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1、学海无涯 Period Two Learning about Language 情态动词 1 can 与 could 它们的否定式为 can not cannot could not 简略式为 can t couldn t 主要用法如下 1 表示能力或可能性 2 表示许可 3 can 与 be able to 表示能力时 can 常指现在 较 be able to 更常用 如果只表示能力 两者可互换 仅表过去的能力用 could 但表过去的能力或特定行为时 用 was were able to 若指将来的能力则只能用 shall will be able to be able to 还可用于完
2、成时态 而 can 不能 When he was young he could sing very well 表能力 他年轻时 歌唱得很好 Man can not live without air 表可能性 没有空气 人不可能生存 You can sit here 表许可 你可以坐在这儿 After finishing his courses he will be able to speak French well 表能力 用于将来时 修完这些课程后 他将能讲流利的法语 He could was able to take care of himself when he was ten 表过去的
3、一般能力 他 10 岁就能照顾自己了 注意 在肯定句中 表示特定的某一过去能力要用 was were able to 而不用 could was were able to 含有 经过努力做到 的意思 但在否定句中 could 不受这一限制 He was able to swim halfway before he collapsed 他游到中途就支持不住了 2 may 与 might 其否定式为 may not might not 简略式为 mayn t mightn t 主要用法如下 1 表示许可时 用于第一人称 指我 们 被允许做某事 用于其他人称 则指说话者允 许主语做某事 2 在用于请
4、求许可时 may 可与 can could 换用 3 表示可能性时 可用 may might 动词原形指现在或将来可能发生的动作或情况 You may open your eyes now 表许可 你现在可以睁开眼睛了 Might I go with you 表请求 语气比 may 更委婉 我可以和你一起去吗 The story may not be true 表可能性 这个故事可能不是真的 3 will 与 would 1 表示请求 建议等 用于第二人称 would 比 will 委婉客气 2 表示意志 愿望和决心 3 will 表示习惯性动作 规律或某种倾向 通常用于第三人称 would
5、表示过去的习惯 性动作 规律或某种倾向 4 用 will be 和 will have done 的结构表示推测 主要用于第二 三人称 前者表示对 目前情况的推测 后者表示对在将来完成的动作或情况的推测 Will you please go with me 和我一块去好吗 表请求 I will never do that again 我不会再做那件事 表决心 My grandpa will talk for hours if you give him the chance 学海无涯 如果你给我爷爷机会 他会讲上好几个小时 表规律或倾向 We would play football on Sun
6、days 星期天我们总是踢足球 表过去习惯性动作 He would be at home 他可能在家 表推测 4 must can t 和 mustn t must 可以表示对现在 过去或将来的猜测 其否定形式不是 mustn t 而是 can t can t 表示 不能 是指无能力 mustn t 表示 不能 指的是 禁止 不允许 在口语里 can t 也可表示 禁止 不允许 但语气不如 mustn t 强 5 shall 与 should 1 shall 用于第一 三人称的疑问句中 表示说话者征求对方的意见或向对方请示 2 shall 用于第二 三人称的陈述句中 表示对对方的命令 警告 威
7、胁或允诺 3 should 表示劝告 建议 命令 同 ought to 在疑问句中常用 should 代替 ought to 4 should have done 表示过去应该做而实际没有做 should not have done 表示过去不该 做而实际做了 Shall she come right now 她马上要来吗 表征求对方意见 You shall do as your father says 你要照你父亲说的去做 表命令 We should learn how to use computers 我们应该学会如何使用电脑 表命令 You should not have waited
8、for me 你本来不必等我 本来不该做而做了 用情态动词的适当形式填空 1 We can not thank you too much for all your help given to us 2 The teacher said that we could not leave early 3 There must have been something wrong with the engine of his car It suddenly stopped working halfway 4 It s really strange that they should have left w
9、ithout saying goodbye to us 5 You should arrive at the airport two hours before he goes 6 It s nearly five o clock The taxi should be here soon 7 Wang Feng wins an award every year He must be very strong 8 These problems shall be solved as soon as possible no matter how busy you are That s my order
10、9 After they mastered some skills they would communicate with each other about them 10 No matter how hard we push the donkey it will not move It s really stubborn 词语填空 gain celebration origin custom take place religious energetic agriculture independence admire belief starve ancestor arrival award 1
11、 A fatal accident took place at this crossing three years ago 2 I would rather starve than beg 3 I love the Chinese new year celebration 4 She is very religious and goes to church three times a week 5 Do you know the origin of Easter 6 People who share an ancestor are called relatives 7 The story of
12、 his miseries is beyond my belief 8 The secretary informed me of his arrival 9 He has gained rich experience in these years 学海无涯 10 You should learn to be independent of your parents 11 Modern agriculture is spoiling our beautiful countryside 12 She has been awarded a scholarship to study at Harvard
13、 13 You have to admire the way he handled the situation 14 His son is an energetic child 15 Social customs vary greatly from country to country 介词填空 1 One of the actors was unwell and couldn t go on with the performance 2 Once again I went over exactly what I needed to say 3 You should listen to the
14、 teacher if you want to learn 4 She thought of her childhood when she saw the movie 5 What do you think of my singing 6 Have you thought about what job you are going to do 7 The men all turned to look at her as she entered the room 8 Could you help me look for my wallet 9 Don t worry I ll look after
15、 the kids tomorrow 10 Children must depend on their parents 11 I tried calling him but he d already left for work 12 The baby reached for the apple but he couldn t get it 翻译句子 1 You cannot praise him too much 你怎么表扬他都不过分 2 You cannot be too careful when crossing the street 过马路时越小心越好 3 I can never tha
16、nk him enough 我对他感激不尽 4 Will you speak up a bit 请你说大声一点 好吗 5 Could you drive a little faster 请你开快一点好不好 6 He can t be more careless 他太粗心了 7 She couldn t help but realize that something was wrong 她不禁察觉到出了毛病 8 We shall not fail 我们绝不会失败 9 You shall pay for it 你一定会受到惩罚的 10 You shall not play a joke on him 你不要开他的玩笑 单项填空 1 Must he come to sign this paper himself Yes he A need B must C may D will 答案 B 解析 句意为 他必须亲自来签这个文件吗 是的 他必须亲自签 回答以 must 提问的问句时 肯定答复用 must 否定用 needn t 或 don t have to 2 You know he is n
