质、状态、行为、过程accept-acceptance接受performperformance表演existexistence存在occuroccurrence发生differdifference不同-ancy，-ency抽象名词后缀，表示性质和状态expectexpe
13、ctancy期待endtendency趋势，趋向emergentemergency紧急情况fluentfluency流利；流畅-dom表示状况或状态freefreedom自由wisewisdom智慧-er，-or表示“人，者”receivereceiver接受者，听筒carrycarrier携带者beginbeginner初学者directdirector主任operateoperator操作者-ian构成人称名词，表示“精通的人”techniquetechnician技术员,magic-magician魔术师-ness构成抽象名词happy-happiness, lazy-laziness,
14、 tired-tiredness-ication由动词变化而来的抽象名词，常义为“化”classifyclassification分类communicatecommunication交流-ics表示“学科”economiceconomics经济学-ion,-ation,-ition由动词构成的名词，表示行为的过程、结果、状况，意为“行为；状态”produceproduction生产solutesolution解决方法organizeorganization组织；机构constructconstruction建设describedescription描述directdirection方向hesitatehesitation犹豫competecompetition竞争-ist构成人称名词，表示“从事研究者；信仰主义者”specialspecialist专家pianopianist钢琴家-ity/ty抽象名词后缀，表示性质responsibleresponsibility责任similarsimilarity相似考点四 名词所有格名词所有格表示所属关系，表“.的”（一）
