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1、一 定语从句的功用和结构在复合句中 修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句 被定语从句修饰的词叫做先行词 定语从句必须放在先行词之后 引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词和关系副词 例如 Thisisthepresentthathegavemeformybirthday Doyouknoweverybodywhocametotheparty IstillrememberthenightwhenIfirstcametothevillage ThisistheplacewhereChairmanMaooncelived 定语从句 指物 thatwhich指人 who 主 宾格 thatwhom 宾格 关系
2、代词 1 who指人 作主语或宾语 作宾语可省略 Theman who Italkedwithisourteacher 作宾语 2 Apersonwhostealsthingsiscalledathief 作主语 2 whom指人 作宾语 作宾语可省略 如介词提前则不能省 Theman whom who ItalkedtoisMr Li ThemantowhomItalkedisMr Li 1 Themanisourteacher Italkedwiththeman 宾语 1 ThemanisMr Li Italkedtohim 3 that可指人也可指物 作主语或宾语 作宾语可省略 介词不能
3、放在that前面 1 Thephotosareonthedesk Itookthemonmytrip 宾语 ThephotosthatItookonmytripareonthedesk 2 Thephotosareonthedesk Thephotos Itookonmytripareonthedesk Thephotosinterestmemost 主语 Thephotosthatinterestmemostareonthedesk 4 which指物 作主语或宾语 作宾语可省略 如介词提前则不能省 2 Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear 3 T
4、heTVset which heboughtyesterdayismadeinJapan Isthisthelibrary which youborrowbooksfrom Isthisthelibraryfromwhichyouborrowbooks 1 Isthisthelibrary youborrowbooksfromthelibrary 介词不能放在that前面 Isthisthelibrary that youborrowbooksfrom Isthisthelibraryfromthatyouborrowbooks theredthegreenthesmallthebig The
5、applewhich thatissmallisred Theapplewhich thatisbigisgreen Theapplewhich thatisredissmall Theapplewhich thatisgreenisbig 1 Thescientistisveryfamousintheworld Wemetheryesterday Thescientist wemetyesterdayisverywhofamousintheworld whomthat 2 Thedressisnew Sheiswearingit Thedressthatsheiswearingisnew w
6、hich 3 Heisthekindperson Ihaveeverworkedwithhim 4 Thisisthebestfilm Ihaveeverseenthisfilm HeisthekindpersonthatIhaveeverworkedwhowith whom ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen 5 whose是代词的所有格形式 它既可以代人也可以代物 Pleaseshowmethebook whosecoverisred Isawawoman whosebagwasstolen 1 Isawawoman Herbagwasstolen 2 P
7、leaseshowmethebook Itscoverisred 把两句合成一句方法如下 1 定主句2 找准先行词 3 确定关系词4 去掉与关系词重复的词 从句放在先行词后 有些情况下只用关系词that 而不宜用which1 从句所修饰的词又被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时Thisisthemostinterestingstory that Ihaveeverheard Thefirstmeeting that wewilltakepartinwillbeheldintheafternoon 2 先行词是all something nothing anything等不定代词时Hereissomet
8、hing that Iwilltellyou 3 先行词既有人也有物时 只能用thatIcanrememberwellthepersonsandsomepictures that Isee 定语从句中需注意事项 4 先行词是oneof theone 或用little much few no all some any theonly thevery thesame thelast作修饰时Isittheonethatyouwant Ihaven tgotmuchthatIcanofferyou 5 当主句已有疑问词who或which时 用thatWhoisthewomanthatwaspraise
9、datthemeeting 6 先行词被thesame theonly thevery thefirst thelast等词修饰时 Thisistheveryhousethatwearelookingfor BeijingwasthefirstcitythatIhadvisited 1 oneof 可数名词复数 引导的定语从句中 谓语动词应用复数 Heisoneofthestudentswhostudyveryhardatschool 2 oneof 可数名词复数 前有the only或theonly修饰 定语从句中的谓语动词用单数 Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswho
10、studiesveryhardatschool 关系代词在定语从句中作主语时 从句的谓语动词的人称和数须和先行词一致 单项选择 1 Thisisthejob theylaughedat A whichB asC itD who2 BeihaiParkisabeautifulpark builtabout300yearsago A wherewasB thatwereC whichwasD where3 Whowasthegrey hairedman atyesterday smeeting A wesawhimB wesawC wesawwhoD shewasseen4 Theman ispa
11、intingthehouseismyuncle A heB whomC whoseD who5 Whatistheanimal babyissleepinginitspocket A whoB whoseC itsD which A C B D B 6 Thisbookisforthestudents nativelanguageisn tEnglish A thatB ofwhomC whoseD who s7 Therobbersshouted Handsup I llshootanyone moves A whomB whatC whoD whose8 Thedictionary hep
12、aid50yuanforisveryuseful A whichB forwhichC onwhichD aboutwhich9Theboy parentsdiedtwoyearsagoliveswithhisgrandpanow A whoseB whoC hisD 10 Theman issmokingisabusdriver A whomB whoC whichD what C C A A B 1 Doestheteacherknoweverybody plantedthetrees Yes hedoes A whichB whoseC whereD who 2 Theletter Ir
13、eceivedfromhimyesterdayisveryimportant A whoB whereC whatD that 3 Whereisthescientist gaveusthetalkyesterday HehasgonebacktoQinghuaUniversity A whomB whoC whoseD which 4 Ihatepeople talkmuchbutdolittle A whoseB whomC whichD who D D D B 5 IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek Isthatthereason youhadafewdaysoff A whyB WhenC whatD where 6 Thisisthebestway hasbeenusedagainstpollution A whereB whyC whichD that 7 Theresultoftheexperimentwasverygood wehadn texpected 预料 A whenB ThatC whichD it 8 Hesaid theman hadrobbedthebankhadlonghair A who whoB who thatC that whoD that which C C A D
