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1、专题02 冠词精讲深剖真题速递单句语法填空1.（2019全国I卷）Of _ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six are stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.【答案】the 【解析】考查冠词。此处为特指，意为“在已知的19个北极熊亚种群中”，故填the。2.（2019全国II卷）When we got a call saying she was short-listed，we thought it was _ joke.
2、 【答案】a【解析】考查冠词。根据句意“我们还以为这是一个玩笑” 可知，此处joke为泛指，故填a。3. （2019全国浙江卷）Everybody wears_ same style of clothes.【答案】the 【解析】考查冠词。句意：每个人都穿相同风格的衣服。same是形容词，意思是“相同的”，常与the连用修饰名词。故填the。4.（2018全国II卷）Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent. 【答案】the
3、【解析】考查冠词。此处是特指，故用定冠词the。over the past 25 years表示“在过去的25年里”。5.（2018全国III卷）Unexpectedly，Im facetoface with the gorilla，who begins screaming at top of her lungs.【答案】the 【解析】考查冠词。at the top of“在顶端”，此处表示“大声地”。6.（2017全国I卷）As result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. 【
4、答案】a【解析】考查固定搭配中的冠词。as a result结果，是固定搭配。7.（2017全国II卷）This included digging up the road，laying the track and then building a strong roof over top.【答案】the【解析】考查冠词。此处特指“地铁的顶部”，故用定冠词the。8.（2017全国III卷）Instead, she is earning 6,500 a day as model in New York.【答案】a【解析】考查冠词。句意：相反，她在纽约作为一名模特儿每天收入6 500英镑。用不定冠词
5、a表泛指。单句改错1.（2019全国I卷）Suddenly football fell just in front of me but almost hit me. 【答案】在football前加a【解析】考查冠词。名词football为可数名词，前边需要有限定词。这里football第一次出现，故在football前加a。2.（2018全国III卷)Each of my cafes will have a different theme and an unique style.【答案】an改为a【解析】考查冠词。本句考查冠词的用法。an用在元音音素前，a用在辅音因素前。unique是以辅音音
6、素开头的单词，前用a。故把an改为a。3.（2018全国I卷）During my last winter holiday，I went to countryside with my father to visit my grandparents. 【答案】在countryside前加the。【解析】考查冠词。定冠词the用于某些固定习语中，“go to the countryside”意为“去乡下”。4.（2018全国II卷）As the kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times . 【答案】the改为a。【解析】
7、考查冠词。此处表示“作为一个孩子”，kid表泛指，且kid的发音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。5.（2018全国III卷）I had done myself homework，but I was shy. 【答案】myself改为my/the。【解析】考查限定词。此处特指“我的作业”，故将myself改为my/the。6.They live far from the school, and it takes them about a hour and a half to go to work every day. 【答案】aan/one 【解析】词法错误。hour是以元音音素开头的单词，前面
8、要用不定冠词an。表示“一个小时”可以用an hour也可以用one hour。7.（2017全国III卷）Around me in picture are the things which were very important in my life at that time：car magazines and musical instruments. 【答案】in后加this/the 【解析】词法错误。picture在文中第一句已经出现过，故此处可以加the表示特指；也可加this，表示“在这张照片中”。考纲解读冠词的考查几乎每年都有一两道题，而且基本都设两空。一般情况下，试题的情景较为曲
9、折，句式以复合句为主。另外，在短文改错和语法填空中也常常涉及冠词的考查。考查要点主要包括：1考查定冠词和不定冠词的基本用法。2考查定冠词和不定冠词的特殊用法。抽象名词具体化前冠词的使用情况、比较级前冠词的使用情况。3考查冠词的泛指、特指、类指和专指用法。 4考查零冠词的运用。另外，还涉及很多冠词与名词的固定搭配。复习冠词须把握好以下三个原则： (1)单数可数名词用不定冠词a/an表示泛指； (2)复数可数名词及不可数名词表示泛指时，其前不加冠词； 知识梳理(3)无论可数名词还是不可数名词，表示特指时，其前都要加定冠词the。 一、定冠词1表示特指。特指某(些)人或某(些)事物。 Give me
10、 the book. Did you hear the talk given by Mr Li? How do you like the film. Have you got the letter? 指谈话双方都知道的人或事物。Where is the teacher? Open the door. 复述上文提过的人或事物。I have a beautiful wallet, but the wallet was stolen yesterday. 世界上独一无二的事物等(月亮、地球、天空、宇宙)The sun rises in the east. The earth goes round t
11、he sun. the globe, the universe. the atmosphere大气层 用在方位名词前 in the south, in the west ,in the north 用在序数词或形容词最高级前 The first thing I want to say is to listen carefully in class. He is the tallest one in our class.表示两者间“较的一个”时用定冠词 The older of the two noblemen took a light. He is the taller of the two
12、boys. 用在单数可数名词前表示一类人或事物。The horse is a useful animal. 定冠词用在形容词前，表示一类人或东西。The rich, the poor ,the wounded ,the deaf 冠词可用在党派、阶级、民族名词前 The Chinese people中华民族 The working class 工人阶级 The Communist Party用在姓氏的复数形式前表示一家人，或这一姓的夫妇二人。The Lius live upstairs. The Johns are watching TV. 在乐器前加the the piano the vio
13、lin 在习惯性短语中 in the morning in the afternoon 在人或物后有限定性的后置定语The man standing by the gate is Li Feng. 代替所有格代词，表示人体的一部分 He received a blow on the head 他头上挨了一击。 Johns brother took him by the hand. 约翰的哥哥牵着他的手。 在世纪，年代名词前用冠词。 In the 1980s或in the 1980s 20世纪80年代 in the nineteenth century 二十世纪【考题印证】单句语法填空1.(20
14、16全国卷)The nursery team switches him every few days with his sister so that while one is being bottlefed, _ other is with mumshe never suspects.【答案】the【解析】考查冠词。one.the other意为“一个另一个”，为固定用法。2.(2015全国卷)The adobe dwellings(土坯房) built by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even _most modern of architects and engineers.【答案】the【解析】考查形容词最高级的用法。形容词最高级前用定冠词the。【变式探究】(2016浙江，2) prize for the winner of the competition is twoweek holiday in Paris.【答案】The 【解析】句意：这个比赛获胜者的奖品是一个为期两周的在巴黎度假的机会。特指“获胜者的奖品”，用定冠词the。【变式探究】(2015新课标，42)The adobe dwellings(土坯房)built by the Pueblo Indians o
