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1、专题二十八 绽放思维之花 结出创新之果新题型任务型读写（安徽）【考点定位】 2011考纲解读和近几年考点分布安徽2009年高考英语命题最大的变化就是取消了短文改错，增加任务型阅读，词汇要求提高至3000个左右。任务型阅读的题型结构为一篇300词左右的短文和表格，要求考生对文中的有效信息进行筛选、整合和综合概括，然后准确、有序地完成表格的空缺(根据说明，一空只填一词)。这不仅要求考生有较好的语篇理解能力，同时还必须具有获取有效信息、把握文章整体结构的能力。而且在填写过程中，考生还必须具备较扎实的词法和句法知识，因为所填写的单词不仅要准确表达意思，还必须在词性和词形上与上下文的句子结构保持一致或匹
2、配。根据图表的呈现形式分为：1组织结构式；2网络式；3射线式。任务型阅读的出现不仅有利于考查学生把握文章的篇章结构、综合处理信息的能力，体现出了新课改增加客观表达题的努力，同时对英语教学和高考复了极高的要求。【考点pk】 名师考点透析任务型读写题要有以下特点:1、篇幅较长阅读性量大阅读材料和表格的总词数约540个，阅读量明显长于完形填空题，总词数略低于阅读理解题D篇设有10个小题，共10分，标准完成时间是15分钟。2、其题型是短文加表格，有两种表格形式，一是结构图表，二是方框图表。要求考生根据540词左右的短文所提供的信息用恰当的词语完成与短文相关的表格，每空一词，单词一般能在文中找到。参考时
3、间为15分钟。其特点是考察考生对文中有效信息进行二次加工，归纳要点、整合零散信息，并根据表格的形式把加工后的信息准确、有序地表达出来。3体裁多样，结构典型任务型阅读的文章可能涉及记叙文、议论文、说明文和应用文等各种体裁，结构也是比较明显的三段式，如记叙文是按照开端经过结果;人物传记一般是按照生平成就评价;说明文的结构分为引引言正文一结束语;议论文是通过论点论据结论展开，文章脉络都比较清晰尽管话题很广泛，但考虑到任务型阅读的命题特点，其所关注的题材多集中在文化教育、科学技术、饮食健康和生活哲理上。以议论文、说明文形式出现的概率较大。4归纳转换，形式多样所填单词的各种信息均来源于短文，按照信息的特
4、点可分为两人类:一类为显性信息，即使用短文中某个现成的单词或词组进行词性或词形的转换;另一类为隐性信息，即需要用另外的单词去概括信息，这此信息隐藏在某个语句、语台片段或整个短文中，需要归纳综合才能得到。解题规律跟思路略读 整合结构，熟悉图表 精读 捕捉信息 提炼加工 整合 归纳概括 表述信息第一步：读懂短文主要意思了解文章大意是解题的第一环，也是关键的一步。只有读懂了文章，才能顺利地在表格中填出相关的信息。值得注意的是：如果表格前提供了小标题，要特别注意小标题，它通常是段落和表格的主题句。读懂了标题有助于理解短文和表格的大意和结构。第二步：理清短文主体结构了解短文的写作思路和线索结构，有助于加
5、深对篇章内容的理解，同时短文的结构往往也是很重要的命题线索表格项目基本上就是根据篇章结构而设计的。第三步：分析完表格后细读文章，确定答案。仔细阅读文章，寻找相关信息及关键词。学会推理判断，力争返回原文，找出文章哪一部分与题目相关，抓住关键词语，以此为线索，在文中找出词、句、句群来满足问题要求。1）掌握归纳技巧。有时表格中（尤其最上栏、最左栏）需要学生概括相应栏内的内容，这就要求学生学会使用一些概括性词语。常用归纳概括性词汇有：aims，purposes，reasons，causes，results，effects，advice，suggestions，opinions，topics，backg
6、round，introduction，advantages，disadvantages，attitudes，features，phenomena(phenomenon)，tips，characteristics(character)，personality，data，name，sex，conclusion等。有时不仅需要记清楚这些概括性词汇，还要熟练掌握该词汇的常用搭配，以便迅速锁定最佳词语。如比较an introduction of something，instructions for something，measures to something和knowledge about somet
7、hing 后，考生们可以根据不同的介词的使用，快速辨清到底应使用这几个相近名词中的哪一个。2）巧妙运用转换。有时原文中的词汇不能直接用来填入空格，要求学生用相应词组替代转换。这就需要考生们平时多积累英语词汇，学会用英语解释英语，多查英英词典，巧用同义词、反义词、前缀、后缀、常用句型、词语搭配等。4检查答案。主要检查字数是否符合要求，所填内容与原文意思是否保持通顺一致，句意是否连贯，是否符合语法规则等。总之，只要考生注意平时多做任务型阅读的题目，多总结各种表格的特点，注意常用词汇的积累，做题时细心并适时随机应变，完全可以游刃有余地应对任务型阅读这种新题型。【三年高考】 08、09、10 高考试题
8、及其解析2010高考英语试题（2010高考安徽卷）任务型读写（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，根据所读内容在表格中的空白处填入恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填一个单词。When difficult people express themselves orally, they generally want at least two things: theyve been heard and theyve been understand. As a good communicator should be a good listener, five steps are advocat
9、ed toward good listening.The first step is cooperating（合作）. How does a difficult person know that youre listening and understanding? In fact, its through the way you look and should while he is talking. You may help him to fully express his thoughts and feelings. You do this by nodding your head in
10、agreement, making certain sounds of understanding.When the person begins to repeat whats been said, its signal of step two: turning back. It means that you repeat back some words he is using, sending a clear signal that youre listening carefully and that you think what he is saying is important.Havi
11、ng heard what he has to say, the next step is clarifying. At this point, you start to gather information about what is being communicated. Ask some open-ended questions, which will allow you to figure out what intention he is hoping to satisfy.The fourth step is to summarize（概括）what youve heard. Thi
12、s allows you to make sure that both you and the difficult person are on the same page. When you do this, two things happen. First, if youve shown that youre making an effort to understand completely. This increases the possibility of gaining cooperation from him.Having listened carefully, youve now
13、arrived at the point of confirming with the person that he feels that his thoughts have been fully voiced. Ask if he feels understood.When enough sincere listening, questioning, and remembering are brought together, understanding is usually achieved and a difficult person becomes less difficult and
14、more cooperative.Topic(76) to understandReasonDifficult people hope they have been heard and(77) when they express themselves.(78)on listening(79) in agreement and make some sounds of understanding while a difficult person is speaking.Repeat some(80) that you have heard.Collect information about the
15、 persons expressions and find his(81) .Give a(82) of what the person has said.Confirm that the person gains(83) from speaking his thoughts.ResultA difficult person will be(84) to cooperate with if understanding is achieved.CommentYou may unlock the doors to difficult peoples(85) after you listen and understand2009高考英语试题（09安徽卷）第一节任务型读写（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，根据所读内容在表格中的空白处填入恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填一个单词。Many people need guidance in choosing a career （职业）. Fortunately, there is much information on the Web about job opportunities （机会）. With all the information available, its not sur
