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1、2019版高考英语阅读理解一轮提升选练（11）李仕才AIts generally believed that people act the way they do because of their personalities and attitudes. They recycle their garbage because they care about the environment. They pay $5 for a caramel brule latte because they like expensive coffee drinks.Its undeniable that beha
2、vior comes from our inner dispositions(性情),but in many instances we also draw inferences about who we are, as suggested by the social psychologist Daryl Bem, by observing our own behavior. We can be strangers to ourselves. If we knew our own minds, why would we need to guess what our preferences are
3、 from our behavior? If our minds were an open book, we would know exactly how much we care about the environment or like lattes. Actually, we often need to look to our behavior to figure out who we are.Moreover, we dont just use our behavior to learn about our particular types of character we infer
4、characters that werent there before. Our behavior is often shaped by little pressures around us, which we fail to recognize.Maybe we recycle because our wives and neighbors would disapprove if we didnt.Maybe we buy lattes in order to impress the people around us. We should not mistakenly believe tha
5、t we always behave as a result of some inner disposition.Whatever pressures there can be or inferences one can make, people become what they do, though it may not be in compliance(符合) with their true desires. Therefore, we should all bear in mind Kurt Vonneguts advice: We are what we pretend to be,
6、so we must be careful about what we pretend to be.1.According to the passage, personalities and attitudes are commonly believed to.A. determine ones behaviorB. reflect ones tasteC. influence ones surroundingsD. result from ones habits2.Which of the following would Daryl Bem most probably agree with?
7、A. The return of a wallet can indicate ones honesty.B.A kind person will offer his seat to the old.C. One recycles plastics to protect the environment.D. One buys latte out of true love of coffee.3.What can be inferred from the underlined sentence in the passage?A. We fail to realize our inner dispo
8、sitions.B. We can be influenced by outside pressures.C. Our behavior is the result of our true desires.D. Our characters can shape our social relationships.4.What does the author mainly discuss in the passage?A. Personalities and attitudes.B. Preferences and habits.C. Behavior and personalities.D. A
9、ttitudes and preferences.【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。观其行知其人，那么行为又是由什么来决定的呢?1.A 【解析】考查细节理解。根据文章第一段的第一句话可知答案。人们通常认为性格和态度决定一个人的行为。故选A。3.B 【解析】考查推理判断。画线部分实际上是一个例子，例子前面往往是观点,因此根据画线部分前一句可知答案。我们有时候会受到外界压力的影响。故选B。4.C 【解析】考查主旨大意。全文主要阐述的是人的行为和性格的关系，所以选择C项。B(2015郑州质量检测三)You may have heard of the American Dream，an ideal tha
10、t has powered the hopes of Americans for generations.It began as a belief that the US was a land of opportunity，and that anyone could achieve success through hard work.At times，the dream has referred to home ownership，a good job，retirement security or each generation doing better than the last.Yet t
11、oday，this concept seems to have greatly changed.As Time magazine pointed out，quite different from the older generation，many Millennials (the generation born after 1980) redefine (重新定义) the American Dream as “daytoday control of your life”They “prize job mobility，flexible schedules，any work that is m
12、ore interesting than typing，and the ability to travel”，said the magazine.Home ownership，once the cornerstone of the American Dream，is becoming a smaller priority for this generation.Meanwhile，nearly 40% of them choose travel as part of their dream.And entrepreneurship (创业) is a rising favorite，as ne
13、arly 26% of Millennials consider selfemployment as part of their dream.So what has led to this huge change?Many point fingers at the poor economy.“Modern young Americans seem bound to face a world stamped by ever narrowing opportunity and social stagnation(停滞)，”noted The Daily Beast.“The rate of Mil
14、lennials out of school and out of work is unusually high at 15%.Many college graduates have taken jobs that dont require a degree，”Time reported.The magazine worries that these difficulties may lead to a lost generation who are “unable to ever truly find their feet on the corporations ladder”Dan Kad
15、lec，a reporter of Time，sees Millennials as resetting their expectations.“This situation is different for young adults today，”he wrote.“A true American dream has to feel attainable，and many Millennials are feeling they can only attain a daytoday lifestyle that suits them.”1The underlined word “corner
16、stone” in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to “_”AgrowthBbalanceCbasis Dpurpose2What has changed Millennials views of the American Dream according to the passage?AA lack of confidence in themselves.BFierce competition in the job market.CTheir dissatisfaction with the government.DThe discouraging economy and unemployment.3
