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1、第 1 页 共 9 页英语主要从句 精讲精练从句的基本构成形式： 一、 （引导从句的）关联词 + 陈述句 常见的关联词：1、引导多种从句的常见关联词： what , when, where, who, which, why, how, that, as, since, whether, which, whatever, whenever, if, etc.2、引导一种从句（常为状语从句）的常见关联词：until, till, after, before, than, so long as, as far as, as soon as, the moment, every time, each
2、time, as if, now that, even if(thought), by the time, in order that, asas, once, in case, immediately, how long, etc.二、主语从句 NOTICE: What we need most are books.主语从句三要素： 1、关联词不能省略 2、谓语动词用单数 3、从句用陈述语序常见引导词:what, when, where，which, who, that，whether, how ，whatever, whoeverWhether it will do us harm or
3、good remains to be seen. Is what you told me really true?I dont think that whatever happens is right. 三、表语从句: 1、关联词不能省略 2、从句用陈述语序常见引导词: what, when, where,why, whether, how,that, because, which,What surprised me most was that he spoke English so well.The question is how what youve said can be put int
4、o practice.The reason (why ) he didnt come is that he was ill.It (This , That) is because iron contains more carbon than steel.四、同位语从句: 1、关联词不能省略 2、从句用陈述语序从句的名词后接同位语: fact, idea, word，promise, saying，problem, news常见引导词: that, whether, where, how, etc.The facts that he succeeded in the experiment ple
5、ased us.An idea came to her that she might do that in another way.Scientists have argued over the problem whether there is life on other planets.五、宾语从句1.从句用陈述语序: Free movie tickets will be given to whoever comes first.Parents generally buy whichever books their children want.I realized that what I s
6、aid was not exactly what I meant to say.I once read that “The beauty of life is its changes “ and that “The art of life lies in a constant readjustment(适应） to our surroundings.”Sleep-teaching will only hammer into(强硬灌输） your head what you have studied already while you are awake.2 . it 可做形式宾语代替宾语从句:
7、 We all thought it a pity that he didnt come.六、名词性从句的综合问题、whether 与 if: If 只能引导宾语从句，不能引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句The question is whether it is worth doing、which ,what 不能引导同位语从句，,what 不能引导定语从句。、whatever, whichever, whoever 可以引导名词性从句， “一切，任何，无论”Whoever telephones, tell them Im out. Whichever day you come, well
8、be pleased to se you.Whatever problem you have, you can always come to me for help.七、 What-clause1、what = something that /which（即含“内容”）2、可以引导主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句：What money I have has been given to you.3、在从句中担当主语、宾语、表语、定语：Show me what you have written.He is not what he was a few years ago. What matters mo
9、st is good health.FIU has opened (that ) what it says is the first computer art in the US.4.引导插入语： He is handsome, and what is more, very rich,_ was most important to her, she told me, was her family.A. It B. This C. What D. As （08 山东）C 此题考查主语从句连词的选择。关键在于看出 she told me 是插入语，从结构上不影响整个句子的表达。据题意“她告诉我，对
10、她来说最重要的是她的家庭”，第二个 was 是整个第 2 页 共 9 页句子的谓语动词。所选词须是连词用来引导主语从句。故可排除 A,B。as 不能引导主语从句，也可排除。what 引导名词性从句在从句中做主语。八、状语从句状语从句 引导从句的连词 备注时间after, as, before, once, since, till, until, when, whenever, while, as long as, as soon as, hardly(scarcely) when, No sooner than, the time (moment, instant, minute, day)h
11、ardly, no sooner 在句首，引导的从句要部分倒装since 引导的从句注意看启动词是否是瞬间动词还是延续性动词when 引导的从句注意其特殊用法一些名词也可以引导时间状语从句地点 where , wherever 后者表示强调方式 as, as if, as though, as 引导的方式状语从句多在句首原因 because, since, as, now (that)语气一个比一个弱for 可以引导原因状语从句，但它只能位于句末结果 so that, such (a) that, so that, thatsothat 中的 so 在句首，主句要部分倒装目的 so that,
12、 in order that, that, so, so that 使用最普遍条件 if , unless, in case , as long as, 注意分清 if 从句中是否该用虚拟语气让步 though, although, even if, even though, as, in spite of the fact, while,no matter wh- , as 引导的让步状语从句要倒装1. when; while; as; whenever when 从句 点动作，瞬间动作）主句 瞬间动作；延续动作）Ill speak to him when he arrives. When
13、(While , As) he stayed there, he began to study German. while 从句 段动作，延续动作 主句 瞬间动作；延续动作 While (When) we were in Paris, we saw him twice. The doorbell rang while (when) we were watching TV. as 从句 (多表示主从句动作同时进行)主句 She sang as she did her homework. As his brother was going out, it began to rain. wheneve
14、r(无论何时）： Whenever you (may) call(看她 ), youll find her sitting by the window. when 表示并列(just at that time)，用在句子中部I am going out (I am about to go out) when the phone rings. 两个短动作同时发生用 as，或 just as，有时也用 when，长动作同时发生用 whileI thought of it just as you opened your mouth. He stood quietly while the guards
15、 searched his clothes. while 可表示对比转折 She is in red while her sister is in yellow. while 还可表“ 趁.时” We should go and look at the monkeys while they are still there. while 表“尽管，虽然” （多放在句首）While they are my neighbours, I dont know the well. while 表示“只要” While there is life ther is hope. as 表示两种发展或变化的情况， “随着.” As it grew, it became loder. when 引导的从句，用一般时态表示未来的事情 Come to me when you like.2. till (until); not till(until)1).肯定：主句谓语动词
