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1、 TheCalloftheWild 1 JackLondon Arealisticwriter Born January12 1876SanFrancisco CaliforniaUnitedStatesDied November22 1916 aged40 GlenEllen CaliforniaUnitedStatesOccupation Novelist journalist shortstorywriterandessayist LifeExperiences WritingStyle MajorWorks 2 LifeExperiences 3 1890 1891 childlabo
2、rerinacannery at14 oysterpirate at15 sailorofasealingschooner at17 1893 4 1895 jailedforvagrancy finishedhighschool at19 UniversityofCalifornia at20 1896 5 1897 KlondikeGoldRush at21 writer reporter TheSonoftheWolf 1900 1916 diedfromagastrointestinalofuremia 尿毒症 thoughitwaswidelysupposedthathecommit
3、tedsuicide at40 6 WritingStyle 7 Hewasfascinatedbythewayviolencetestedandrefinedhumancharacter Withoutmuchstylisticandformalrefinementandsubtletyofcharacterization London sfictionhastheunusualandintriguingpowerofancientmyth Althoughhisworkcanneverbeclassedroughrealism hewillalwaysberememberedastheor
4、iginatorofanewtypeofwritingcalledroughrealism Forceful andcolorful SubjectivityandenthusiasmHischaracterizationswereoftenstiffandhisdialoguestereotyped Themes primitiveviolence Anglo Saxonsupremacy biologicalevolution classwarfare andmechanisticdeterminism WritingStyle 8 MajorWorks 9 MajorWorks TheP
5、eopleoftheAbyss 1903 深渊中的人们TheCalloftheWild 1903 野性的呼唤TheSeaWolf 1904 海狼WhiteFang 1906 白牙LoveofLife 1907 热爱生命TheIronHeel 1908 铁蹄MartinEden 1909 马丁 伊登TheValleyoftheMoon 1912 月谷TheStarRover 1915 星游人TheLittleLadyoftheBigHouse 1916 大屋里的小妇人 10 11 WolfHouse 12 特怀曼 L 托尔利在 狼的智慧 中对狼有很好的描述及概括 狼是陆地上生物最高的食物链终结者
6、之一 群居动物中最有秩序 纪律的族群 由于有狼的存在 其他野生动物才得以淘汰老弱残的不良族群 也因为有狼的威胁存在 其它野生动物才被迫进化得更优秀 以免被狼淘汰 也因为有狼非常强的生存能力 适应能力 13 Background Presenter 彭雪宁8号 14 TheCalloftheWild Background 15 Backgroundknowledge Agoldrushisaperiodoffeverishmigrationofworkersintotheareaofadramaticdiscoveryofcommercialquantitiesofgold the19thcen
7、turyAustralia Brazil Canada SouthAfrica theUnitedStates KlondikeRiver 16 TheCalloftheWild Background InAugust1896 goldwasdiscoveredinRabbitCreekintheYukonTerritoryofwesternCanada 17 TheCalloftheWild Background WhennewsofthefindreachedtheUnitedStates theKlondikegoldrushwason 18 TheCalloftheWild Backg
8、round Thegoldprospectors knownas Klondikers facedharshconditions temperatures40degreesbelowzero starvationandmalnutrition longjourneysonfoot hundredsofpoundsofsuppliestotransport 19 About100 000peoplestartedoutinhopesofreachingtheKlondikeRiverandfindinggold Ofthese onlyabout30 000completedthetrip Th
9、eresteitherstoppedsomewherealongtheway turnedaround ordied TheCalloftheWild Background 20 TheCalloftheWild Background TheindigenouspeopleofAlaskaandCanadabeganusingsleddogsmorethan1 000yearsago Theydependedonthesedogsfor protection transportation hunting companionship 21 TheCalloftheWild Background
10、Inthelate1800s settlersandexplorersstartedusingthedogstohelpthemexploreremoteareas delivermail andlookforgold 22 TheCalloftheWild Background Theyhaveaprotectiveoutercoatandaninsulatingundercoat thathelpsthemtoleratetemperaturesaslowas 70 F 23 TheCalloftheWild Background Certainpurebreddogsarecommonl
11、yusedassleddogs Alaskanmalamutes Siberianhuskies Samoyeds 24 TheCalloftheWild Background InthisharshandhostileenvironmentliketheYukonTerritory survivalistheultimatechallenge 25 TheCalloftheWild Background Ifstrength courage andadaptabilityarethekeystosurvival thenourhero Buck standsaprettygoodchance
12、 26 Plot Presenter 黄裕鑫25号 27 28 CharacterAnalysis Presenter 潘影红27号 29 30 Dave anexperiencedwheeler nippedBuck shindquarterswheneverhewasinerror Spitz theleaderofthedogs anexperiencedwheeler healwaysfiercetohiscompanions buthecouldnotalwaysgetatBuck Finally hewaskilledbyBuck 31 32 ParraultandFrancois
13、 TheyareBuck ssecondowners Sternanddemandinginstantobedience Thelawofclubandtooth木棒和犬牙法则 33 34 Hal CharlesandMercedes HalandCharles foolishandcallow Mercedes spoiledandsentimental Poorplan 35 aseasonedgoldprospector JohnThornton havingadeep abidingandreciprocalloveblossomsbetweenmananddog 36 Buck th
14、emaincharacter Fulloffightingspirit thesurvivalofthefittest Theviciousandcunningrulers Love loyaltytohisowner Thecallofthewild 37 Anyopinionisappreciated Speakoutyourthinking 38 Hedidnotstealforjoyofit butbecauseoftheclamorofhisstomach Hedidnotrobopenly butstolesecretlyandcunningly outofrespectforcl
15、ubandfang Inshort thethingshedidweredonebecauseitwaseasiertodethemthannottodothem 他偷东西不是为了从中得到乐趣 而是因为肚子太饿 他不明目张胆地去抢 而是耍点小手腕去偷 这是考虑到木棒和利齿所致 简言之 他之所以这么做是因为做比不做更容易些 Fulloffightingspirit thesurvivalofthefittest 39 Hewaspreeminentlycunning andcouldbidehistimewithapatiencethatnothinglessthanprimitive 他是头等
16、的狡猾 并且能够用他天生就有的的那种忍耐等待时机 Theviciousandcunningrulers 40 Livinginthedogteam Buckdidnotwanttobepatientforalongtimeunderanotherman sdomination Whenhewasbeatbythemaninred healreadyrealizedtheimportanceofpower Sincethen heneverforgotthedesiretowintheleadershipofSpitz Afterfulldeliberationandpreparation hekilledSpitzinthebattle andfinallycapturedtheleaderposition Fulloffightingspirit thesurvivalofthefittest 41 Thus astokenofwhatapuppetthinglifeis theancientsongsurgedthroughhimandhecameintohisownagain 于
