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1、新课标高考英语重点短语用法总汇Aabove all表示“最重要的是;尤其”的意思。例如:The local government faces many tough problems, and above all, pollution problem.这一地区的居民面临许多问题,但首当其冲的是污染问题。A capable candidate should be outstanding in many ways, and above all, confidence.一个称职的竞选者应在许多方面表现突出,但最重要的是自信心。 according toaccording to是一个短语介词,意思是“按
2、照或根据”。例如:He will be punished according to the seriousness of his crime.他所受的惩罚要根据其犯罪的严重程度而定。I will take the medicine according to the instruction.我会按说明来服药的。我们又常常会碰到according as这一短语,那么这两者又有何联系呢?according as 是短语从属连词,后接从句。作“根据而”或 “视而定”解。例如:You will be praised or blamed according as your work is well don
3、e or not.根据你的工作表现好坏,将给予奖励或惩罚 。account for这个词的意思比较多,归纳起来,有以下用法:1. 解释,说明。例如:She was unable to account for 5000.她无法解释那5000美元的去处 。2. 是产生的原因,解释为什么有(某种情况)。例如:The police tried to account for the blood spot.警察试图解释这血迹是怎么来的。3. 占。例如: Students account for 50% of our customers. 在我们的顾客中,学生占了一半。 The tuition accoun
4、ts for two thirds of his income. 学费占了他三分之一的收入。act out表示“表演出来”;“比划着(用手势及语言表演或表达)”的意思。例如:The children were told to act out their favorite story.孩子们被要求表演他们最喜爱的故事。The football fan is trying to act out the match he saw on TV.这个足球迷正试图连比带划地把他在电视上看到的比赛讲出来。说到表演,则使人想起一个与之意思相关的另一个词组,也是高中阶段常用的词组之一,那就是act as,意思是
5、“充当,担任,扮演的角色”。例如:She acted as a princess in the short play.她在这部短剧中扮演公主。Many college students act as guides during their summer vacation.许多大学生在暑假里担任导游。add toadd to中的add是不及物动词,to为介词,一起构成及物动词词组,表示“增加,增添”的意思。例如:They also raise fish and poultry, thus adding to the total income.他们还养鱼,饲养家禽以增加收入。Her sons de
6、ath added to the old ladys sadness.这位老妇人因儿子之死而更加悲伤。注意区别它与addto以及add up to 的不同含义。addto的意思是“把加到上去”。例如:Would you please add a few notes to the article?请您给这篇文章加几条注释好吗?而add up to的意思是“加起来等于,总计达”。其中,add是不及物动词,up是副词,to是介词,一起构成及物动词词组。例如:The various building programs add up to several thousand new homes.各种各样的
7、建筑项目构筑成了几千座新屋.The total figures add up to 270.总数加起来是270。adventure与venture这两个词都有“冒险”的意思,都可用作名词和动词。那么它们之间究竟有何不同呢?adventure多用于褒义场合,指危险中非常激动人心的经历。例如:He talked about his adventure in the desert.他讲述了他在沙漠中的一些冒险经历。venture主要用于商业上的冒险和投机活动,特别指那些不是一下子发迹就是输得精光的投机活动。作动词时,还可表示“冒昧,敢于”的意思。例如;One lucky venture in Aus
8、tralia made his name overnight.在澳洲一次幸运的投机使他一夜成名。I venture to say that by the year 2500 there will be men living on the moon.我敢说,到公元2500年会有人在月球上居住。afford高中课文中出现的与此单词组成的词组是afford sb. to do sth.,表示“提供某人某物”。例如:Those efforts afforded us useful experience.这些努力使我们得到了一些有益的经验。These activities afforded him gr
9、eat pleasure in his old age.这些活动给他的晚年带来了很大的乐趣。在很多场合,afford表示“有经济条件做某事”。例如:Before liberation many people could not afford to send their children to school.解放前很多人由于付不起学费而不能送孩子上学。In those days we were too poor to afford medical treatment.那时候我们太穷,治不起病。agree to表示同意某一建议,安排等,意思接近consent to。例如:We agreed to
10、their suggestion.我们同意了他们的建议。Under no circumstances can we agree to such a principle.在任何情况下我们都不会同意这一原则。注意:在agree后接不同介词,词义会有所不同,如:agree with,表示同意某人的意见,我们可以说:I quite agree with him.我完全同意他的意见。又如: agree on或agree upon,它表示在某一点上取得或具有相同意见,可以说:They finally agreed upon the terms of the contract.他们最后就合同的条文达成了协议
11、。I dont agree with you on many things.在许多问题上我同你的意见有分歧。aim at提到aim at这个词组,便会使人想到aim for这一词组,两者都表示“目的是,旨在”的意思,但也存在一些细微的区别。aim at 是动介型短语动词,其后可接名词,代词或动名词。它除了表示“目的是,旨在”的意思外,还有“瞄准”之意。例如:He aimed at the lion and fired but missed it.他对准狮子开枪,但没有击中。He picked up a stone and aimed it at the dog.他捡起一块石头朝狗扔去。又如:W
12、e are aiming at a 50% increase in production.我们打算使产量增长百分之五十。allowallow既可作及物动词又可作不及物动词(多用于及物动词),它主要有三种意义:1. 允许;许可(1) 跟名词,动名词或代词。例如:We cannot allow such a thing.对这样的事我们不能袖手旁观。(2) 跟名(代)词+不定式。例如:Please allow me to congratulate you on your success.请允许我祝贺你的成功。(3) 跟名词(代词)+副词The doorman allowed us in one by
13、 one.看门人让我们一个一个地进去。2. 给予; 让有How much money does your father allow you for books?你父亲给你多少钱买书?They allowed us twenty minutes for lunch.他们给我们二十分钟的时间吃午饭。3. 承认(1) 跟名词或代词The judge allowed the claim.法官同意了这一要求.(2) 跟从句The officer allowed that it was an American tank.那军官承认这是一辆美国制造的坦克。(3) 跟带不定式的复合结构You must all
14、ow yourself to be in the wrong.你必需认错。表示允许的词很多,比如: permit,let,admit等。下面我们来看一看它们之间的差别。allow指“听凭”,“不禁止”,含有消极的意味。例如:My parents do not allow me to go out at night.我父母不允许我晚上出去。permit指正式地“允许”或根据法律规定“许可”, 比allow来得积极。例如:Smoking is not permitted in the cinema.电影院内禁止吸烟。试比较:Hunting is allowed in this area, thou
15、gh not officially permitted.这个地区是可以狩猎的,尽管法律上不允许。而let表示“允许”、“让”,指不予以阻止或反对,它比allow更具有口语色彩。answer foranswer for与answer to是两个比较容易混淆的词组。这两个词都是动介型短语动词,介词后接名词或代词作宾语。answer for是“对负责”、“因(错误)而负责”的意思。例如:Do you think parents should have to answer for their childrens behavior?你是否认为父母应对子女的行为负责?You will have to answer for your wrongdoing one day.终有一天会你会为你的错误行动付出代价。而answer to是“适应,符合”和“与一致”等意思。That answers precisely to our need.这正好符合我们的需要