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1、Module 8 Unit 3 Language in use学习目标：语言知识目标 让学生们能学会运用本单元中学过新单词短语及表达。语言技能目标 熟练运用宾语从句和定语从句的相关知识3. 情感目标 让学生懂得感恩。学习重难点： 熟练运用宾语从句和定语从句的相关知识学法指导：小组讨论教学过程 一、宾语从句的种类宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。1. 由that引导的宾语从句。That只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。例如：He said (that) he wanted to stay at home. She doesn
2、t know (that) she is seriously ill. I am sure (that) he will succeed.2. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如：Do you know who (whom) they are waiting foe? He asked whose handwriting was the best.Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is? I do
3、nt know why the train is late.3. 由if或whether引导的宾语从句，主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语从句。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。Whether, if 在从句中不做句子的成分，一般情况下，whether和if 可以替换。例如：I want to know if (whether) he lives there. He asked me whether (if) I could help him.只能用whether不能用if的情况：1）在介词后面的宾语从句中不用if引导 例：Everything depends on w
4、hether we have enough money。2）宾语从句中有or not时不用if引导. 例：I dont know whether the movie star will come or not.3）和不定式连用作宾语时不用if引导.例：Whether to go there or not hasnt been decided.二、宾语从句的语序 宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。例如： I hear (that) physics isnt easy. I think (that) you will like this school soon. Can you tell me ho
5、w I can get to zoo?三、 宾语从句的时态受主句的限制， 既：1. 主句是一般现在时态，从句根据实际情况而定。2. 主句是一般过去时态，从句用相应的过去的时态。如果从句的动作发生在主句之前，则从句要用过去完成时态。例:1） She says that she is a student. She said that she was a student.2）She says that she will fly to Japan in a week. She said that she would fly to Japan in a week. 3）She says that she
6、 has finished her homework already. She said that she had finished her homework already. 3. 如果宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或事实时，这时宾语从句要用一般现在时态。例：The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun. He told me that Japan is an island country.定语从句：在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。 that 既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语或宾语，作主语时不可省略，作宾语
7、可省略。如： which用于指物，在句中作主语或宾语，作主语不可省略，作宾语可省略。如： who， whom用于指人，who 用作主语，whom用作宾语，可以省略。在口语中，who也可以作宾语。如： whose用来指人或物, 只用作定语，：注意： 当定语从句中含有介词，且介词放在句末时，who， that， which作宾语时可省略，但介词在关系代词前时，只能用“介词+which/whom”结构。如： This is the house in which we lived last year. 含有介词的固定动词词组中，有些介词不可前置，只能放在原来的位置上。如：This is the per
8、son whom you are looking for. that 作介词的宾语时，介词不能放它的前面，只能放在从句中动词的后面。如： The city that she lives in is very far away.4）关系代词惯用that不宜用which的情况： 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时。 先行词为指物的不定代词，如all, any, much, many, everything,some, few, little, none，something, anything， nothing,everything等。： 先行词被the on
9、ly, the very, the same, the last,all, every, no, some, any, little, much,few, just 等词修饰时。 先行词里同时含有人或物时，只能用that。. 以who或which引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只能用that。 主句是there be 结构，修饰主语的定语从句用that，而不用which. 5）关系代词惯用which，而不用that 的情况： 先行词为that。 关系代词前有介词时，一般用which，而不用that.： 引导非限制性定语从句，用which， 而不用that6）关系代词惯用who，而不用that 的
10、情况： 先行词为指人的不定代词one,anyone,no one,none,all,nobody,anybody等。 在there be（live）结构中先行词指人时。： 先行词为those指人时。7）关系副词的用法（在定语从句中中作状语） when指时间，其先行词表示时间，在从句中作时间状语。 where指地点，其先行词表示地点，在从句中作地点状语。 why 指原因，其先行词是原因，在从句中作原因状语。 达 标 检 测 共 30 分 第 周 月 日 年级 班 组 号 姓名 得分 1 宾语从句1. I dont know _ he will be back home. A. who B. wh
11、at C. when D. where2. Could you tell me _ A. where do you live B. who you are waiting for C. who were you waiting for D. where you live in3. Do you still remember _ A. that he said B. what he said C. did he say that D. what did he say4. I cant understand _the boy alone. A. why she leftB. why did she
12、 leave C. why she had leftD. why had she left5. She told me the sun _ in the east. A. rise B. rose C. rises D. had risen6. They tried to find out _ the new train _. A. how far/had goneB. how long/has goneC. how far/went D. how far had/run7. The manager came up to see _. A. what was the matter B. wha
13、t the matter was C. what the matter is D. whats the matter8. Can you tell me _ A. where are you doing B. where do you study C. where you were doing D. where you study9. Its up to you to decide _ youll go there, by air or by road. A. How B. Why C. that D. when10. He asked his father _. A. where it ha
14、ppens B. where did it happen C. how it happenedD. how did it happen11. I dont know when _. A. will the train leave B. the train will leave C. would the train leave D. the train leave12. Could you please teach me _ the computer. A. how checkB. to checkC. how to check D. to how checking13. _ hell come or not isnt important. A. Why B. If C. Whether D. What14. Would you like to know _they will do it or not. A. if B. that C. whether D. why15. I want to know_. A. what is his name B. whats his nameC. that his name isD. what his name is 16. Our homework ha
