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1、重难点04 阅读理解之议论文【命题趋势】议论文是英语中的重要文体，在每年的高考阅读理解中占有一定的比例。议论文就是说理性的文章，一般由论点、论据和论证过程组成。议论文都要提出论题、观点、提供充分的证据，使用一定的逻辑方法证明观点或得出结论。议论文的写法通常有以下三种形式：写法一：正方(甲方)，反方(乙方)，我认为 写法二：提出问题，分析问题，解决问题。写法三：论点，理由(证据)，重申论点。议论文的内容涵盖文化、历史、文学、科学和教育等各个方面。在这类体裁的文章中把握好论点、论据和论证很重要。此类体裁的文章中有关主旨大意和推理判断的题目会较多，这也是得分比较难的题型。在阅读这类文章的时候，我们要
2、认真把握作者的态度，领悟弦外之音，从而更好地依据文章的事实做出合理的推断。【满分技巧】注意事项：1. 避免读得太快，做题靠印象和直觉。(要求每一道题回到原文去找答案)2. 要先看题目，后读文章。(与先读文章，后看题目的比较)高考材料阅读方法：先通读全文，重点读首段、各段的段首段尾句，然后其他部分可以略读，再审题定位，比较选项，选出答案。要有把握文章的宏观结构、中心句的能力。3. 阅读中需要特别注意并做记号的有：(1)标志类、指示类的信息。表示并列关系：and, also, coupled with等；表示转折关系：but, yet, however, by contrast等；表示因果关系：t
3、herefore, thereby, consequently, as a result等；表示递进关系：in addition to, even, whats more, furthermore等；表示重要性的词：prime, above all, first等。以上关键词有助于我们对文章逻辑结构的把握。(2)具有感情色彩、显示作者态度的词：blind盲目的(贬), excessively过分的(贬), objective(客观)等。4. 常见问题：(1)读不懂怎么？问题本身太空泛，应该仔细分析问题到底在哪儿。首先要能意识到自身问题所在。unconscious incompetent (无意
4、识无能力)属于问题认知的第一阶段；conscious incompetent (有意识无能力)属于问题认知的第二阶段；conscious competent (有意识有能力)属于问题认知的第三阶段；unconscious competent (无意识有能力)属于问题认知的第四阶段。从认知的第三阶段达到第四阶段，是一个反复熟练的过程。(2)读懂了文章之后还做错题怎么办？(3)做完了一遍不愿意看第二遍怎么办？(4)做题技巧用不上怎么办？能够不由自主地按照正确的思路解题了，才表明我们正确掌握了这些技巧。在课堂听明白之后，还需要回去自己思考，针对自己的实际进行分析，从而对症下药。【热点话题】 议论文热
5、衷于社会现象类，社会热点类。【限时检测】（建议用时：30分钟）A（山西省实验中学2019届高三第一学期期中）话题：名人的窘境隐私得不到保护难度：建议用时：5分Although being famous might sound like a dream coming true, todays stars, feeling like zoo animals, face pressures that few of us can imagine. They are at the center of much of the worlds attention. Paparazzi(狗仔队) camp ou
6、tside their homes, cameras ready. Tabloids(小报) publish thrilling stories about their personal lives. Just imagine not being able to do anything without being photographed or interrupted for a signature!According to psychologist Christina Villareal, celebritiesfamous peopleworry constantly about thei
7、r public appearance. Eventually, they start to lose track of who they really are, seeing themselves the way their fans imagine them, not as the persons they were before everyone knew their names. “Over time,” Villareal says, “they feel separated and alone.”The phenomenon of tracking celebrities has
8、been around for ages. In the 4th century B. C., painters followed Alexander the Great into battle, hoping to picture his victories for his admirers. When Charles Dickens visited America in the 19th century, his sold-out readings attracted thousands of fans, leading him to complain(抱怨) about his lack
9、 of privacy. Tabloids of the 1920s and 1930s ran articles about film-stars in much the same way that modern tabloids and websites do.Being a public figure today, however, is a lot more difficult than it used to be. Superstars cannot move about without worrying about photographers with modern cameras
10、. When they say something silly or do something ridiculous, there is always the Internet to spread the news in minutes and keep their “story” alive forever.If fame is so troublesome, why arent all celebrities running away from it? The answer is that there are still ways to deal with it. Some stars s
11、tay calm by surrounding themselves with trusted friends and family or by escaping to remote places away from big cities. They focus not on how famous they are but on what they love to do or whatever made them famous in the first place.Sometimes a few celebrities can get a little justice. Still, even
12、 stars who enjoy full justice often complain about how hard their lives are. They are tired of being famous already.1. It can be learned from the passage that stars today _.A. can no longer have their privacy protectedB. are often misunderstood by the publicC. spend too much on their public appearan
13、ceD. care little about how they have come into fame2. What is the main idea of Paragraph 3?A. Great heroes of the past were generally admired.B. The problem faced by celebrities has a long history.C. Well-known actors are usually targets of tabloids.D. Works of popular writers often have a lot of re
14、aders.3. What makes it much harder to be a celebrity today?A. Huge population of fans. B. Inadequate social recognition.C. Lack of favorable chances. D. Availability of modern media.4. What is the authors attitude toward modern celebrity?A. Sincere. B. Skeptical.C. Sympathetic. D. Disapproving.【文章大意
15、】本文是一篇议论文，讨论了名人的窘境隐私得不到保护，生活经常被打扰，无时无刻不暴露在媒体之下，不敢随意说话，一不小心就会成为媒体永久的话题，这些都让名人的生活变得很难，他们不得不想尽办法躲避媒体的追踪。1. A推理判断题。根据第一段中的“They are at the center of much of the worlds attention. Paparazzi camp outside their homes, cameras ready. Tabloids publish thrilling stories about their personal lives.”可知，这些名人是全世界的注意力，狗仔队在他们家门口准备随时拍照，街头小报刊登他们的个人生活，经常被拍照，被打断要求签名等，由此可知他们的隐私得不到保护，故A项正确。2. B段落大意题。根据第三段中的“The phenomenon of tracking celebrities has been around for ages.”可知，本段讲的是追踪名人的现象由来已久，故B项正确。3. D细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Superstars cannot move about without worrying abo
