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1、 凯程考研，为学员服务，为学生引路！第 1 页 共 3 页2018 年考研英语难度下降 写作人人有话可写2018 年考研英语的考试刚刚结束，就拿到的真题分析，整体难度与 2010 年相比，有所下降，但是各部分的题目难度增减不一。完型填空部分，难度基本上没有变化，但是对词汇的考察有所加强，阅读理解 Part A 部分不论是从文章的选取和题目的设计，比去年的难度都有一定程度的降低。阅读理解的 PARTB 部分，第一次出现了排序题，虽然排序在几种题型中算是难度比较低的，但是命题者通过文章的选择，避免了一些明显的标志词的出现，成功地增加了难度，但是整体而言，此部分难度比去年有所降低。这次考试，难度降低
2、比较明显的是作文部分。2010 年的文化火锅确实使不少同学在构思和用词上煞费苦心，而今年关于旅游区爱护环境的话题，其文章审题的难度，仅限于高一语文作文的水平，加之环保是考研英语作文的大热点，相信很多同学在考前也有目的地记忆了一些这方面的词汇和句型，写起来一定是更加得心应手。完型填空题目的文章来自于 2009 年 4 月号 Scientific American, 作者 Steve Ayan, 原文题目为How Humor Makes You Friendlier, Sexier：幽默如何使你更加有人缘且性感Ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle viewed l
3、aughter as “a bodily exercise precious to health。” But 1despite some claims to the contrary, chuckling probably has little influence on physical fitness. Laughter does 2 produce short-term changes in cardiovascular function and respiration, 3 boosting heart rate, respiratory rate and depth, as well
4、as oxygen consumption. But because hard laughter is difficult to 4 sustain, a good guffaw is unlikely to have 5 measurable cardiovascular benefits the way, say, walking or jogging does。6 In fact, instead of straining muscles to build them, as exercise does, laughter apparently accomplishes the 7 opp
5、osite. Studies dating back to the 1930s indicate that laughter 8 relaxes muscles, decreasing muscle tone for up to 45 minutes after the guffaw subsides。Such physical relaxation might conceivably help 9 moderate the effects of psychological stress. After all, the act of laughing probably does produce
6、 other types of 10 physical feedback that improve an individuals emotional state. 11 According to one classical theory of emotion, our feelings are partially rooted 12 in physical reactions. American psychologist William James 凯程考研，为学员服务，为学生引路！第 2 页 共 3 页and Danish physiologist Carl Lange argued at
7、the end of the 19th century that humans do not cry 13 because they are sad but that they become sad when the tears begin to flow。Although sadness also 14 precedes tears, evidence suggests that emotions can flow 15 from muscular responses. In an experiment published in 1988, social psychologist Fritz
8、 Strack of the University of Wrzburg in Germany and his colleagues asked volunteers to 16 hold a pen either with their teeththereby creating an artificial smileor with their lips, which would produce a 17 disappointed expression. Those forced to exercise their smiling muscles 18 reacted more exubera
9、ntly to funny cartoons than did those whose mouths were contracted in a frown, 19 suggesting that expressions may influence emotions rather than just the other way around. 20 Similarly, the physical act of laughter could improve mood。文章自于 2010 年 2 月 25 日的 Economist 经济学人杂志，原文题目为 University education
10、in America 美国的大学教育The Marketplace of Ideas: Reform and Resistance in the American University. By Louis Menand. Norton; 174 pages; $24.95 and 17.99. Buy from A,Amazon.co.ukTHIS subtle and intelligent little book should be read by every student thinking of applying to take a doctorate. They may then d
11、ecide to go elsewhere. For something curious has been happening in American universities, and Louis Menand, a professor of English at Harvard University, captures it deftly。His concern is mainly with the humanities: literature, languages, philosophy and so on. These are disciplines that are going ou
12、t of style: 22% of American college graduates now major in business compared with only 2% in history and 4% in English. However, many leading American universities want their undergraduates to have a grounding in the basic canon of ideas that every educated person should possess. But most find it di
13、fficult to agree on what a “general education” should look like. At Harvard, Mr Menand notes, “The great books are read because they have been read”they form a sort of social glue。One reason why it is hard to design and teach such courses is that they cut across the insistence by top American univer
14、sities that liberal-arts education and professional education should be kept separate, taught in different schools. Many students experience both varieties. Although more than half of Harvard undergraduates end up in law, medicine or business, future doctors and lawyers must study a non-specialist l
15、iberal-arts degree before embarking on a professional qualification。Besides professionalising the professions by this separation, top American universities have 凯程考研，为学员服务，为学生引路！第 3 页 共 3 页professionalised the professor. The growth in public money for academic research has speeded the process: feder
16、al research grants rose fourfold between 1960 and 1990, but faculty teaching hours fell by half as research took its toll. Professionalism has turned the acquisition of a doctorate into a prerequisite for a successful academic career: as late as 1969 a third of American professors did not possess one. But the key idea behind professionalisation, argues Mr Menand, is that “the knowledge and skills needed for a particular specialisation are transmissible but not tr
