《仁爱英语九年级上册语法精讲精编版》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《仁爱英语九年级上册语法精讲精编版（7页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、最新资料推荐仁爱英语九年级上册语法精讲Unit 1-topic1 现在完成时（）1.现在完成时的构成：助动词have/has+过去分词。它的肯定式、否定式、疑问式和答语的结构如下表（以work为例）:肯定式I (You)have worked.He (She/It) has worked.We (You/They) have worked.否定式I (You) have not/havent worked.He (She/It) has not/hasnt worked.We (You/They) have not/havent worked.疑问式Have I (you) worked?Ha
2、s he (she/it) worked?Have we (you/they) worked?简单回答Yes, you (I) have. / No, you (I) have not/havent.Yes, he (she/it) has. / No, he (she/it) has not/hasnt.Yes, you (we/they) have. / No, you (we/they)have not/havent. 2. have (has) been to与have (has) gone tohave (has) been to某地，说明到过某地，说话时已回来。have (has)
3、 gone to某地，说明去某地了，说话时还没回来。e.g. He has been to Beijing three times.他去过北京三次。 He hasgone to Wuhan.他到武汉去了。Unit 1-topic2现在完成时（）1.现在完成时的用法:表示过去某一时间发生的动作或存在的状态，对现在仍有影响。e.g. I have just posted the letter. 我刚把信邮寄了。She has lost her watch. 她弄丢了手表。2.现在完成时可以和不明确指出时间的状语连用，如already, yet,just, before, ever, lately,
4、 once等。e.g. Have you heard from your friend lately? 你最近收到你朋友的来信了吗？3.现在完成时也可以和包括现在在内的时间状语连用。如this week, this morning, today, thisyear等。e.g. They have moved three times this year. 今年他们已经搬了三次家。 4.现在完成时不能和明确表示过去时间的状语连用。如yesterday, last week, in 1999, two days ago,just now, when I came in等。Unit 1-topic3现
5、在完成时（）1.现在完成时表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在的动作或状态，常与for，since引导的状语连用。for+一段时间，since+过去时间点或从句（从句的谓语动词用过去式）。e.g. I have lived here for twenty years我住在这里已有20年了。We have built many factories since 1985.自1985年以来，我们建了许多工厂。He has always helped me with my English since he came here自从他到这里以后，他总是帮助我学习英语。2.有的动词所表示的动作不是瞬间就可以完成的，
6、要持续一段时间,这样的动词叫延续性动词。不能延续下去的动词，叫非延续性动词或瞬间动词。如:buy，borrow等，这些动词在现在完成时的句子中可改为相应的表示延续性的词或短语来与表示一段时间的状语连用。如：buyhave，borrowkeep, comebe,joinbe, diebe dead, beginbe on等。e.g. He joined the army two years ago 他两年前就参军了。(同义句)He has been in the army for two yearsHe has been a soldier for twoyearsUnit 2-topic1一般
7、过去时与现在完成时的区别一般过去时：表示过去某个具体的时间发生的动作或某段时间存在的状态，强调过去的情况，与表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday, last year, two days ago, in 2012等。现在完成时：表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成影响或结果，强调现在的情况。现在完成时不能与过去某个具体时间或某段时间连用。e.g. I saw the film last week.我上周看过这部电影。(强调动作在上周发生。)I have seen the film.我已经看过这部电影了。(强调现在对电影已有了解。)I was a teacher two years
8、 ago.两年前我是一位老师。(强调两年前是老师。)I have been a teacher for two years.我做老师已经两年了。(强调现在仍是老师。)Unit 2-topic2不定代词和副词不指明替代任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词。大多数不定代词在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、同位语和定语。可数不可数许多manymucha lot of, lots of, plenty of一些some, anya fewa little几乎没有fewlittle每个任何一个全都都不另一个指两者eacheitherbothneither(the) ther两者以上each/everyan
9、yallnone/noanothersome-any-no-every-人someoneanyoneno one/noneeveryonesomebodyanybodynobodyeverybody物somethinganythingnothingeverything复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。e.g. Something is wrong with the computer.电脑坏了。形容词修饰不定代词时应该放在不定代词之后。e.g. There is something delicious on the table.桌子上有好吃的。some-/any-复合不定代词的用法与so
10、me/any用法基本一致。肯定句以及期待对方肯定回答的疑问句中通常用some-；否定句和疑问句中通常用any-。e.g. Would you like something to eat?你要点儿吃的东西吗？I dont know anything about it. 我什么也不知道。I heardsomebody singing in the classroom.我听见教室里有人在唱歌。some, any, no和every还可以与where连用，构成表示地点的副词，即：somewhere, anywhere, nowhere, everywhere。其用法与some/any用法基本一致。e.
11、g. Ive seen him somewhere before.我以前在哪儿见过他。There wasnowhere for me to sit.我无处可坐。Unit 2-topic3并列句含有两个或者两个以上独立的简单句的句子，叫做并列句。通常由and，but，while，or，so等连词来连接。如：1.表示并列关系、动作先后关系，常用and连接。e.g. After lunch my aunt came in and she lookedworried.午饭后我姑姑进来了，她看起来很着急。 (表示并列关系)I finishedmy homework and I went to bed.我
12、写完作业，就上床睡觉了。 (表示动作的先后顺序)2.表示转折关系，常用连词but，while等。e.g. He is very old but he is in good health虽然他年纪很大了，但他身体很好。Tom wasrich while his brother was very poor.汤姆非常富有，然而他的哥哥非常穷。3.表示选择关系，常用连词or, either.or.等。e.g. He came by bus, or he came by taxi.他乘公共汽车来的，或者他乘出租车来的。Either youtell the truth, or you say nothin
13、g.你要么说实话，要么什么也别说。4.表示因果关系，常用so，for连接。e.g. The coat was very expensive, so I didnt buy it.那件上衣很贵，所以我没买。It is verycold today, for it snows.今天很冷，因为下雪了。Unit 3-topic1一般现在时的被动语态1. 概念:英语语态有主动语态和被动语态两种。主语是动作的执行者，叫做主动语态；主语是动作的承受者，叫做被动语态。e.g. We clean the classroom. 我们打扫教室。（主动语态）The classroom is cleaned (by u
14、s). 教室被（我们）打扫。（被动语态）2.被动语态的基本构成是“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”。助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则与其作为连系动词时的变化完全一样。一般现在时的被动语态构成为：主语+am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词。3. 一般现在时的被动语态的句式变化:(1)肯定: 主语+am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词。e.g. Cars are made by them. 汽车是由他们制造的。(2)否定: 主语+am/is/are+not+及物动词的过去分词。e.g. Cars are not made by them. 汽车不是由他们制造的。(3)一般疑问句: Am/Is/Are+主语+及物动词的过去分词？e.g. Are cars made by them？汽车是由他们制造的吗？4. 被动语态的用法:(1)在没有指明动作的执行者或者不知道动作执行者的情况下，可用被动语态。e.g. This coat is made of cotton. 这件大衣是棉制的。(2)要强调动作的承受者而不是执行者时，用被动语态。e.g. Her bike is stolen. 她的自行车被偷了。5. 主、被动语态的转换主动语态：主语+及物动词+宾语（+其他）。被动语态: 主语+be+及物动词过去分词+by+宾语（+其他）。
