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1、 IV Directions Explain the following terms using one or two examples for illustration 1 affix p37 2 affricate 3 applied linguistics 4 articulatory phonetics 5 aspiration 6 back formation 7 blending 8 bound morpheme 9 broad transcription 10 complementary distribution 11 componential analysis 12 conte
2、xt 13 Conversational implicature 14 deep structure 15 duality 16 free morpheme 17 homonymy 18 idiolect 19 illocutionary act 20 indirect speech act 21 inflection 22 linguistic sexism 23 morpheme 24 Move 25 narrow transcription 26 perlocutionary act 27 phatic communion 28 phoneme 29 phonology 30 pidgi
3、n 31 predication 32 presupposition 33 register 34 relational opposites 35 speech community 36 supresegmental features 37 tone 38 trace 39 utterance 40 voiceless VI Answer the following questions 1 According to Austin what are the three acts a person is possibly performing while making an utterance 2
4、 Comment with at least three examples on the following statement There is undoubtedly no single cause of language change 3 Do you think that the pictographic characters in Chinese such as contradict with one of the design features of language arbitrariness Why or why not 4 Explain what is sense and
5、what is reference with examples 5 Explain with examples the three notions of phone phoneme and allophone and also how they are related 6 For what reasons does modern linguistics give priority to speech rather than to writing 7 How do phonetics and phonology differ in their focus of study 8 How is la
6、nguage related to society 9 How is Saussure s distinction between langue and parole similar to Chomsky s distinction between competence and performance 10 How is utterance meaning different from sentence meaning 11 What are derivational affixes and inflectional affixes Give examples to show their di
7、fferent functions 12 What are the four major views concerning the study of meaning 13 What are the four maxims of the CP Try to give your examples to show how flouting these maxims gives rise to particularized conversational implicatue 14 What are the major branches of linguistics What does each of
8、them study 15 What are the three branches of phonetics How do they contribute to the study of speech sounds 16 What contribution did Saussure make to modern linguistics 17 What is blending abbreviation and back formation 18 What is entailment and what is presupposition Give examples to illustrate 19
9、 What is the difference between competence and performance according to Noam Chomsky 20 What is the difference between Sense and Reference in semantic study Explain with examples 21 What is the difference between sentence meaning and utterance meaning 22 What makes modern linguistics different from traditional grammar 23 Why is language defined as a system of arbitrary vocal symbols used for human communication 24 Why is syntax regarded as a system of rules 25 Why is the word order in Modern English more rigid than that in Old English
