《初中英语语法--形容词和副词的用法讲析及练习》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《初中英语语法--形容词和副词的用法讲析及练习（12页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、 形容词和副词【新课标考点】1.掌握形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的变化规则；2.熟练掌握形容词作定语、表语及宾语补足语的用法；3.熟练掌握表示时间、地点、方式、程度、疑问等副词的用法；4.能熟练运用表示两者之间的比较，或表示三者或三者以上的比较的句型；5.初步掌握运用much，a little等副词来修饰形容词、副词比较级的用法；6.初步掌握常用的同义副词用法上的区别：如also，too，either，already，yet等，以及一些其他表达方式。【新课标知识】形容词：用来修饰名词等表示人和事物的性质、特征的英语单词。如：nice，好看的； big，大的；afraid，害怕的等。一 形容词的
2、种类及作用1.性质形容词：直接说明人和事物的性质特征的形容词，有等级变化；可作定语，表语和宾语补足语。The handbag is very beautiful. 这个包很漂亮。（表语）Mr Chen always makes our English class interesting. 陈老师总使得我们的英语课堂生动有趣。（宾语补足语）2.叙述形容词：只能作表语，又叫表语形容词；大多数以a开头，如：afraid害怕；alone单独的；alive活着的；asleep睡着的；awake醒来的；well健康的；ill病的；二、形容词的位置（1）名词之前：Good idea好主意！Beijing i
3、s a beautiful city.北京是一个美丽的城市。（2）不定代词之后：There is something wrong with my bike.我自行车有问题。（3）表语后置：The building is three hundred meters tall.这栋楼房三百米高。副词:副词是一种用来修饰动词,形容词,副词或全句的词,说明时间,地点,程度,方式等概念。 一、副词的分类和作用: 1) 时间和频度副词: now,then,often,always,usually,early,today,lately,next,last,already, ever, never, yet,
4、soon , too, hardly, finally, shortly, before, ago, sometimes, yesterday. 2) 地点副词: here, there, everywhere, anywhere, in, out, inside, outside, above, below, down, back, forward, home, upstairs, downstairs, across, along, round , around, near, off, past, up, away, on. 3) 方式副词: Carefully , suddenly, n
5、ormally, fast, well, politely, proudly, softly, warmly 4) 程度副词: much, little, very, rather, so, too, still, quite, enough, almost5) 疑问副词: how, when, where, why. 6) 关系副词: when, where, why. 7) 连接副词: how, when, where, why, whether. 副词的用法: 副词在句中可作状语。 You speak English quite well.你英语讲的很好。 二、副词的位置: 1) 多数副
6、词都可以放在动词的后面,如果动词带有宾语,副词就放在宾语后面。 I get up early in the morning everyday.我每天早早起床。 I have seen this film twice with my friends.这部电影我和朋友看过两次。 2) 副词修饰形容词,副词时,放在前面,而被修饰的词在后面。 Its rather easy, I can do it.这很容易,我能做到。 He did it quite well.他做得相当好。 3) 频度副词可放在实义动词前面,情态动词和助动词后面。 I often help him these days.这些日子我
7、经常帮助他。 I always remember the day when I first came to this school. 我常常记得我第一次来学校的那一天。 4) 疑问副词,连接副词,关系副词以及修饰整个句子的副词,通常放在句子或从句的前面。 When do you study everyday?你每天什么时间学习? How much does this bike cost?这辆车子多少钱？ 5) 时间副词和地点副词在一个句中, 地点副词在前面，时间副词在后面。 We went shopping in the supermarket at 9 oclock yesterday. 昨
8、天九点钟我们到超市买东西了. What were you doing in the classroom yesterday evening? 昨天下午你在教室里干什么？ 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级1、规则变化：（一直加二去e三变y四双写）一般的比较级和最高级在形容词或副词后加-er或-est，如：small smaller smallest以不发音-e结尾的形容词或副词去掉e加 er或 est，如：large largest largest以辅音字母加 y 结尾的形容词和副词，把“y”变“i”，再加 er或-est.如：busybusierbusiest 重读闭音节词尾是一个辅音字母的，需双
9、写该辅音字母，再加-er或-est，如bigbiggerbiggest；hothotterhottest.2、 一些双音节及多音节形容词或副词前要加more和most，如： slowly more slowly most Slowlydifficultmore difficultmost difficultbeautifulmore beautifulmost beautiful；中考易混点：hungry-hungrier-hungriestFrirendly-more friendly-most friendlyCrowdly-more crowdly-most crowdly 3、不规则的
10、变化：good / wellbetterbestmany/muchmoremostbad / ill / badlyworseworstlittlelessleastfar farther / further farther / furthestold-older/elder-oldest/eldest(记忆妙招：两好、两坏、两多、一远、一老、一少)、形容词和副词的等比句型asas 和一样例如： Im as tall as you. 我和你一样高not as（so）as 不和 一样（在否定句中常用so 来代替as）如，I cant run so fast as you.我没有你跑得快。另外as
11、as possible 为固定结构，如，as soon as possible， as quickly as possible 等。在以上两个句型中形容词或副词一定要用原级。、形容词和副词的其它句型还有： 形容词/ 副词 比较级 + than 句型 ，在than 后面的人称代词用主语和宾语均可。如：He is older than I / me. 但是如果人称代词后有动词时，则只能用主格形式。如： Tom found more red leaves than I did.汤姆比我找到红叶多“the+比较级，the +比较级” 结构表示两个变化一起发生。如：The more you learn，
12、the more youll know.学得多知道得也多。“more and more”结构（指两个形容词比较级用and 连接）表示持续不断的变化。 如： Im getting thinner and thinner. 我越来越瘦。Beijing is getting more and more beautiful。北京变得越来越美。4.主+be+the+最高级+in/of (三者比较)Eg:Shanghai is most beautiful city in China.5.one of the+最高级+名词复数，表示“之一”Eg:Zhou Jielun is one of the most
13、 popular singers6.形容词比较级表示最高级Eg:A:Li Lei is the tallest student in his class.B:Li Lei is taller than any other student in his class. 李雷比班上任何一个学生都高。C:Li Lei is taller than the other students in his class. 李雷比班上其他所有的学生都高。7表示两者间“较的一个”比较级前加the。如：whoistheolderofthetowboys?、修饰形容词和副词的比较级的副词要用much， a lot， a
14、 little， a bit， far等，very不能和比较级连用。如： The blouse I bought yesterday is a little less expensive. 昨天我买的衬衣比较便宜。形容词的一些搭配，如：be glad / happy/ pleased to do 很高兴做某事be sorry to do 很抱歉，很遗憾做某事be sure to do 一定/相信会做某事be ready to do 准备好做某事，乐于做某事get ready to do 为做好准备等等。【新课标考题】基础训练一、用所给单词的适当形式填空：1. John is _(tall) than Sam. 2. Lin Lin is the _ (young) in our class.3. The man took off his shoes and put them under his bed very _(quiet).4. Ann felt very _ (happy) at her birthday party.5. Which is _ (far) from us, the sun or the moon?6. She looks _ (thin) than me.7. It snowed _ (heavy) last night and n
