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1、Introduction TheSilkRoadreferstotheancienttraderouteconnectingAsiaContinentandEuropeanContinent usuallyitcanbeclassifiedintoNorthernSilkRoadontheland SouthernSilkRoadonthelandandtheSilkRoadonthesea Introduction TheNorthernSilkRoadonthelandusuallyreferstotheroutesstartfromChang an nowXi an travelling
2、westtoWuwei passingthoughHexiCorridortoDunhuangandgowesttoEurope Introduction TheSouthernSilkRoadonthelandusuallyreferstotheroutestartsfromSichuanProvinceandgosouthtoIndiaandBurma ThisroadhasalsoplayedagreatroleinthewarbetweenChinaandJapan Introduction TheSilkRoadontheseamainlystartedfromGuangzhou Q
3、uanzhou Dengzhou Yangzhou andMingzhouports thenitgoeseasttoKorea Japan southtoEast southerncountriesandwesttoEuropeandAfrica TheNorthernSilkRoadonthelandisthemostfamous andWeknowitverywell Beginning It sveryhardtosayexactlywhentheSilkRoadstarted Manyincoherentsmallscaletraderouteshaveexistedlongago
4、TheycanbeconsideredastheearliestSilkRoadbeginningform 7 OriginatingfromChang an thepresent dayXi an theroutetraversedShanxiProvince thehexicorridorinGansuprovince theTarimBasininXingjing thePamirmountainregion Afghanistan Iran IraqandSyria endingatMediterranean THESILKROADHanDynasty TheSilkRoadforma
5、llystartedafterZhangQian svisitingasanenvoytoWesternRegioninWesternHanDynasty Hewenttheretwiceseparatelyin138B Cand119B C HeplaysanimportantroleinexploringtheSilkRoad 9 164BC 114BC Anexplorer traveleranddiplomatinHandynasty WhysentZhangQian 10 11 TheancientSilkRoadinnorthwestChinahasahistoryofmoreth
6、antwothousandyears Originally theChinesetradedsilkinternallywithintheempire Caravans旅行队fromtheempire sinteriorwouldcarrysilktothewesternedgesoftheregion TheywereoftenattackedbythesmallCentralAsiantribeswhowantedtocapturethetraders valuablecommodities TrailBlazerofTHESILKROAD 12 TheexpansionoftheHane
7、mpiremadetheSilkroadpossiblebyopeninguptraderoutes Inordertoprotectthesecaravansandassurethesafetyofthetrade theHanGovernmentdispatchedGeneralZhangQianasanenvoytobuildgoodrelationshipswiththesetribes TrailBlazerofTHESILKROAD ZhangQianwassenttomakeanalliancewiththeHuns whichwasneversuccessful Hedidho
8、weverlearnaboutcropssuchasgrapes amorepowerfulhorseforcombat andestablishedtraderelationships ThefatheroftheSilkRoad ZhangQian fatherofSilkRoad 14 THESILKROADHanDynasty StartingfromChang an today sXi an whichwasthecapitaloftheWesternHanDynasty ZhangledhisteamacrossthevastWesternRegionsandreachedLoul
9、an GuiziandYutianstatesandestablishedtraderelationswiththesesmallkingdoms THESILKROADHanDynasty AfterZhangQian BanChaotookonamissiontotheWesternRegion smoothingtheSilkRoadthathadbeenblockedbyexternalwars HisassistantGanYingreachedDaqin ancientRome andevenwenttoPersianGulf extendedtheSilkRoad 16 THES
10、ILKROAD Loulan GuiziandYutianwerethreeimportantstatesintheWesternRegionatthattime Theywereallabandonedforuncertainreasonsandtravelerstodaycanseeruinsofthesethreeonceflourishingplaces 17 THESILKROAD Zhang sofficerswentevenfurtherintothecentralAsia AllofthekingdomsthatZhangandhisteamhadvisitedsentthei
11、renvoystovisitChang an today sXi an toexpresstheirappreciationforthenewrelationshipandshowtheirrespecttotheHanGovernment 18 THESILKROAD Fromthenon merchantscouldtravelonthesilkroutesafely andtheybegantoexplorethisnewrouteinordertocarrysilkfromChinatootherpartsoftheworld Silkwasavaluabletradegoodbeca
12、useitwasacloththatwasstrong warm light andsoft ItwasvaluablebecauseatthetimeonlytheChineseknewhowtomakeit UnderHanrulerevealingthesilkmakingprocesswaspunishablebydeath Silkasatradegood WhatdidtheSilkRoadfunctioninthepast 20 Traderoute AbridagethatlinkedAncientChinatotheoutsideworld TheSilkRoadwasone
13、ofthereasonstheHandynastyprosperedwithanetworkofsmallertraderoutesthatstretchedmorethanfourthousandmiles TheRomanempiredominatedtheMediterranean butthesilkroadconnectedbothpowerfulempiresandlinkedthepeopleoftheeastandthewestforoverathousandyears TheSilkRoad Whenpeopleofotherculturelearnedaboutsilk i
14、twasahighlyprizedmaterial Theromanwantedsilkanditwasconsideredluxuryitem TheRomantradedglasswareandgoldsomethingtheChinesereallywanted Rometradesglasswareforsilk TangDynasty TheTangDynastygovernmentpaidmoreattentiontotheSilkRoad UnliketheSilkRoadinHanDynasty TangDynastyhadcontroloversomeareasofWeste
15、rnRegionandCentralAsiaalongtheroad establishingeffectiveandsturdyorders whichclearedobstaclesforChinesebusinessmen 24 THESILKROAD ThefamousChineseMonkXuanzanginTangDynastytraveledalongtheSilkRoadduringtheTangDynasty 25 THESILKROAD ThefamousChineseMonkXuanzanginTangDynastytraveledalongtheSilkRoadduri
16、ngtheTangDynasty XuanzangbeganhistripfromChang an today sXi an andpassedthroughtheGanSuCorridor HaMi TurPanandcontinuedhisjourneywestwardtoIndia Xuanzangwassurprisedbythewarmreceptionhereceivedalonghisway 26 THESILKROAD Itwascommonlybelievedthatpeopleinthosestateswerebrutal wildanduncontrollable Xuangzang stripchangedtheattitudetowardthenomadictribesintheWesternRegionandthiscontributedgreatlytotheTanggovernment sfriendlyrelationshipwiththesestates TangDynasty AfterAnShiRebellioninTangDynasty the
