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1、第 1 页 共 25 页 18 Techniques for Locating the Underlying Data of a Screen Field 18种根据屏幕字段 查找潜在数据的技巧 Dennis Barrett 翻译 强晟 qiangsheng Picture this An Operations Manager wants a special report of her service orders She gives you a sketch of what she wants it to look like columns rows headings grouping su
2、btotals totals and the like and points to fields on the Service Management transaction screens that have the data she wants you to show in the report 想象一下这样的情景 一 个业务经理希望得到一个 关于她的服务订单的专用 报表 她给了你一个报表 的草图 包括列 行 标 题 分组 小计 合计等 等 而 服务管理 事 务屏幕中的字段就包含了 她希望你在报表中显示的 数据 Dennis Barrett is an applications consul
3、tant with SAP America who focuses on Service Management Customer Service and the Service Provider solution He has been consulting in computers for over 15 years always blending applications and programming He is a certified ABAP programmer and is also the author of SAP R 3 ABAP 4 Command Reference 丹
4、尼斯 巴雷特是SAP美国的应用顾问 致力于服务管理 客户服务和服 务提供解决方案 他已经在计算机行业从事顾问工作15年 是认证ABAP程序员 也是 SAP R 3 APAP 4 命令参考 一书的作者 complete bio appears on page 18 关于他的完整简历请见25页 ERP百科h t t p w w w er p b a ike c o m 第 2 页 共 25 页 What do you do Most likely you would check to find any existing reports delivered with the system or al
5、ready written for this client that provide the information the Operations Manager wants or that can be copied and revised to fit her needs If you don t find any you might then look into the appropriate reporting system in this case the Plant Maintenance Information System PMIS to see if you can adap
6、t it In this case however you can t find the report and you can t cobble one together from existing ones You must write a report or an ABAP Query to fulfill the requirements 你该怎么做 通常的 你会检查系统中运行的 能够提供这个业务经理所需信息的现存报表 或者 是已经为这个client写过的 或者可以复制和修改后能符合需要的报表 如果没有找到 你也许会 在适当的报表系统 例如 工厂维护信息系统 PMIS 中看看是否能找到合
7、适的 即使这 样 你仍然无法找到报表 或者无法从现存报表中找到可修改的 那只能写一个报表或者一个ABAP 查询来实现这个需求 Now suppose the Operations Manager asks if you can somehow add just one more little function to her Create Measurement Documents transaction paste the associated sales order number into the MDoc text field This scenario requires you to c
8、reate an enhancement In both the first and second scenario you ll need access to specific data from the database tables How do you find that data with just the screen fields as your guide We all know the information associated with a transaction is stored in several sometimes many related tables So
9、when you need several fields from a transaction for a report or an enhancement you may need to find many of the transaction s tables and establish the links among them Those links are often not obvious 现在 设想一下业务经理问你是否以某种方式在 创建计量单位文档事务 中增加一个小小的功能 向MDoc文本字段中粘贴相关销售订单号 这个要求需要你创建一个增强功能 在前面两个情形中 你都需要访问数据库
10、表中的特定数据 你怎么以屏幕字段做指导来找到这些数据 我们都知道与一 个事务关联的信息都存储在几个 偶尔还会是很多个 相关的表里 这样 当你需要在报表或增强 功能中使用一个事务中的几个字段时 你需要找出许多事务的表并在它们之间建立关联 这些关联 通常都不会很明显 I ve come across these very situations on numerous occasions while working for several clients with the SD MM IM WM and Service Management now called Customer Service m
11、odules Over time I have gathered suggestions from colleagues and developed some techniques myself to find the data I needed I will share these techniques 18 of them in all with you now 我曾经在众多场合遇到这些情况 有时需要同时在SD MM IM WM和服务管理 现在叫客户服 务 等模块对多个client进行工作 随着时间推移 我收集了同事和自己在开发中寻找需要数据的建 议 我现在来跟你分享这些技巧 共18种 E
12、RP百科h t t p w w w er p b a ike c o m 第 3 页 共 25 页 The Starting Gate and Finish Line 起跑线和终点线起跑线和终点线 I will be presenting a wide variety of techniques for reaching the finish line of this exercise namely locating the table and field that stores the underlying data of a screen field You re unlikely to
13、need all of them you ll probably be successful within the first four techniques I include the remaining techniques because some fields can be very hard to chase down and any one of these other tools just might do the trick 我将会介绍达成本练习 终点线 的各种各样的技巧 也就是说 定位那些在屏幕字段中存储潜 在数据的表和字段 你未必需要所有这些方法 一般来说 前四种技巧已经足
14、够了 我之所以写其 他的技巧是因为有些字段非常难以追踪 而这些工具或许可以解决问题 The Starting Point 起点起点 The starting point for this set of techniques is always the Technical Information screen because it is here that you learn the screen field s name and can discern whether or not the underlying data object is a structure view or table
15、这套技巧的起点通常是技术信息屏幕 因为你可以从这里知道屏幕字段的名字 并且辨别出这个潜 在数据对象是不是一个结构 视图或者表 If the underlying data object is a table your search is over The field name shown on the Technical Information screen plus this table name arms you with the details you need If the data object is a view just one more click and you ve got
16、 that table name If the data object is a structure you still have to unearth the name of the table 如果潜在数据对象是一个表 你的查找就结束了 字段名称显示在技术信息屏幕中 还包括了表名 称 都是你需要的细节 如果数据对象是一个视图 只需要再点击一下就能得到表名称 如果数据 对象是个结构 你还不得不需要继续发掘表的名称 ERP百科h t t p w w w er p b a ike c o m 第 4 页 共 25 页 Technique 1 Check the Technical Information Screen 技巧一 检查技术信息屏幕技巧一 检查技术信息屏幕 I always start my search for the underlying data object by getting the names of the field and Data Dictionary object from the transaction screen Call up the Techni
