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1、被动语态、条件状语从句和让步状语从句李仕才课程目标一、学习目标1. 条件状语从句及其连词的用法。2. 让步状语从句及其连词的用法。3. 被动语态。二、重点、难点重点：条件状语从句、让步状语从句及被动语态。难点：让步状语从句和名词性从句的区别。三、考情分析这三种语法是高考考查的重点语法，历年考题中占有重要的地位，一般能在单选中占3-4分；在完形填空中也能占2-3分；我们复习时要特别注意这几种语法及其做题技巧，认真研究近几年的高考题。知识梳理一、条件状语从句【教材原句】If you say the word “communication”, most people think of words a
2、nd sentences.如果你说单词“交流”，大部分人会想到单词和句式。If our right hand is busy greeting someone, it cannot be holding a weapon.如果我们的右手忙着问候别人，它就不可能握有武器。考点1 引导条件状语从句的从属连词【用法】连接词主要有 if, unless, as/so long as, on condition that, provided, suppose, supposing 等。【例句】You can leave now if you like. 如果你愿意现在就可以走了。As long as i
3、t doesnt rain we can go. 只要不下雨，我们就可以去。In case I forget, please remind me about it. 万一我忘记，请提醒我一下。I will come on condition (that) she is invited too. 如果邀请她来, 那我就来。He may go with us provided providing he arrives in time. 他若及时到达，就可以和我们一起走。【考题链接】 they decide which college to go to, students should resear
4、ch the admission procedures.A. As B. While C. Until D. Once答案：D 解题思路：句意：一旦他们决定去哪个大学，学生就应该搜索入学手续。once 一旦，根据句意选择D。考点2 条件状语从句的时态【用法】当主句为将来时态或具有将来意义时，条件状语从句通常要用一般现在时表示将来意义，而不能直接使用将来时态。【例句】Lets go out for a walk unless you are too tired.如果你不是太累的话，让我们出去散步。Ill stay at home if it rains tomorrow. 要是明天下雨，我就呆在
5、家里。【考题链接】We will be losing money this year unless that new economic plan of yours _ well. A. is workingB. worksC. will be workingD. worked答案：B 解题思路：句意：如果你的那个新经济计划效果不好的话，我们今年会失去很多钱。在条件状语从句中，如果主句用一般将来时态，那么从句用一般现在时态表示将来意义。考点3 if 引导的条件句有真实条件句和非真实条件句两种【用法】真实条件句表示现实情况中可能实现的情况。非真实条件句也叫虚拟条件句，表示与现实情况相反的假设情况。
6、【例句】If it rains tomorrow, we wont go on a picnic.（真实条件句）如果明天下雨，我们就不去野餐了。If I were you, I would go with him. （非真实条件句）如果我是你，我会跟他一道去。【考题链接】1. In time of serious accidents, _ we know some basic things about first aid, we can save lives. A. whether B. untilC. if D. unless答案：C 解题思路：句意：遇到严重的事故时，如果我们了解一些基础的
7、急救知识，我们就能挽救生命。if如果；unless如果不。2. Mary is ill today. If she _, she _ absent from school.A. were not ill, wouldnt be B. had been ill, wouldnt have beenC. had been ill, should have been D. hadnt been ill, could be答案：A 解题思路：句意：玛丽今天病了。如果她不病，她就不会缺课了。根据句意可知是虚拟语气的句子，并且指的是和现在事实相反的虚拟，故从句用一般过去时，而主句用would +do,故答
8、案选A。即学即练1. We all know that, _, the situation will get worse. A. not if dealt carefully with B. if not carefully dealt withC. if dealt not carefully with D. not if carefully dealt with答案：B 解题思路：句意：我们都了解，这种状况如果不认真处理，会变的更糟。本题考查条件状语从句及省略。当主语和主句的主语一致并且有be时，省略主语和be; B项等于if the situation is not carefully
9、dealt with,。2. _ I know the money is safe, I shall not worry about it. A. Even thoughB. Unless C. As long asD. While答案：C 解题思路：句意：只要我知道钱是安全的，我就不会担心了。even though即使；unless除非；as long as只要；while尽管。二、让步状语从句考点1 whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however和no matter what/ who/ where/ when/ how等引导的让步状语从句。注
10、意1：whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however和no matter what/ who/ where/ when/ how等引导让步状语从句时，可以换用，意为：无论，都。注意2：解这一类题目时，要注意连词在让步状语从句中所作的句子成分，另外，还要注意从句的语序。【例句】Whoever did this will sooner or later be caught and will be punished.不管是谁干的这事，早晚要被抓住并受到惩罚。Some people enjoy themselves wherever they are.有些
11、人能够随遇而安。【考题链接】1. _ well prepared you are, you still need a lot of luck in mountain climbing. A. However B. Whatever C. No matter D. Although答案：A 解题思路：此题考查however的用法。句意：无论你准备的多么充分，在爬山时仍需要运气。however等于no matter how,但no matter不能单独用。句中的well是副词，所以用however, 而不用whatever。2. No matter how , it is not necessar
12、ily lifelessA. a desert may be dry B. dry a desert may beC. may a desert be dry D. dry may a desert be答案：B 解题思路：句意：沙漠无论多么干燥，它也肯定有生命。让步状语从句的顺序必须是陈述语序，故排除A、C和D。考点2 although/though/as引导的让步状语从句。【用法】1. although和though引导让步状语从句时意为“尽管，虽然”，二者一般可以换用。要注意although 和though不能和but连用，但可以和yet或still连用。2. as和though引导的让
13、步状语从句，多使用倒装句。通常如果从句中有形容词或名词作表语，则把表语置于句首，而且名词前要省略冠词；如果从句中有修饰动词的副词，则将该副词置于句首；如果从句中有情态动词，则将情态动词后的动词原形置于句首。【例句】Although/Though he was exhausted,(still) he kept on working. 虽然他已经精疲力竭了，但仍然继续工作。Though I believe it, yet I must consider.尽管我相信这一点，但我还得考虑考虑。Hard as/ though he works, he makes little progress. (=
14、Though he works hard, he makes little progress.）尽管他学习很努力，但几乎没取得什么进步。Child as/though he was, he knew what was the right thing to do.（=Though he was a child, he knew what was the right thing to do.）虽然他是一个孩子，但他知道该做什么。【考题链接】1._this is only a small town, its crowded with tourists who come here all year round. A. Since B. Unless C. Once D. Although答案：D 解题思路：句意：这仅是个小镇，但这里一年到头挤满了游客。although 引导让步状语从句。since意为“自从”；unless意为“除非”；once意为“一旦”。2. _, his idea was accepted by all the people at the meeting.A. Strange as might it soundB. As it might sound strangeC. As strange it might soundD. Stran
