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1、发展心理学重点分析（Developmental psychology, key analysis）Developmental psychology1, developmental psychologyNarrow sense: studies the human individual from the zygote formation to the birth, the mature, the aging life, the entire process, the psychology and the behavior, the occurrence and the development r
2、ule and the characteristic, as well as each stage of life psychological age characteristic. In short, it is to study the characteristics and laws of the development of an individuals lifelong psychology.2, individual development: individual from birth to adulthood until the aging of the physical and
3、 mental changes process. Development not only refers to the former process, but also to the change of recession and extinction.3, the basic nature of development: (1) continuity and stage of development (2) directional and sequential development(3) imbalance of development (4) difference of developm
4、ent;4, (1) theoretical genetic determinism: Galton (F, Gal, ton), Holzer (2), environmental determinism: Skinner (B., F., Skinner)(3) two factor theory: Wu Weishi (R. S. Woodworth) kirsten. (4) interaction theory: Piaget (J., Piaget) Wallon (H.);(5) the ecological system theory: American psychologis
5、t Bronfenbrenner (Urie Bronfenbrenner, 1979.1989.1993) the impact on the environment has made a detailed analysis on the development of human nature that is one of the main sources of influence, a series of environmental systems emphasize the individual nested development and mutual influence, in th
6、ese systems, system and individual interaction and influence of individual development. At the same time, he acknowledges that biological and environmental factors interact with human development.Micro system is the direct environment of individual activities and communication, including family, nur
7、series, kindergartens, schools, and contacts with peers, groups and community playmates. Children are influenced not only by people in the micro system, but also by their biological and social characteristics - habits, temperament, physical characteristics and abilities, which also influence the beh
8、avior of their peers.Intermediate system: the association or relationship of a micro system, such as a family, school, or peer group. If there is a strong support relationship between the micro systems, the development may be optimized.Outer system: the social system in which children and adolescent
9、s are not directly involved but affect their development, such as the working environment of parents, the income of the family, the overall plan of schools, and the income of schools.Macro system: the great cultural or sub cultural environment and social stratum background of individual development.
10、 It is actually a vast ideology. It sets out how to treat children, give them to children, and why children should work hard.5, the factors affecting psychological development, genetic and environmental interaction6, age characteristics: refers to a certain social and educational conditions, in the
11、different stages of individual development in the formation of the typical typical nature of the psychological characteristics.In 7 and 1882, German psychologist Pryor (Preyer, 1842-1897) published childrens psychology published, marking the birth of scientific child psychology.8, the development of
12、 psychological research design (a) cross-sectional study design, at the same time, the subjects of different ages were tested and compared to explore their psychological development of the law or characteristics. (two) longitudinal research design is a systematic and regular study of the psychologic
13、al development of the same individual or group of individuals in a relatively long period of time, so as to explore the law of psychological development. Its also called follow up research. (three) a series of cross sectional studies designed to combine cross-sectional study design with longitudinal
14、 research design. (four) cross cultural research refers to a subject through the study of different social and cultural background of the subjects, in order to investigate the influence of common law of individual psychological development and different social life conditions on individual psycholog
15、ical development.9, embryo: third weeks, until the eighth weekend, during this period, the embryo is still in a state of rapid growth, basically all the important organs have begun to take shape, the heart also began to beat. The size of the baby has increased by 20 thousand times. The embryonic sta
16、ge is the fastest growing period in human life.10, the maturation of childrens brain areas is carried forward from behind. The procedure is: occipital lobe temporal lobe parietal lobe frontal lobe.11, the law of movement development (1) from top to bottom: movement development is always along the rise - turn over - sit - climb - station - walking direction mature. (2): the action from the near to the distant deve
