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1、英语试卷一、阅读理解（本大题共16小题，共32.0分）AYesterday night， over a dinner with my elder brothers family， a topic of happiness came up My wife， Marla， a psychologist， was sharing Csikszentmihalyis concept of flow with us Marla explained that according to the research on flow， people are happiest when they are absor
2、bed in a task that is just challenging enough for them to experience a sense of mastery（熟练）A few moments later my brother， Yuri， offered the following opinion： The first and only， necessary and sufficient factor for happiness is to stop associating happiness with pleasure The two - happiness and ple
3、asure - have nothing to do with each other This morning， with my cup of coffee， I searched through a pile of books on my bedside table and-at the bottom-found a book by Bertrand Russell， I started reading but didnt finish In it， I found the following thought：The human animal， like others， is adapted
4、 to a certain amount of struggle for life， and when by means of great wealth homo sapiens can gratify all his whims （突发奇想） without effort， the mere absence of effort from his life removes an essential ingredient of happiness The conversation came full circle： people are happiest when they are in a s
5、tate of flow （Csikszentmihalyis language ）which is the effortful devotion in a momentwhich has nothing to do with pleasureIndeed， as Yuri insisted ： happiness-as-pleasure is a myth； the association between happiness and pleasure is nothing but a semantic（语义的） habit； psychologically， the two-happines
6、s and pleasure-are arguably different； and breaking up this association between pleasure and happiness might， in fact， be a powerfully first step in pursuit of happinessAs I look back on that exchange， I recall that there was an effort， a struggle to find a common understanding about this seemingly
7、difficult idea-a struggle that made me happy1. The author wrote this text mainly to _ A. look back on the happy nightB. advise readers to read Bertrand RussellC. tell readers how to be happiestD. show different opinions on family gathering2. According to Marla， people feel happiest when they _ A. ge
8、t what they want without effortB. master the happiness around themC. involve themselves in a challenging taskD. experience things that can bring pleasure3. What writing style is used by the author to explain happiness？ _ A. Giving examplesB. Using quotesC. Making comparisonsD. Offering arguments4. T
9、he best title of the text may probably be _ A. The struggle for lifeB. Happiness as pleasureC. A topic over the dinnerD. The effort for happinessBA machine that takes sweat-laden （浸满汗水的） clothes and turns the sweat into drinking water is in use in Sweden The machine makes the clothes turn round quic
10、kly， heats them to remove the sweat， and then passes the steam through a kind of special material to make purified waterSince it has been brought into use， its creators say more than 1000 people have drunk others sweat in Gothenburg They add the liquid is cleaner than local tap waterThe device was b
11、uilt for the United Nations child-focused charity UNICEF to promote a campaign highlighting the fact that 780 million people in the world lack access to clean waterThe machine was designed and built by the engineer Andreas Hammar， known locally for his appearances on TV tech show Mekatronik He said
12、the key part of the sweat machine was a new water purification part developed by a company named HVRIt uses a technique called membrane distillation （膜蒸馏）， he told the BBC We use a special kind of material that only lets steam through but keeps bacteria， salts， clothing fibers and other things out T
13、hey have something similar to the International Space Station， but our machine is cheaper to build The amount of water it produces depends on how sweaty the person is， but one persons T-shirt typically produces 10ml， about a mouthful The device has been put on show at the Gothia Cup-the worlds large
14、st international youth football tournament Mattias Ronge， chief executive of Stockholm-based advertising agency Deportivo， said the machine had helped raise awareness for UNICEF， but in reality had its limitationsPeople havent produced as much sweat as we hoped - right now the weather in Gothenburg
15、is lousy， Mattias Ronge said So weve equipped the machine with exercise bikes and volunteers are cycling like crazy Even so， the demand for sweat is greater than the supply And the machine will never be produced in large numbers， since there are better solutions out there such as water purifying pil
16、ls5. Which of the following is the disadvantage of the sweat machine？ _ A. The amount of water the machine produces is rather limitedB. It takes too long for the machine to produce waterC. It costs a large amount of money to build the machineD. The water processed by the machine is not clean enough6. UNICEF is mentioned in
