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1、1 虚拟语气 SubjunctiveMood 2 虚拟语气用来表示所说的不是事实 或者是不可能发生的情况 而是一种愿望 建议或是与事实相反的假设 虚拟语气通常用在下列情况 一 用于虚拟条件句中1 其主从句的谓语动词形式如下表 虚拟语气 3 1 did2 be动词用were should would could might do should would could might do should would could might have done 1 did were2 should could 动动词原形3 weretodo had done 4 1 Ifeveryoneinthecou
2、ntry know firstaid manylives save 与现在事实相反 2 Ifthehurricane happen duringtheday time there be moredeaths 与过去事实相反 3 Ifit rain tomorrow we notgo out 与将来事实相反 knew wouldbesaved hadhappened wouldhavebeen weretorain shouldnotgo 5 2 虚拟条件句中的省略与倒装当虚拟条件句中有动词were had should时可将if省去 而将were had should提到主语之前 形成省略倒装
3、 1 ittoraintomorrow weshouldnotgoout 2 itnotrainedyesterday hewouldhavecometotheparty 3 therebeaflood whatshouldwedo Were Had Should 6 3 有时假设情况是通过一个介词短语来表示用without butfor or orelse代替if从句 Without Butforhishelp wewouldn thavemadesuchgreatprogress Ifhishelp wewouldn thavemadesuchgreatprogress therehadn
4、 tbeenwehadn tgotithadnotbeenfor 7 4 混合时间条件句与主句条件句与主句的动作发生的时间有先后 应按各自动作时间搭配好相应的形式 1 Ifthey study hard theycould do iteasilynow 如果他们以前努力学习的话 现在干的就会容易些 2 Ifhe take myadvice hewouldn t itmuchbetterlikethis 如果他不听取我的建议 他就不会干得这样好 hadstudied do hadnottaken do 5 省略虚拟语气的条件从句或者主句情况1 Ifonlyhecouldcome 要是他能来就好了
5、2 Sheshouldhavecometotheparty 她应该来参加聚会 3 Ifhehadmuchmoremoney 如果他有更多的钱就能 6 句型Ifitwerenotfor Wereitnotfor Ifithadn tbeenfor Haditnotbeenfor 要不是 如果不是 1 Ifithadn tbeenforthedeterminedcaptain allthepassengersonboardwouldn thavebeensaved 2 Ifitwerenotforhisrichparents hecouldn tlivesoeasyalife 二 用于宾语从句中
6、1 用在表命令 建议 要求等动词后的宾语从句中动词为suggest demandrequest desire order propose insist advise等 宾语从句中用谓语用 should do be Iinsistedhe go toseeadoctor butheinsistednothing be wrongwithhim 2 Isuggestthatwe ameetingnextweek 3 Herpalefacesuggeststhatshe be ill should go was should hold is 表示现在的愿望 主语 did表示过去的愿望 主语 had
7、done表示将来的愿望 主语 would could do1 IwishI be abirdand fly freely 2 IwishI thatfilmstaryesterday3 HowIwishwestudents have morefreetimetorelaxourselves were couldfly hadmet had 2 用在表愿望的动词wish和短语wouldrather后的宾语从句中 12 4 Iwouldratheryou remain herenow 5 I dratheryou do thatyesterday remained hadn tdone 1 用在表
8、被命令 被建议 被要求等动词和一些形容词后的主语从句中 it是形式主语 用在Itisdesired ordered decided requested suggested proposed necessary important natural等之后的主语从句中 其谓语动词形式为 should do1 It srequestedthattheplay put onagain 2 It snecessarythathe send thereatonce 三 用于主语从句中 should beput should besent 2 用在表惊讶 出乎意料等分词动词或些形容词后的主语从句中 it是形式
9、主语 用在it sstrange apity ashame nowonder surprising等之后的主语从句中 其谓语动词形式为should do should表示 竟然 不可省1 It sapitythatshe miss thechancetogoabroad 2 It sstrangethathe notpass theexam shouldmiss shouldn tpass 3 句型It s about high time that 该是 的时候了主语从句中谓语动词要用过去式或用should do should不可省略 It stimeweshouldhavebreakfast
10、 Itisabouttimethatthechildrenshouldgotobed It shightimethatwedidsomethingtoimproveourenvironment 四 用于表语从和同位语从句中 用在suggestion order advice demand proposal request requirement等之后的表语从句和同位语从句中 其谓语动词形式为 should do Hissuggestionisthattheybesenttothepoorareaatonce 2 Hegivestheorderthatweshouldrememberallthe
11、grammar 表语从句 同位语从句 1 表现在用did或were 2 表过去用haddone1 Themanspeaksasifhe be aforeigner 2 Theytalkedasifthey be goodfriendsforyears 3 Evenifhe be here hecouldnotsolvetheproblem 五 用于asif asthough引导的状语从句中 were hadbeen were evenif eventhough 注 asif asthough从句中不一定都要用虚拟语气 如果情况真实 就要用正常时态来描绘Itlooksasifit rain 天看起来象要下雨 下雨的可能性很大 isgoingtorain 六 用在简单句中 表示祝愿 命令 Mayyoubehappy 祝你幸福 Maythefriendshipbetweenuslastlong 祝愿我们的友情天长地久
