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1、（浙江专版）2017高考英语二轮复习专题7阅读理解类型3科普知识讲练类型3| 科普知识考查要点方法技巧1.科学现象、概念、定义、类别等。2事物的性质、特点、原理、用途等。3事物或现象产生的原因、过程、演变。4相似事物间的异同。1.理清说明顺序：时间、空间、逻辑顺序。2把握文章结构：并列式、承接式、递进式、总分式。3认清说明方法：下定义、举事例、做比较、打比方等。(2016四川高考D)A warm drink of milk before bed has long been the best choice for those wanting a good nights sleep.But now
2、 a study has found it really does help people nod offif it is milked from a cow at night.Researchers have discovered that “night milk” contains more melatonin (褪黑激素)，which has been proven to help people feel sleepy and reduce anxiety.The study，by researchers from Seoul，South Korea，involved mice bein
3、g fed with dried milk powder made from cows milked both during the day and at night.Those given night milk，which contained 10 times the amount of melatonin，were less active and less anxious than those fed with the milk collected during daytime，according to the study published in The Journal of Medic
4、inal Food.Night milk quickened the start of sleep and caused the mice to sleep longer.While the effect of cows milk harvested at different time has not been tested on humans up to now，taking melatonin drugs has been suggested to those who are struggling to fall asleep at night.Previous studies have
5、also indicated that milk can be excellent for helping sleep because of the calcium content，which helps people to relax.Milk is also sugarfree and additivefree with nutritionists recommending skimmed milk as the best choice before bed as it is the least fattening.The more fat you take in before bedti
6、me，the greater burden you will put on your body at night.32According to the text，the mice fed with daytime milk Astarted sleep more easilyBwere more anxiousCwere less activeDwoke up later33Which of the following is true of melatonin according to the text?AIts been tested on mice for ten times.BIt ca
7、n make people more energetic.CIt exists in milk in great amount.DIts used in sleeping drugs.34What can be a suitable title for the text?ANight Milk and SleepBFat，Sugar and HealthCAn Experiment on MiceDMilk Drinking and Health35How does the author support the theme of the text?ABy giving examples.BBy
8、 stating arguments.CBy explaining statistical data.DBy providing research results.语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。长期以来，人们认为睡觉前喝一杯热牛奶，但研究表明，只有喝晚上挤的牛奶才真正有助于睡眠。这到底是什么原因呢？快来读文章吧！长难句解读：Those given night milk，which contained 10 times the amount of melatonin，were less active and less anxious than those fed with the milk col
9、lected during daytime，according to the study published in The Journal of Medicinal Food.分析：本句为复合句。given night milk为过去分词短语作定语修饰其前面的those；which引导的定语从句修饰先行词night milk；fed with the milk为过去分词作定语修饰其前的those；collected during daytime为过去分词短语作定语修饰其前的milk。翻译：由发表在药物食品杂志上的研究可知，饮用夜间挤出的牛奶的老鼠比那些饮用白天挤出的牛奶的老鼠更不活跃、更不焦虑
10、，在夜间取自奶牛的牛奶所含的褪黑激素是在白天取自奶牛的牛奶的十倍。32B细节理解题。由第四段中的信息Those given night milk .were less active and less anxious than those fed with the milk collected during daytime.可知，老鼠喝了白天挤的牛奶会更活跃，也更焦虑，故选B项。33D推理判断题。由第六段中的信息taking melatonin drugs has been suggested to those who are struggling to fall asleep at night
11、可知，褪黑激素被用于安眠药中，故选D项。34A标题归纳题。作者在第一段就点明了文章要论述的对象晚上挤的牛奶。在接下来的几段中，作者通过研究人员在老鼠身上做的实验论证了晚上挤出的牛奶与睡眠的关系，故选A项。35D推理判断题。文章的第二、三、四、五段都是讲研究人员的实验及其结果，所以作者是用研究人员的研究结果来支持论点的，故选D项。A(2016福建省五校统一考试)More than nine out of ten young people expose themselves to the blue light from smartphones before bed，causing problems
12、 with sleep.A new survey also shows more than 28 million people in the UK regularly get no more than seven hours sleep a night.Prof Richard Wiseman，who commissioned the YouGov poll described the findings as “extremely worrying”Of the 2，149 adults questioned，78% said they used electronic devices befo
13、re going to bed.This rose to 91% among the 18 to 24yearolds questioned in the survey.Getting less than seven hours sleep a night is below the recommended guidelines，and is associated with a range of problems，including an increased risk of weight gain，heart attacks，diabetes and cancer.“The blue light
14、 from these devices suppresses(压制) the production of the sleepinducing hormone melatonin，so its important to avoid them before bedtime，” said Prof Richard Wiseman，from the University of Hertfordshire.Everyone needs different amounts of sleep，but adults are generally thought to require a minimum of s
15、even to eight hours a night.Teenagers are recommended to get more，about nine hours.The proportion(比例)of people thought to be getting too little sleep had risen by a fifth since a “bedroom poll”conducted last year by the National Sleep Foundation.Last week revealed opticians were warning that the ove
16、ruse of smartphones may be increasing peoples risk of eye damage.Optician Andy Hepworth said，“Blue violet light is potentially harmful to the back of your eyes.” So over a long period of time it can damage your eyes.When youre looking at a smartphone，the light peaking out of that is blue violet.The news came
