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1、 广州 初一英语 七下U7专题学案祈使句和感叹句一 祈使句 英语中的祈使句是是指用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子，祈使句最常用于表达命令，因此在学校文法中也常称为命令句。祈使句因对象（即主语）是第二人称，所以通常都省略。祈使句的动词都为一般现在时，句末则使用句号来表示结束。祈使句无主语, 主语you常省去，动词原形谓语当，句首加dont否定变肯定，朗读应当用降调，句末常标感叹号。 肯定结构: 1. Do型(即:动词原形(+宾语)+其它成分)。 如:Please have a seat here. 请这边坐。 有的祈使句在意思明确的情况下,动词可省略。 如:This way, ple
2、ase. = Go this way, please. 请这边走。 2. Be型(即:Be + 表语(名词或形容词)+其它成分)。 如:Be a good boy! 要做一个好孩子! 3. Let型(即:Let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它成分)。 否定结构: 1. Do型和Be型的否定句都是在句首加Dont构成。 如：Dont forget me！ Dont be late next time！ 2. Let型的否定式有两种:“Dont + let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它成分”和“Let + 宾语 + not + 动词原形 + 其它成分”。 如：Dont let him go！
3、 Let him go！ 3. 有些可以用no开头用来表示禁止性的祈使句。 如：No smoking！ No fishing！ 祈使句的反意疑问句无论陈述句是肯定还是否定，附加疑问句都用will you？ 即学即练： . 根据汉语意思完成下列英语句子，每空一词。1. 这边请！ _ _, please! 2. 我来帮你吧。_ _ help you.3. 我们休息一下吧。_ _ a rest. 4. 让她走吧。_ _ leave. 5. 要永远记住那个可怕的日子。 _ _that terrible day. 6. 务必告诉他这个消息_ _ him the news!. 单项选择 ( ) 7. _
4、this kind of peach, and you will like it. A. To try B. Trying C. Try D. Tried ( ) 8. _the radio, please. The baby is sleeping now. A. Not turn on B. Dont turn on C. Not turn down D. Dont turn down ( ) 9. Please bring your homework to school tomorrow, Steven. OK, I _. A. willB. wontC. doD. dont ( ) 1
5、0. Peter, dont step on the grass. _. A. It doesnt matter B. I cant do it C. Dont worry D. Sorry, I wont do it again.单项选择：( ) 1. when mum was young, she_ a teacher in a high school. A. worked as B. works as C. will work as D. is working as ( ) 2. _ there many American friends in the school last Frida
6、y? A. Is B. Was C. Are D. Were ( ) 3. She would like _ Asome breads Bany porridge Cto drink some tea Dthree glasses of orange juices ( ) 4. -How many children _ in the picture? -Three. A. has there B. is there C. have there D. are there ( ) 5. In 1850, about a third of U. S. A_ covered by forests. A
7、. were B. has been C. / D. was ( ) 6. Most of our earth_ covered by water. A. are B. is C. was D. were ( ) 7. Mandy _ a rest when she _time A. use to take, has B. uses to take, has C. used to take, had D. used to took, had( ) 8. Neither_right. A. answers are B. answers arent C. answer is D. answer i
8、snt ( ) 9The population of the world _ still _ now. A. has; grown B. will; grow C. is; growing D. is grown ( ) 10Lets _ the lost books Ato go and find Bto go and to find Cgo and find Dgo and go find ( ) 12. Lets go out and enjoy the sunshine. _. Its boring to stay at home. A. Sounds great B. Not at
9、all C. Forget it D. No way ( ) 13. _ late for school again, Tim! Sorry, I promise that I _. A. Dont; wont B. Dont be; wont C. Dont be; dontD. Dont; will ( ) 14. Boys and girls, _ up your hands if you want to go for a picnic this weekend. A. putting B. to put C. putD. puts 中考链接：近三年中考未涉及到祈使句。二 感叹句 感叹句
10、是表示喜、怒、哀、乐等情感的句子。感叹句一般用how或what开头。 1. what 引导的感叹句结构有： （1）What + a/an +形容词+可数名词单数+其他！ What a great artist he is！ 他是个多么伟大的艺术家！ （2）What + 形容词 + 可数名词复数 + 其他！ What interesting books you bought us! 你给我们买的书真有趣 （3）What + 形容词 + 不可数名词 + 其他！ What fine weather it is！所么晴朗的天气啊！ 2. how 引导的感叹句结构有： （1）How + 形容词 + 主语
11、 + 谓语！ How beautiful the flowers are！这些花是多么美丽呀！ （2）How + 副词 + 主语 + 谓语！ How heavily it is raining！雨下得多大啊！ 3. how 和what 都用来引导感叹句，它们有什么区别呢？how在这里是一个副词，用来修饰形容词和副词；而what是用来修饰名词，所以即使是同样的句子，how和what引导的句子结构是不一样的。例如： （1）多美丽的玫瑰花呀！ How beautiful the rose is！ What a beautiful rose it is！ （2）多么晴朗的天气呀！ How sunny
12、the weather is！ What sunny weather it is！ （3）这些学生是多么的聪明呀！ How clever the students are！ What clever students they are! 4. 有时，我们也使用感叹句的省略形式。如： What a pity！ 多么令人遗憾啊！ How fast！ 真快呀！ How high！ 真高啊！ 即学即练： 1. These flowers are very beautiful. (改为感叹句) _ _ these flowers are!2. The little boy is very clever. (改为感叹句) _ _ the
