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1、芫湖一中2020届新高三基础检测英语试卷注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动， 用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3. 考试结束后，只需要上交答题卡即可。第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试
2、卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AHere are some great people and their achievements.Mary Anderson windscreen wiperBack on a freezing winters day in 1902,Mary Andersonwas travelling by train through New York Ci
3、ty. Snow was falling, forcing the driver to stop repeatedly and get out to clear it. Each time the door opened, Mary suffered a gust of sub-zero air. She had anidea: why not make some kind of a rubber blade that could be operated from inside the vehicle? And thats exactly what she did.Josephine Coch
4、rane dishwasherThedishwasher dates back even earlier to the 19th century, and to the dinner parties thrown by a lady called Josephine Cochrane. As a frequent host, she wanted a machine that could wash dishes faster than people. Her response was to develop what was to become the first commercially su
5、ccessful dishwasher. Interestingly, innovation wasin her blood: her grandfather had invented the steamboat.Stephanie Kwolek KevlarKevlar is the lightweight fibre used inbulletproof vests. The material is used by millions every day and has saved countless lives. The super tough fabric is also used in
6、 objects ranging from gloves to airplanes. Incredibly, its strength-to-weight ratio(比强度) is five times higher than steel. Again, it was invented by a woman, the American chemistStephanie Kwolek, in 1964.Grace Hopper first compiler(编译程序)One of the most important inventions of the 20th century must su
7、rely be the computer programme. The world of programming is unbalanced in terms of gender. Men vastly outnumber women, and take home around 30% more pay than their female counterparts on average. But back in the 1940s and 1950s, women were at the forefront of this new field. Grace Hopper is credited
8、 with inventing the first compiler in 1952, which serves as the bridge between code and the binary(二进制的) ones and zeros understood by computers.1. What do the inventions mentioned in the passage have in common?A. Their inventors are all females.B. They were all invented in the 19th century.C. They w
9、ere invented for the convenience of the inventors.D. They were the most important inventions at their times.2. What do we know about Josephine Cochrane?A. She invented the dishwasher as well as the steamboat.B. She was greatly inspired by her grandfather.C. It troubled her a lot to wash dishes after
10、 parties.D. She invented the dishwasher at the request of her guests.3. What can be inferred from the passage?A. Windscreen wipers came out earlier than dishwashers.B. Mary Andersons invention saved countless drivers lives.C. Grace Hopper is a pioneer in computer programme.D. Kevlar is five times li
11、ghter than steel.【答案】1. A 2. C 3. C【解析】这是一篇应用文。本文介绍了四位伟大女性以及她们的发明创造。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据原文中前两个人物She had an idea和 she wanted a machine that could wash dishes faster than people.以及第三个人物 Again, it was invented by a woman, the American chemist Stephanie Kwolek, in 1964.第四个人物But back in the 1940s and 1950s, wo
12、men were at the forefront of this new field. Grace Hopper is credited with inventing the first compiler in 1952,中she、woman、women可知，本文四位伟大的人物的共同点是都是女性。故选A。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据原文The dishwasher dates back even earlier to the 19th century, and to the dinner parties thrown by a lady called Josephine Cochrane.
13、As a frequent host, she wanted a machine that could wash dishes faster than people.可知，Josephine Cochrane发明洗碗机是因为她经常举行宴会，每次聚会后她都要清洗一堆餐盘，这让她很烦恼，她希望有一台快速清洗盘子的机器。故选C。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段Grace Hopper is credited with inventing the first compiler in 1952, which serves as the bridge between code and the bina
14、ry(二进制的) ones and zeros understood by computers.可知，Grace Hopper发明了第一个编译程序，故可推知对电脑编程来说她是一个先驱人物。故选C。BMy six-year-old son, Stephen, was in front of the TV and smiled. His favorite show was about to begin-a Phoenix Suns basketball game.“Ladies and gentlemen, the announcers voice was heard, “here is your
15、 starting lineup (首发阵容).” The arena (球场) darkened and the lights flashed when the players ran into the court to sing their team song. Stephen clapped and danced around. My wife Lorrie and I laughed. Stephen had been performing this for months. “One day Im going to take you to a game, son,” I promise
16、d.About a year later, the construction company where I worked finished a project for a Suns player. One afternoon my boss called me. “The player has two extra tickets for tonights game! Just pick them up at my office,” he said. I picked up the tickets, but felt a little disappointed when I looked at the clock. Even if I had had a helicopter, we would never have go
