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1、题型八书面表达)书面表达能较全面地反映学生所掌握的语法知识、词汇知识、遣词造句水平和英语思维水平。考查学生运用语言、表达思想、传递信息、描述事物的能力，考查重点是表达的有效性，兼顾准确性。书面表达可遵循以下三原则：1.文章结构三段论，表明你懂得文章结构；2.字数以上限为准，证明你书写能力很强；3.书写要规范美观，表明你书写训练有素。具体可分为以下四步：一、认真审题，明确要求审题时，根据所给信息，确定文体、时态、人称，同时，细读所给提示信息，明确文章内容。二、抓住要点，草拟提纲 通过审题，弄清文章的主题之后，学生应考虑文章的内容要点，组织语言材料。根据题目提示或说明，按事件发生的时间顺序、空间顺
2、序或事理重要性顺序，先选取典型的、易于表达的材料作为自己的重点，列出提纲。列提纲时应注意以下几点：1书写要规范；2遇到想不起来的词或句型时，尽量找同义词、近义词或同义句型来代替。三、依纲据点，扩展成文依据提纲写作，注意把题目要求的内容无一遗漏地写进去，确保内容的完整性。同时，对于与要求无关的内容切忌任意发挥，画蛇添足。学生应注意以下几点：1尽量运用最基本的词汇或句型，写自己最熟悉、最有把握的句子。2尽量多用简单句，少用复合句；多用短句，少用长句。注意语言准确，符合英语语言习惯，尽量避免汉语式的英语。3注意上下文的衔接。根据意思需要，句子之间可加上必要的连接词或过渡词。如：and，but，how
3、ever，meanwhile，to begin with等常见连接词的使用，可以使文章结构紧凑、衔接自如。四、通读全文，查漏补缺短文写完之后，学生应从题目要求对全文进行检查和修改。经过反复修改和润色，使文章句子流畅，布局严谨。对于文章的修饰，学生可从以下几方面着手：1用词方面：(1)代词的格和指代关系是否用得正确；(2)名词的单复数是否正确；(3)形容词的比较级和最高级用得是否正确；(4)副词的位置是否合适；(5)动词的搭配是否准确。2句子方面：(1)句型结构是否完整；(2)主谓、人称是否一致；(3)时态、语态、语气是否正确；(4)连句的方法是否恰当。3段落方面：(1)段落主题句是否概括本段的
4、中心思想；(2)扩展句是否都围绕这一主题，有无多余的句子；(3)句子之间是否连贯；(4)段落层次是否分明，是否合乎逻辑。4篇章方面：(1)文章主题是否合理自然；(2)段落之间过渡是否合理；(3)文章的文体及所用的组织方法是否恰当；(4)文章内容是否充实，有无遗漏。向他人表达善意并帮助他人体现了一个人良好的品格。当你向别人表达善意并给他人提供帮助时，你希望得到回报(repay)吗？针对这一话题，九年级六班的同学们展开了辩论。假设你是正方或反方的一员，请围绕你的观点，结合自己的亲身经历，说出2至3条理由来说服同学们(只需选择一方观点表达即可)。要求：1.词数不少于80词； 2文章的开头已给出，不计
5、入总词数；3文中不得出现真实的人名、校名。When I show kindness and help to others, I _【审题指导】细读所给文字，可以提取以下信息：1文章要求就“当别人向你表达善意并给他人提供帮助时，你是否希望得到回报”进行论述，文体为议论文；2谈论自己的观点用第一人称；3回忆之前的事情用一般过去时，谈论自己的观点用一般现在时；4词数不少于80词，文章开头以给出，不计入总词数。5不得出现真实的人名、校名。【高分范文】When_I_show_kindness_and_help_others，I never expect them to repay me.On the o
6、ne hand，helping others gives me a strong feeling of being needed and brings me happiness.On the other hand，everyone may get into trouble and need help，too.Several days ago，while I was having a walk in the park，I found a little boy crying.Then I asked him what the matter was，and he told me he couldnt
7、 find his mom.Luckily，he remembered his mothers phone number.So I called her immediately.Ten minutes later，the boy saw his mom and became excited.His mom was so thankful that she wanted to buy me a small gift，but I refused.At that time，I felt quite happy because I did something really good.All in al
8、l，the world needs love and we should be ready to help others without expecting any repay.If you wanted repay，a “Thanks” would be enough.【范文点评】文章首句开门见山，直切主题；文章第二段通过一则事例阐释自己的观点，增强了文章的说服力；文章末端提纲挈领，使得文章前后呼应，有始有终。【评分说明】本题总分为15分，根据内容要点，按所写篇章的语法结构和语汇运用的数量，篇章的准确性、连贯性及得体性，分五个档次给分，三分为一档。注：词数少于80词的从总分中扣去1分；如书写
9、较差，以致影响理解的，可扣去1分。Passage 1(2016，抚顺)对于全国积极推广的“足球进校园”活动，你班的同学可能有各自不同的观点。请根据下面的提示写一篇短文，并谈谈你的看法。内容提示：Some studentsSome studentsMy opinions1.make.healthier and stronger1.get in the way of.2.make.rich and colorful2.be dangerous3.have a chance to.3.be hard to.要求：语言准确，行文连贯，层次清晰，书写规范。文中不得出现真实姓名、校名。作文应包括上述所有相
10、关信息并可适当发挥。文章的开头已给出，不计入总词数。Different students have different opinions for the activity “Soccer Enters School”. Some students in my class think this activity is good for them.It can make them healthier and stronger.It also makes their spare time rich and colorful.Especially for some students, they may
11、 have a chance to become professional soccer players.Other students think this activity will waste their time and get in the way of their study. Sometimes its dangerous. They may get hurt while playing soccer. Whats more, its hard to become a professional soccer player.In my opinion, I think this ac
12、tivity is good for us. It will make more students love soccer.Passage 2(2014，山西)学习方法、自我反思、合作交流、同伴互评是学习过程中几个重要的方面。其中，有效的学习方法能使你的学习境界大开，让学习成为一种享受。在你初中三年的学习过程中，你一定会有一些好的学习方法与你的同伴分享，请按以下要求写一篇短文，内容须包含以下要点。your good learning method(s)an experience you helped your partnersyour thoughts and feelings要求：1.词数8
13、0词左右，提示词仅供参考；2文中不得出现真实的人名、校名；3请将答案写在答题卡相应的位置上。One possible version：Good learners must have good ways.Discussing in a group really helps me have a better understanding of what Ive learned.It broadens our mind and give us more chances to express our thoughts.Shy and nervous，my classmates Jeff used to
14、hide himself behind books.Answering questions in public was quite a difficult job for him.Once our math teacher asked us to solve a difficult problem，I encouraged him to write his idea with us and we found his way was so creative.Then we advised him to write his answer on the blackboard and explain
15、his way to us.Believe it or not，he did it and we saw his great improvement after that.Discussing in a group not only makes me enjoy the happiness of being a good learner but also deepens the friendship between Jeff and me.Knowledge comes from communicating and questioning.By discussing，we learn more wisely and better.Passage 3学生综合素质评价的方式多种多样，同伴互评是其中较为有效
