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1、Chapter 1 Introduction, Measurement, Estimating第一章：引言，测量，估算water flow: 水流constant: 常数，保持不变的conservation of energy: 能量守恒course grade: 课程成绩reference book: 参考书specialized vocabulary: 专业词汇estimate: 估计classical mechanics: 经典力学relativity: 相对论quantum mechanics: 量子力学ideal model: 理想模型main factor: 主要因素approxi
2、mation: 近似precision: 精度mass point: 质点translational motion: 平动rigid body: 刚体rotational motion: 转动uncertainty: 不确定度significant figures: 有效数字unit: 单位SI: 国际单位制mass: 质量prefix: 前缀dimensional analysis: 量纲分析order of magnitude: 数量级gravitational constant: 引力常数Chapter 2 Kinematics in one-Dimension第二章：一维运动学one
3、dimension: 一维mechanics: 力学kinematics: 运动学dynamics: 动力学reference frame: 参考系orbit: 轨道coordinate system: 坐标系specify: 详细说明rectangular coordinate system: 直角坐标系axis: 坐标轴position: 位置motional equation: 运动方程displacement: 位移distance traveled: 路程average speed: 平均速率average velocity: 平均速度time elapsed: 经过时间period
4、: 周期circular motion: 圆周运动instantaneous velocity: 瞬时速度infinitesimal: 微元time interval: 时间间隔derivative: 导数，微商with respect to: 相对于changing rate: 变化率integral/integration: 积分acceleration: 加速度free fall motion: 自由落体运动analyze: 分析simple harmonic motion: 简谐振动origin: 原点initial time: 初始时间initial conditions: 初始条件
5、diver: 跳水运动员vertical: 竖直的differential equation: 微分方程separation of variables: 分离变量Chapter 3 Kinematics in More Dimensions; Vectors第三章：多维运动学，矢量more dimensions: 多维vector: 矢量，向量scalar: 标量magnitude: 大小，模direction: 方向force: 力momentum: 动量torque: 力矩vector algebra: 矢量代数diagram: 图unit vector: 单位矢量addition: 加法
6、subtraction: 减法scalar product: 标量积，点乘，内积vector product: 矢量积，叉乘right-hand rule: 右手定则position vector: 位置矢量path equation: 轨道方程projectile motion: 抛体运动parabola: 抛物线ellipse: 椭圆component: 分量superposition principle: 叠加原理uniform circular motion: 匀速圆周运动horizontal: 水平的strategy: 策略slingshot: 弹弓range: 射程cannonba
7、ll: 炮弹maximum: 最大minimum: 最小angular coordinate: 角坐标angular velocity: 角速度angular acceleration: 角加速度frequency: 频率tangent: 相切，正切nonuniform circular motion: 非匀速圆周运动tangential acceleration: 切向加速度centripetal/radial/normal acceleration: 向心/径向/法向 加速度perpendicular: 垂直curved: 弯曲的relative motion: 相对运动Galilean
8、transformations: 伽利略变换relative to: 相对于relative velocity: 相对速度subscript: 下标30 north by west: 北偏西30Chapter 4 & 5 Dynamics: Newtons Laws and Its Application第四、五章：动力学：牛顿定律及其应用Newtons laws: 牛顿定律mathematician: 数学家physicist: 物理学家work: 功angular momentum: 角动量spring scale: 弹簧秤idealized experiment: 理想实验，思想实验fr
9、iction: 摩擦net force: 合力inertia: 惯性tendency: 倾向inertial reference frame: 惯性系noninertial reference frame: 非惯性系distinguish: 区分，判别hold: 有效mass: 质量weight: 重量，重力proportional to: 正比于inversely proportional to: 反比于acting on: 作用于acted by: 被作用limitation: 限制条件macro world: 宏观世界exert: 施加，作用reaction: 反作用normal for
10、ce: 法向力contact force: 接触力weight loss: 失重elevator: 电梯kinetic friction: 动摩擦static friction: 静摩擦coefficient: 系数materiel: 材料smoothness: 光滑程度lubrication: 润滑identify: 确定，识别free-body diagram: 隔离体受力图convenient: 方便的formula: 公式rope: 绳子hang: 悬挂uniformly distributed: 均匀分布的catenary: 悬链线literature: 文献pulley: 滑轮ai
11、r friction: 空气阻力centripetal/radial force: 向心力/径向力tension: 张力conical pendulum: 圆锥摆hoop: 圆环highway: 公路banked: 倾斜的skating: 溜冰bowl: 碗track: 轨道slide: 滑semi-circular：半圆的plane: 平面velocity-dependent: 和速度相关的*Chapter 6 Gravitation and Newtons synthesis*第六章：万有引力及牛顿的演绎（自学）Chapter 7 Work and Energy第七章：功和能量altern
12、ative description of dynamics: 动力学的其他表述方式significance: 意义，重要性conserved: 守恒的varying force: 变力line integral: 线积分conservative force: 保守力nonconservative force: 非保守力path independent: 与路径无关calorie: 卡路里fat: 脂肪stretch: 拉长unstretched: 未变形的spring: 弹簧kinetic energy: 动能translational kinetic energy: 平动动能work-ene
13、rgy principle: 功能原理elliptical motion: 椭圆运动effective mass: 等效质量，有效质量mechanical energy: 机械能heat / thermal energy: 热能，内能electromagnetic energy: 电磁能chemical energy: 化学能nuclear energy: 核能fission: 核裂变fusion: 核聚变chain reaction: 链式反应nuclear bomb: 核弹shock wave: 冲击波radiation: 辐射 ray: 伽马射线neutron: 中子Chapter 8
14、Conservation of Energy第八章：能量守恒loop integration: 环路积分closed path：闭合路径elastic force: 弹性力potential energy: 势能associated with: 和关联configuration: 形状，结构release: 释放capacity: 能力arbitrary: 任意的interaction system: 作用系统partial derivative: 偏导数system of particles: 质点系internal force: 内力external force: 外力principle of conservation of mechanical energy: 机械能守恒定律frictionless: 无摩擦的skier: 滑雪运动员sphere: 球dissipative: 耗散的transform: 转换transfer: 转移compress: 压缩center of mass: 质心attraction force: 吸引力launch: 发射satellite: 卫星cosmic velocity: 宇宙速度escape velocity: 逃逸速度bound state: 束缚态unbound state: 非束缚态bl
