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1、宾语补足语讲解与练习1. 宾语补足语是补充宾语的成分,通常置于宾语之后。结构：V+O+OC/ with+O+OC2. 可以用作宾补的有名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、现在分词和过去分词。3. 能带宾补的动词一定是及物动词。4. 主动语态句子中的宾语在被动语态句子中是主语，相应的宾补就成为主补。 由“宾语+名词”构成的复合宾语只用在某些及物动词后面，常见的有make, call, elect, choose, name, consider等。e.g. She named _ _ _. 她给她女儿取名为爱丽斯。 They choose Mr Brown _. 他们选布郎先生当经理。注意：
2、名词(如:manager,chairman, president, king, director, monitor, captain, professor等)若表示正式的或独一无二的头衔，职位，前不用冠词。 T or F ? They have made me a chairman. ( ) They have made me chairman. ( ) 由“宾语+形容词”常见在如下动词后：make, keep, leave, find, believe, think, consider, prove, paint等。e.g. You should keep your room _ _ _.
3、你应该保持你房间干净整洁。They painted _ _ _. 他们把房子漆成粉色。 固定句型：及物动词+it+形容词或名词(作宾补)+真正的宾语(不定式，v.-ing形式或从句)You find _ a great pleasure talking to her. 你会发现和她谈话很愉快。I felt _ _ _ to report to the police. 我觉得向警察报告这件事是我的义务。注意：能在复合宾语中先用形式宾语it,然后再用真正宾语的动词常见的有：think, feel, find, make, consider等。 宾语接不带to的不定式作宾补，常有五类动词：一感：fe
4、el 、 二听：hear, listen to 、 三让：make, let, have 五看：see, look at, observe, watch,notice半帮助：help （后面的不定式to可带可不带）。 而在使役动词get后的宾补是不定式时，必须加to。e.g. Nobody noticed him _ the room. 没有人注意到他进了房间。 I couldnt get the car _. 我无法使汽车发动。 She often helps her mother_ housework. 她经常帮助她妈妈做家务。 拓展：这些词后所接的宾补可以是现在分词形式(表动作正在进行)
5、,也可以是不带to的不定式(表示动作已经发生，指事情的全部过程已经结束)。e.g. Did you hear anyone _? 你听见有人唱过这首歌吗？ I hear someone _. 我听见有人在隔壁唱歌。但变为被动语态时,不定式要带toI saw him cross/crossing the road. 我看到他穿/正穿过马路。= He was seen _ the road. 过去分词作宾补的动词有以下的动词have, make, get, keep, leave，find等。e.g. (1) I heard _ in English. 我听到有人用英语唱过这首歌。 (2) He
6、found _. 他发现他的家乡变化很大。 (3)He got _ yesterday. 他昨天把牙拔了。(4)He left this matter _. 他留下此事未解决。 过去分词作宾补表示的意义:1. 过去分词作宾补表示被动关系，其动作先于谓语动作。如例句(1)，过去分词sung的动作显然先于谓语动作heard；例句(2)，过去分词changed的动作显然先于谓语动作found。2.过去分词作宾补时，过去分词所表示的动作一定和宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系。如例句(3)，动宾关系是pull out his tooth；例句(4)，动宾关系是settle this matter。 v + sb.
7、 + to do sth. 结构中的动词, 所接的宾补是不定式。常用此结构的动词有：advise, allow, ask, cause, expect, force, get, help, invite, order, persuade, remind, request, require, teach, tell, want, warn, wish,等造句：_固学案I.用所给动词的恰当形式填空:1. I cant sleep well with the noise _ (go) on.2. His failing the exam got his parents _ (worry).3. I
8、have had my bike _, and Im going to have my brother _ my radio tomorrow. (repair)4. Dont leave the water _ (run) while you brush your teeth.5. Homework is left _ (undo) .6. She was found _ (lie) at the corner, dead.7. He raised his voice to make himself _ (hear).8. He shouldnt be made _ (learn). He
9、always works hard.9. A: I often hear this song _ (sing), but I have never heard him _ (sing) it. B: Listen! I can hear him _ (sing) it now.10. When I came in, I found many parents _ (seat). 11. With a lot of problems _ (settle), he will have a hard time.12. With a lot of problems _ (settle), he now
10、feels relaxed.13. With his fans _ (surround) him, he felt excited.14. When he woke up ,he found himself _(surround) by a group of doctors and nurses.II.单项填空( )1. He slipped into the room, without himself _. A. seen B. being seen C. seeing D. to see( )2. He found the street much _. A. crowd B. crowdi
11、ng C. crowded D. crowdly( )3.I think _ necessary to learn English well. A. its B. it C. that D. that is( )4. Paul doesnt have to be made _. He always works hard. A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning( )5. You cant have the horse _ all the way. Its too hot. A. run B. to run C. running D. to be
12、running( )6. When I came back, I found the house _ and everything _. A. was broken; took away B. broken into; taken away C. had been broken; taken D. break into; take away( )7. I heard that you were elected _this time. A. monitor B. the monitor C. a monitor D. my monitor( )8. For a time his grandmot
13、her found _ accept his new idea. A. hard B. it hard C. it hard to D. it is hard to( )9. When I came back, I found nobody _. It was empty. A. on B. out C. in D. away( )10. The speaker raised his voice but still couldnt make himself _. A. hear B. to hear C. hearing D. heard( )11. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _. A.not to B. not to do C. not do D.
