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1、清华大学英语系测试：为中小学生英语量身定做.官方网站：http:/ 清华大学英语教授 50 年研究成果一般过去时的用法一、概念表示在的过去某个时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。通常在句子里找到表示过去时间的词或词组。如：yesterday，yesterday morning，yesterday afternoon，yesterday evening，the day before yesterday（前天），last night，last week，last month， last year，a moment ago（刚才），just now（刚才）， two days ago，a week ag
2、o，in 1990 等。如： I went to bed at eleven last night. 昨晚我 11：00 睡觉。四、动词过去式的构成规律(一)规则动词的过去式1一般情况下，在动词原形后面加-ed；looklooked playplayed startstarted visitvisited2以不发音 e 结尾的动词，在词尾直接加-d；livelived useused3以“辅音字母+ y”结尾的动词，先将 y 改为 i ,再加 ed；studystudied, trytried flyflied4以重读闭音节（即辅音元音辅音）或 r 音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，要先双
3、写这个辅音字母后，再加 ed。stopstopped planplanned, preferpreferred(二)不规则动词的过去式1改变动词中的元音；beginbegan drinkdrank comecame eatate growgrew runran knowknew winwon speakspoke taketook writewrote getgot2变词尾的d 为t ；buildbuilt lendlent sendsent spendspent bendbent3与动词原形一样；cutcut putput costcost hurthurt shutshut4变-ay 为-
4、aid (少数动词)；saysaid paypaid laylaid 5采用不同词根；sellsold teachtaught buybought6其他。am/iswas arewere have/hashad dodid五、加“-ed”后的读音方法1.ed 加在清辅音后面读/t/。finished /-t/ help /-t/ asked /-t/2.ed 加在浊辅音或元音结尾的，读/d/。played /-d/ lived /-d/ enjoyed /-d/3.ed 加在/t/或/d/后面，读/id/。wanted /-tid/ needed /-did/ visited /-tid/六、
5、句式变化（一）一般过去时的一般疑问句1把 was, were 放在句首，其余位置不变。由 Was？引导的一般疑问句，肯定答为：Yes， was. 否定回答为：No，. wasnt. 由 Were？引导的一般疑问句，肯定回答为：Yes， were. 否定回答为：No， werent.如：（1）I was born in Shanghai. Were you born in Shanghai?Yes, I was. (肯定回答) No, I wasnt. (否定回答)（2）They were in Li Yans home last night. Were they in Li Yans home
6、 last night?Yes, they were. (肯定回答) No, they werent. (否定回答)2在行为动词的句子中，要用助动词词 did 来引导，其余的语序不变。要注意的是，要把行为动词的过去式改为原形。肯定回答为：Yes, did. 否定回答：No, didnt.如：John played computer games last night.Did John play computer games last night?Yes, he did. (肯定回答) No, he didnt. (否定回答)（二）一般过去时的否定句1在表示过去存在的状态的句子中，相接在 was,
7、 were 的后面加上 not。如：（1）He was in the park the day before yesterday.He was not in the park the day before yesterday.(2)We were busy last week.We were not busy last week.2在表示过去的时间发生的动作的句子中，要在行为动词的前面加助动词 didnt.然后把过去式的行为动词改为动词原形。即：didnt + 动词原形。如：（1）She played the violin last night.She didnt play the violi
8、n last night.(2)They swam in the lake yesterday.They didnt swim in the lake yesterday.(三)、一般过去式的特殊疑问句1.What did ?（主要是询问过去发生了什么事情，注意要把过去式改为动词原形。）We ate Chinese food last night.What did we eat last night?2.Where did ?( 主要是询问过去事情发生的地方。)They sang and dance in the music room yesterday morning.Where did t
9、hey sing and dance yesterday morning?3.Who + 动词过去式 ?( 主要是询问过去事情发生的人物。)Mike and Tom climbed mountains last weekend. Who climbed mountains last weekend?二、句子结构1在表示某个时间里存在的状态的句子，系动词用过式was，were 构成。如：（1）I was at home yesterday. 昨天我在家。（2）We were in the gym just now. 刚才我们在体育馆。2在表示过去某个时间里发生的动作，用动词的过去式构成。如：I
10、visited my uncle yesterday. 昨天我拜访了我的叔叔。3各种句式（1）一般过去时的肯定陈述句：主语 动词过去式 宾语或表语。He worked in Shanghai ten years ago.（2）一般过去时的否定句：a主语 didnt 动词原形 宾语。 (did + not = didnt)He didnt do morning exercises yesterday.b主语 wasnt/weren t 表语。(was + not = wasnt were + not = werent)He wasnt an English teacher ten years a
11、go.（3）一般过去时的一般疑问句：aDid 主语 动词原形 宾语 ？Did you study English in 1990 ?bWas/Were + 主语 表语 ？Was he a pupil five years ago ?（4）一般过去时的特殊疑问句：a特殊疑问词 did + 主语 动词原形 宾语？Where did your parents live five years ago？What did you do last Sunday？b特殊疑问词 were/was 表语？Who was at the zoo yesterday?过去时练习用 be 动词的适当形式填空1I _ at
12、 school just now.2He _ at the camp last week.3We _ students two years ago.4They _ on the farm a moment ago.5Yang Ling _ eleven years old last year.6There _ an apple on the plate yesterday.7There _ some milk in the fridge on Sunday.8The mobile phone _ on the sofa yesterday evening.9She _ happy yester
13、day.10They _ glad to see each other last month.11Today _ the second of June. Yesterday _ the first of June. It _ Childrens Day. All the students _ very excited.句型转换1. It was exciting.否定句：_一般疑问句：_肯、否定回答：_2. All the students were very excited.否定句：_一般疑问句：_肯、否定回答：_3. They were in his pocket.否定句：_一般疑问句：_肯、否定回答：_1. There was a car in front of the house just now.否定句：_一般疑问句：_
