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1、（讲练测）2017年高考英语二轮复习专题06阅读理解：词义猜测题（讲）（含解析）专题6 阅读理解：词义猜测题【构建知识体系】词义猜测题考点1 猜测词义题考点2猜测短语题考点3 猜测指代题考点4 猜测句意题2014-2016年全国高考卷本专题考查分布明细统计年份章节素材话题体裁考点分布主旨大意细节理解推理判断词义猜测2014第一节剑桥科技节的活动通知应用文1662旅鸽在美国逐渐减少直至灭绝的过程记叙文向驯兽师学习如何集中注意应对选择障碍议论文学者对濒危语种进行记录拯救记叙文第二节如何帮助孩子为未来职业做准备说明文信息匹配2015第一节关于伦敦运河博物馆每月专题讲座安排的海报应用文0951作者离开
2、寒冷的纽约去美国南部度假的感受记叙文介绍了在巴黎皮蓬杜艺术中心举办西班牙著名艺术家萨尔瓦多达利艺术展的情况记叙文法国咖啡馆在现代社会中彰显心理沟通的社会功能，产生了积极的意义。议论文第二节重建人际关系中的信任的意义与措施说明文信息匹配2016第一节主要介绍了四位著名的女性的基本情况。说明文1941主要介绍了社会上很多老年人搬到离子女近的地方居住的一种趋势，同时也建议老人们要做出适合自己的选择。说明文文章主要讲述了作者在一次运送造血干细胞途中的一段经历，表现了人们之间的友爱。记叙文主要介绍了沉默在不同文化背景下的不同含义。说明文第二节主要介绍了密码的设置方法和破解方法。说明文信息匹配2014-2
3、016年全国高考卷本专题考查分布明细统计年份章节素材话题体裁考点分布主旨大意细节理解推理判断词义猜测2014A以一个妻子的口吻讲述了发生在自己丈夫身上的故事。在丈夫丢失了自己所有东西后，陌生人无私的帮助使他们重拾了对他人的信任。记叙文1932B以1970年地球日为突破口，讲述了人类对于地球环境的认识由无知到保护。借专家之口讲述了美国40年来对环境保护做出的突出贡献。科普说明文C美国普遍存在的一种社会现象对于“aupair（住家保姆） from China”。透过现象揭示了本质“Learing Chinese is becoming in Amercia”，暗示中国雄狮已经苏醒。社会文化类D地铁
4、提示信息，包括时间、价格、失物招领等，同时也提到了老年人和残疾人需要注意的问题广告应用类2015A我的彩电给我带来的头疼事：花的钱比广告上的多，而且机子是过时的，质量也有问题，最后只能花钱修。记叙文1581B减肥除了少吃之外，还和房间有关系：房子要明亮；勇冷色系会减少食欲；放一些舒缓的音乐就餐；用校的碗碟科普说明文C越来越多即将上大学的学生选择“间隔年”。有人认为是好事，因为经过一年的锻炼，学生将会变得更加成熟、更有责任感。但也有人指出这种做法存在弊端，有些学生会因为负担不起大学学费而被迫利用这一年去打工。社会现象议论类D从价格到参观的内容介绍了四个英国的旅游胜地。广告应用类比2016A主要介
5、绍了几个广告的具体内容，涉及音乐、喜剧表演和歌曲等活动的具体安排，如时间、地点等。应用文1932B主要讲述了作者在上课的时候通过让学生们拼装玩具，从而发现并鼓励学生们的创造性思维的故事。记叙文C主要介绍了网站BookC建立的目的以及它是如何促进人们分享图书的。说明文D主要介绍了Frank用图片使一次失败的南极航海活动重新进入人们的视野，让人们能够了解这次航海的许多信息。记叙文2016年全国高考III卷本专题考查分布明细统计年份章节素材话题体裁考点分布主旨大意细节理解推理判断词义猜测2016A本文通过广告的形式介绍了几家举行音乐演出的剧场的信息。应用文11022B文章通过作家Welty一次与朋友
6、在外面吃饭的经历，讲述了小说中的人物大多都是来自现实生活。记叙文C介绍了苹果节的一些情况。说明文D讨论了新闻传播的规则，以及读者喜欢分享什么样的文章。议论文【考纲解读】考试大纲要求考纲解读要求考生阅读4篇短文，从每题所给的4个选项中选出最佳选项。题材广泛，包括科普、社会、文化、政治、经济等多方面内容。体裁多样，以记叙文、议论文、说明文为主。考查主旨大意、细节理解、推理判断、词义猜测、篇章结构等题型。主旨大意题包括精确归纳标题、概括文章大意和总结段落大意，主要考查考生能否分辨主题和细节，是否具备提纲挈领的能力，也就是能否在理解全文的基础上运用概括、判断、归纳、推理等逻辑方法对文章进行高度概括和总
7、结，做这类题目时要高瞻远瞩，不可以以偏概全。【剖析全国高考真题】预测高考命题方向 2016全国卷 CI am Peter Hodes, a volunteer stem cell courier. Since March 2012, Ive done 89 tripsof those, 51 have been abroad. I have 42 hours to carry stem cells(干细胞) in my little box because Ive got two ice packs and thats how long they last. In all, from the
8、time the stem cells are harvested from a donor(捐献者) to the time they can be implanted in the patient, weve got 72 hours at most. So I am always conscious of time. I had one trip last year where I was caught by a hurricane in America. I picked up the stem cells in Providence, Rhode Island, and was me
9、ant to fly to Washington then back to London. But when I arrived at the checkin desk at Providence, the lady on the desk said: “Well, Im really sorry, Ive got some bad news for youthere are no fights from Washington.” So I took my box and put it on the desk and I said：“In this box are some stem cell
10、s that are urgently needed for a patientplease, please, youve got to get me back to the United Kingdom.” She just dropped everything. She arranged for a flight on a small plane to be held for me, rerouted(改道) me through Newark and got me back to the UK even earlier than originally scheduled. For thi
11、s courier job, youre consciously aware that in that box youve got something that is potentially going to save somebodys life.29. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “courier” in Paragraph 1?AProvider. BDelivery man. CCollector. DMedical doctor. 2016全国卷 BFive years ago, when I taug
12、ht art at a school in Seattle, I used Tinkertoys as a test at the beginning of a term to find out something about my students. I put a small set of Tinkertoys in front of each student, and said：“Make something out of the Tinkertoys. You have 45 minutes todayand 45 minutes each day for the rest of th
13、e week.”A few students hesitated to start. They waited to see what the rest of the class would do. Several others checked the instructions and made something according to one of the model plans provided. Another group built something out of their own imaginations. Once I had a boy who worked experim
14、entally with Tinkertoys in his free time. His constructions filled a shelf in the art classroom and a good part of his bedroom at home. I was delighted at the presence of such a student. Here was an exceptionally creative mind at work. His presence meant that I had an unexpected teaching assistant i
15、n class whose creativity would infect(感染) other students. Encouraging this kind of thinking has a downside. I ran the risk of losing those students who had a different style of thinking. Without fail one would declare, “But Im just not creative.”“Do you dream at night when youre asleep？”“Oh, sure.”“So tell me one of your mos
