《大工10秋《大学英语4》辅导资料八》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《大工10秋《大学英语4》辅导资料八（10页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、大连理工大学网络教育学院第 1 页 共 9 页大学英语 4 辅导资料八主 题：对 Unit 3 的重点单词和短语的讲解学习时间：2010 年 12 月 6 日12 月 12 日内 容：NEW WORDS (对课文重点单词的解释)1. advance vt. put or bring forward; offer 提出e.g. She was too shy to advance her opinion at the conference.（她太害羞了以至于在会上没有提出她的看法。 ）It is known to all that the Theory of Relativity was adv
2、anced by Einstein.（众所周到相对论是由爱因斯坦提出的。 ）2. appeal vi. please, attract or interest 投合所好；有感染力；有吸引力e.g. I can not say smoking appeal to me very much. （我不能说吸烟对我有多大吸引力。 ） The music appeals to me very much.（这音乐非常吸引我。 ）3. authority n. power to influence; power to give orders and make others obey 权威；权力e.g. Th
3、e government is the highest authority in the country. （政府是国家的最高权力机构。 ）This old man is a leading authority on wheat diseases.（这位老人是小麦病虫害方面的权威。 ）4. burden n. sth. difficult to bear; load 重负；负荷e.g. I dont like being a burden on other people.（我不想成为别人的负担。 ）5. cast vt. cause (light or shadow) to appear (o
4、n) 投射词形变化：动词过去式 cast 过去分词 caste.g. The flames cast dancing shadows on the walls.（火焰在墙上投射出舞动的影子。 ）大连理工大学网络教育学院第 2 页 共 9 页His very presence cast a shadow on the meeting.（正是他的出席给会议投下了阴影。 ）6. cite vt. mention as an example; quote (a passage, book, etc.) 举出；引用e.g. The lawyer cite a previous case to suppo
5、rt his argument.（律师引用了以前的案例来支持他的论点。 ）Its no use citing the Bible to somebody who doesnt believe in God.（对不信上帝的人引用圣经的话是没用的。 ）7. credulous n. tending to believe sth. on little evidence, arising from credulity 轻信的e.g. They are credulous people who believe in the advertisement.（他们是一些轻信广告的人。 ）8. exaggera
6、te vt. think, speak or write of as greater than is really so; overstate 夸张；夸大e.g. The seriousness of the situation has been much exaggerated by the press.（形势的严重性被新闻媒体夸大了。 ）I couldnt sleep for three days - Im not exaggerating.（我三天都睡不着，我一点也没夸张。 ）9. exceptionally adv. unusually 格外地，特别地e.g. Though nearl
7、y 50, he was exceptionally vigorous in work.（别看他快五十岁了，工作却是雷厉风行。 ）The ballet school offers free places to children who are exceptionally talented.（该芭蕾舞蹈学校给有特殊天赋的儿童提供免 费学习的机会。 ）10. exchange n. the act of exchanging 交换大连理工大学网络教育学院第 3 页 共 9 页e.g. He gave me an apple in exchange of an orange.（他给我一个苹果，交换一
8、个橙子。 ）11. follow vi. result or occur as a consequence, effect, or inference 结果产生；得出e.g. The conclusion that follows from these findings is that inner city schools need more investment, not less.（这些发现得出的结果是内陆城市的学校需要更多的投资，而不是更少。 ）12. horizon n. the line where the sky seems to meet the earth or sea 地平线
9、e.g. The sun rose above the horizon.（太阳升到地平线上。 ）13. justify vt. give a good reason for; show to be just, right or reasonable 证明是正当的；为辩护e.g. Nothing can justify your cheating on an exam.（任何事情都不能成为你考试作弊的理由。 ）Can you justify your action? （你能证明你的行为是正当的吗？）14. outline vt. indicate the main ideas or facts
10、of 描述要点e.g. The new president outlined plans to deal with crime, drugs, and education.（新任总统大概描述了处理犯罪、毒品和教育方面的计划。 ）15. phenomenon n. 现象e.g. International terrorism is not just a recent phenomenon. （国际恐怖主义并不是近年才有的现象。 ）16. predict vt. announce or tell beforehand; forecast 预言e.g. The fortune-teller pred
11、icted that I would marry a doctor.（算命先生预言我会同一位医生结婚。 ）大连理工大学网络教育学院第 4 页 共 9 页The economists predicted an increase in the rate of inflation.（经济学家预言通货膨胀率将会增长。 ）17. preface n. an introduction to a book or speech 前言，序e.g. The preface of this book is very brief.（这本书的序言非常简短。 ）18. promptly adv. quickly and
12、willingly 敏捷地；迅速地e.g. The girls life was saved because the doctors acted so promptly.（由于医生们行动迅速，那个女孩子得救了。 ）词性变化：prompt a. 敏捷的，迅速的e.g. He is always prompt in answering letters.（他总是迅速回复来信。 ）19. refute vt. prove (a statement) to be untrue; prove (a person) to be mistaken 驳斥e.g. As for the Flat Earth th
13、eory, I believe I could refute it. （至于地平学说，我相信我能驳斥它。 ）I was able to refute his argument.（我能驳倒他的论点。 ）20. sake n. end, purpose 缘故e.g. He is going to live by the coast for the sake of his health.（他为了自己的健康，打算到海滨地区去居住。 ）21. statement n. expression in words; a written or spoken declaration, esp. of a form
14、al kind 陈述；表明e.g. The statement shows that the company is bankrupt.（该项声明显示这家公司破产了。 ）He refused to make a statement about the affair.（他拒 绝对此事发表声明。 ）大连理工大学网络教育学院第 5 页 共 9 页22. stray vi. wander away 远离e.g. Our cat strayed from home. （我们的猫从家中走失了。 ）23. superstitious a. full of superstition; believing in
15、superstitions 迷信的e.g. He has a superstitious thought that black cat are unlucky.（他有一种迷信的想法认为黑猫不吉祥。 ）24. theoretical a. of or based on theory 理论上的e.g. Its a theoretical possibility, but I dont suppose it will happen. （这是一种理论上的可能性，但我认为这种情况不会发生。 ）This book is too theoretical; I need a practical one.（这本
16、书理论性太强，我需要一本实用的。 ）25. widespread a. found or distributed over a large area 分布广的；普遍的e.g. The forests are widespread in our country.（我们的国家森林分布很广。 ）The high cost prevents the widespread use of the drug.（该药昂贵而影响广泛应用。 ） PHRASES & EXPRESSIONS1. follow up 深入研究或调查，采取进一步行动e.g. I followed up an advertisement for a second hand TV.（我仔细研究一则出售旧电视的广告。 ）The director will follow up the committees suggestions.（董
