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1、历年阅读真题长句分析 2006年12月 1 Usingthisinformation theamygdalaappraisesasituation Ithinkthischargingdogwantstobiteme andtriggersaresponsebyradiatingnervesignalsthroughoutthebody 分析 句子的主干为theamygdalaappraisesasituation andtriggersaresponse Usingthisinformation是方式状语 两个破折号中间的为插入语 用来解释说明situation 可以忽略不计 2 Those
2、would beexecutiveshad saysEtzioni littleinterestinconceptsofethicsandmoralityintheboardroom andtheirprofessorwasmetwithblankstareswhenheurgedhisstudentstoseebusinessinnewanddifferentways 分析 句子的主干为Thosewould beexecutiveshadlittleinterest andtheirprofessorwasmet 逗号中间的saysEtzioni是插入语 在第二个分句中 when引导的是时间
3、状语从句 翻译时注意中英的区别 在中文里 状语从句一般都前置 而英语则相对灵活 位置可前可后 3 Fromofferingclassesthatteachstudentshowtolegallymanipulatecontracts toreinforcingthenotionofprofitovercommunityinterests Etzionihasseenalotthat slefthimshakinghishead 分析 句子的主干是Etzionihasseenalot 前面两个that引导的定语从句 由from to 连接 第一个that引导的是定语从句 先行词是classes
4、howto 是teach的间接宾语 teachsbsth 第二个that引导的也是定语从句 先行词是alot 2008年6月 1 AndyettherearesubstantialsectorsofthevastU S economy fromgiantcompanieslikeCoca colatomom and poprestaurantoperatorsinMiami forwhichtheweakdollarismostexcellentnews 分析 句子主干是 herearesubstantialsectors 两个破折号间的内容是插入语 可以忽略不计 Forwhich引导的是定语
5、从句 先行词是substantialsectors 2008年12月 1 Sustainabledevelopmentisappliedtojustabouteverythingfromenergytocleanwaterandeconomicgrowth andasaresultithasbecomedifficulttoquestioneitherthebasicassumptionsbehinditorthewaytheconceptisputtouse 分析 句子的主干是 developmentisappliedto and ithasbecome 前半句中everything是核心词
6、 后面的from to growth是它的修饰语 asaresult注意前后因果关系 theconceptisputtouse是定语从句 因为先行词theway后可以省略关系代词that 2 TellesfearsthatMexican AmericansmaybefatedtofollowinthefootstepsofAmericanblacks thatlargepartsofthecommunitymaybecomemired 陷入 inaseeminglypermanentstateofpovertyandunderachievement 分析 句子的主干是Tellesfearsth
7、at 第一个that引导的宾语从句作fears的宾语 破折号后面的内容对前面的进行解释说明 ofpovertyandunderachievement是state内容的具体表现 of看前不看后 2009年6月 1 Forhundredsofmillionsofyears turtles 海龟 havestruggledoutoftheseatolaytheireggsonsandybeaches longbeforetherewerenaturedocumentariestocelebratethem orGPSsatellitesandmarinebiologiststotrackthem o
8、rvolunteerstohandcarrythehatchlings 幼龟 downtothewater sedgelesttheybecomedisorientedbyheadlightsandcrawltowardsamotelparkinglotinstead 分析 句子的主干是 turtles 海龟 havestruggled 注意before的用法 后面的主语是用or连接的三个名词 naturedocumentaries GPSsatellitesandmarinebiologists和volunteers 主语后用不定式作后置定语 Lest用了虚拟语气 2 ButNatureis
9、indifferenttohumannotionsoffairness andareportbytheFishandWildlifeServiceshowedaworrisomedropinthepopulationsofseveralspeciesofNorthAtlanticseaturtles notablyloggerheads whichcangrowtoasmuchas400pounds 分析 句子主干是Natureisindifferent andareport showed whichcangrowtoasmuchas400pounds为非限制性定语从句 修饰loggerhea
10、ds 3 Ultimatelywemustgetahandleonthoseissuesaswell oracreaturethatoutlivedthedinosaurswillmeetitsendatthehandsofhumans leavingourdescendantstowonderhowacreaturesouglycouldhavewonsomuchaffection 分析 句子主干是wemustgetahandle oracreature willmeetitsend Or在这里表示结果 否则 thatoutlivedthedinosaurs 为定语从句 修饰前面的creat
11、ure leavingour affection为现在分词作结果状语 howacreaturesouglycouldhavewonsomuchaffection为宾语从句 作wonder的宾语 4 Buteconomistssayfamiliesabouttogointodebttofundfouryearsofpartying aswellasstudying canconsolethemselveswiththeknowledgethatcollegeisaninvestmentthat unlikemanybankstocks shouldyieldhugedividends 分析 句子
12、主干是 economistssay Families dividends为省略了引导词的宾语从句 tofundfouryears为不定式作目的状语 thatcollege dividends为同位语从句 解释前面的knowledge That shouldyieldhugedividends为定语从句 修饰investment 5 A2008studybytwoHarvardeconomistsnotesthatthe labor marketpremiumtoskill ortheamountcollegegraduatesearnedthat sgreaterthanwhathighsch
13、oolgraduatesearned decreasedformuchofthe20thcentury buthascomebackwithavengeance 报复性地 sincethe1980s 分析 句子主干是A2008study notes that引导一个很长的宾语从句 在这句从句中 主语是the labor marketpremiumtoskill 谓语有两个decreased和hascomeback 由but连接 两个破折号之间为插入语 解释说明 labor marketpremiumtoskill 在插入语中 what引导宾语从句 2009年12月 1 Aspecialistw
14、hoperformsaprocedureina30 minutevisitcanbepaidthreetimesmorethanaprimarycarephysicianusingthatsame30minutestodiscussapatient sdisease 分析 句子主干是Aspecialist canbepaidthreetimesmorethanaprimarycarephysician Who引导定语从句 先行词为specialist using disease为现在分词作physician的后置定语 2 Removethepressureforprimarycarephysi
15、cianstosqueezeinmorepatientsperhour andrewardthemforoptimally 最佳地 managingtheirdiseaseandpracticingevidence basedmedicine 分析 句子主干是Removethepressure andrewardthem 两个并列的现在分词managing 和practicing 作for的介词宾语 3 SinceDecember whenthereportcameout themayor neighborhoodactivistsandvariousparent teacherassocia
16、tionshaveengagedinafiercebattleoveritsvalidity overtheguiltofthesteel castingfactoryonthewesternedgeoftown overunionjobsversuschildren shealthandoverwhat ifanything oughttobedone 分析 句子主干是themayor neighborhoodactivistsandvariousparent teacherassociationshaveengagedin 为三个并列的主语 冒号后的三个并列的over进一步说明battle的内容 what引导宾语从句 作最后一个over的介宾 2010年6月 1 Toclassifyparentingaspersonalchoiceforwhichthereisnocollectiveresponsibilityisnotmerelytoignorethesocialbenefitsofgoodparenting really itistostealthosebenefitsbec
