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1、 现在完成时复习 ReviewofthePresentPerfectTense 现在完成时的构成 have has 动词的过去分词 注 动词过去分词的构成分为规则变化和不规则变化 规则变化的动词过去分词与过去式是一样的 不规则变化的动词须特殊记忆 规则动词过去分词的构成 1 一般在动词后直接加 ed 构成规则 2 以不发音的e结尾的动词 直接加 d 3 末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词 先双写这个辅音字母 再加 ed 4 结尾是 辅音字母 y 的动词 先变 y 为 i 再加 ed 例词 looklooked playplayed livelived hopehoped stopstopped
2、 planplanned studystudied carrycarried 写出下列动词的过去分词 worklikecrystaylearn usehelpfinishcookarrive worked liked cried stayed learned used helped finished cooked arrived 不规则动词过去分词的构成 1 三个主要动词 is ambeare waswere been have has had had do does did done 2 AAA型 三者一致 cutcutcut letletlet putputput costcostcost
3、 readreadread 3 ABA型 过去分词与原形一致 comecamecome becomebecamebecome runranrun 4 ABB型 过去分词与过去式一致 bringbroughtbrought findfoundfound hearheardheard keepkeptkept makemademade 此外还有leave win tell spend say meet等等 5 ABC型 三者不一致 eatateeaten givegavegiven writewrotewritten seesawseen getgotgotten beginbeganbegun
4、此外还有go take know speak swim等等 现在完成时的用法 1 表示已完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果 1 标志词 already yet 多用于陈述句 位于have has后 有时位于句末 e g Ihavealreadyfinishedmyhomework 用于疑问句和否定句 位于句尾 e g Haveyoufoundyourlostbookyet Ihaven thadbreakfastyet ever never 多用于疑问句 问初次经历 e g HaveyoueverbeentoBeijing 用于否定句 位于have has后 e g Hehasneverar
5、guedwithotherpeople just before 多用于陈述句 位于have has后 e g Lucyhasjustwashedherclothes 可用于各句式 位于句尾 e g Ihavereadthisbookbefore Hehasn tbeenabroadbefore HaveyouflowntoHainanbefore 2 无标志词的 e g Heisnotfeelingwellnow Hehascaughtacold Ihavelostthekey Ican tgointomyroom 2 表示从过去已经开始 持续到现在的动作或状态 标志词 1 for 一段时间e
6、 g Wehavelivedinthiscityfortenyears 2 since 过去点时间since 一段时间 agosince 从句 从句用一般过去式 e g Hehasworkedheresince1990 Shehastaughtinthisschoolsincetwoyearsago Wehaveknowneachothersincewemet 3 sofar once twice threetimes allone slife e g Theyhavelearnt2000wordssofar Tomhasseenthefilmtwice Herfatherhasworkedi
7、nthefactoryallhislife 4 inthepast 一段时间duringthelast 一段时间 e g Theyhavebuiltmanyhighbuildingsinthepastthreeyears Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinmyhometownduringthelasttwoyears 3 have hasbeentohave hasgonetohave hasbeenin 曾经去过某地 到某地去了 在某地呆了多长时间 1 A Where sJim LiLei B He hisschoollibrary 2 TheGreens Chinaf
8、orthreeyears 3 We theGreatWalltwice It sverybeautiful hasgoneto havebeenin havebeento 翻译下列句子 她曾经去过上海 ShehasbeentoShanghaibefore 他在上海10年了 HehasbeeninShanghaifortenyears 他去上海了 HehasgonetoShanghai 肯定句 主语 have has 过去分词 其他成分 现在完成时态的句式 否定句 主语 have has not 过去分词 其他成分 3 一般疑问句 Have Has 主语 过去分词 其他成分 4 特殊疑问句 特殊
9、疑问词 have has 其他成分 肯定句 Ihavecleanedmybedroom 否定句 Ihaven tcleanedmybedroom 一般疑问句 Haveyoucleanedyourbedroom 现在完成时和一般过去时的区别 现在完成时 强调这一动作产生的结果对现在的影响 与现在有关 一般过去时 仅仅表示在过去某一时刻曾发生过这一动作 与现在无关 HehasstudiedEnglishforfiveyears HestudiedEnglishforfiveyears 学习英语已经五年了 现在仍然在学 只说明他过去学过五年英语 但现在不学了 EXERCISE He work ino
10、urschoolforoneyear 2 He come toourschoollastyear in2002 3 They cook thesupperalready 4 They cook thesupperhalfanhourago hasworked came havecooked cooked 1 HaveyoumetMrLi just ago before amomentago 2 Thefamouswriter onenewbookinthepasttwoyear iswriting waswriting wrote haswritten 3 Ourcountry alotsof
11、ar Yes Ihopeitwillbeeven haschanged well changed good haschanged better changed better 4 HarryPotterisaverynicefilm I ittwice willsee haveseen saw see 5 ThesefarmershavebeentotheUnitedStates Really When there willtheygo didtheygo dotheygo havetheygone 6 you yourhomeworkyet Yes I itamomentago Did do finishedB Have done finished Have done havefinished will do finish B B
