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1、湖南省蓝山一中八年级英语下册 Unit 9 Have you ever been to an amusement park（第七、八课时）导学案（无答案） 人教新目标版 第七、八课时 总课时： 现在完成时用法及综合练习 一 .现在完成时的完成用法 现在完成时的完成用法指的是动作发生在过去某一时刻并已结束，但该动作对现在产生了影响，与现在情况具有因果关系。例如： He has turned off the light.他已把灯关了。(动作结束于过去，但说明的是现在的情况：灯现在不亮了。) 现在完成时完成用法的特点是动作不延续，因此，该时态只能与表示不定的过去时间状语(如：already，yet，
2、before，recently等)、频度时间状语(如：never，ever，once等)、包括现在时刻在内的时间状语(如：this morning ，this month ，this year.，today等)连用。 例如： Have you found your pen yet？你已找到你的钢笔了吗？ 二现在完成时与一般过去时的用法比较1.一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调的是过去的动作；现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是现在的影响。 例：I saw this film yesterday.（强调：是昨天看的）I have seen this
3、 film. （强调对现在的影响：电影的内容已经知道了） She has returned from Paris.她已从巴黎回来了。（She is here.）She returned yesterday. 她是昨天回来了。The plane has arrived . 飞机已经来了。（说明现在的情况：飞机在这儿）The plane arrived a quarter ago. 飞机是一刻中以前来的。（强调：动作发生的时间在过去）I have lost my pen.(强调：我现在没有笔)I lost my pen.(过去笔掉了，没说明现在是否有笔)2.现在完成时不可和表过去的时间状语连用(b
4、efore , just等除外)，但一般过去时可与表过去的时间状语，如yesterday, last week, three days ago, just now等连用。如：A：Hello, Kate! Have you had supper? B：Yes, I have.A：When did you have it? （When是一个不确定的过去时间）练习：用过去时或现在完成时填空：1. “_ you _ (have) lunch ?” “Yes.” “When _ you _ (have) it?” “I _ (have) it at 12:00.”2. “_ you _ (write)
5、a letter to your aunt yet?” “Yes, I _. I _ (write) one last week.”3. “_ he _ (finish) his homework?” “Not yet.”4. “_ they ever _ (be) abroad?” “Yes, just once.”5. Your father _ just _ (finish) his work.6. Your father _ (finish) his work just now.7. Last term I _ (learn) many English words.8. They _
6、(not read) the interesting books yet.9. He _ never _ (go) to the science museum.10. _ you ever _ (drink) coke?11. “_ you _ (buy) a dictionary? “ “Yes, I _ .” “Where _ you _ (buy) it?” “ I _ (buy) it in a bookstore.” “When _ you _ (buy) it?” “ Yesterday.”三现在完成时的未完成用法 现在完成时的未完成用法指的是动作开始于过去某一时刻，一直延续到现在
7、，或可能还要继续下去。此种用法的句中常需一个表示一段时间的时间状语(由how long, since或for引导)，或表示与现在时刻相连的时间状语(如：these days，up to now，so far)等。例如：1.He has lived here since 1978. (动作起始于1978年，一直住到现在，可能还要继续住下去。) 2. I have taught here for 21 years.（表示二十一年前的动作一直延续到现在，还可能会继续。）3.She has passed the exam so far.到目前为止她已经通过了考试。四Since 和 for 的用法1.s
8、ince+过去的时间点 如：Mr. Smith has worked here since 1984. 1984年以来，史密斯先生一直在这工作。Hes learned about 5,000 English words since he went to college. 他上大学以来大约学了五千个英语单词。2.for+一段时间（数词+量词） 如：We have known each other for twenty years. 我们认识有二十年了。I havent seen her for a long time. 我好久没有见到她了。*此类划线部分用how long提问 练习：1) I h
9、ave been there for two days. _ _ _ you _ _ ?2) My father has lived here since 2000. _ _ _ your father _ _?3)He left here yesterday. _ _ he _ _?4) They bought a book two hours ago. _ _ they _ a book?练习：用since和for填空1) _ two years2) _ two years ago3) _ last month 4) _ 19995) _ yesterday6) _ 4 oclock7)
10、_ 4 hours8) _ an hour ago 9) _ lunch time1. He has lived in Nanjing _ the year before last.2. Ive known him _ we were children.3. Our teacher has studied Japanese _ three years.4. She has been away from the city _ about ten years.5. Its about ten years _ she left the city.五现在完成时的未完成用法只适用于延续性动词，不可用于终
11、止性动词（即瞬间完成或延续时间很短的动词）。如：come，go，arrive，leave，join，become，die等瞬间动词要转换成延续性动词。具体如下：join - be a member of buy - have fall ill - be ill die -be dead catch a cold -have a cold borrow - keep come - be here come back - be back come to China - be in China begin - be on come to work here - work here begin to
12、study here - study leave - be away （from）leave here - be away from here go to bed - be asleep become a worker - be a worker 练习：arrive at/in sw, get to/reach sw. be in sw./at school/at home/on the farm come/go/move to sw.be sw 1)He got to Beijing five minutes ago. He _ _ _ Beijing for _ _.2)I moved to the USA last year. I _ _ _ the USA since _ _.3)I went home yesterday. I _ _ _ home for _ _.4)They came here last week. They _ _ here since _ _.come/go back, return be backcome/go out be out1)He came out two years ago. He _ _ _ for _ _.2)We returned to Fuzhou yesterday. W
