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1、 学科： 英语 导学案 班级：高 一 （8）班 授课时间：2012年 5 月 15 日 编制人： Bart 审核： 审批： 印数： 580 课题：动名词做主语和宾语The -ing form as the Subject and Object 课型：新授课（语法）【学习目标】1.认知目标： 了解动词-ing形式做主语和宾语在具体语境中的应用。 2.能力目标： （1）运用归纳或演绎等方法分析动词-ing形式做主语和宾语的用法。 （2）学会在具体语境中使用动词-ing形式做主语和宾语。 【学习重点】 （1）动词-ing形式做主语 （2）动词-ing形式做宾语 (3) 动词-ing形式的复合结构 (
2、4) 动词-ing的常见形式 【学习难点】 （1）动词-ing形式做主语 （2）动词-ing形式做宾语 【学法指导】 运用归纳、演绎等方法分析主谓一致的用法。通过对学、群学、小组讨论合作等形式分析和解决问题。通过小组学习竞赛、积分，提高学习趣味性。I 自主学习 Lead-in 语法导入 动词的 -ing 形式可分为动名词和现在分词两类。作为动名词，它有名词的基本性质，因此动名词可以在句子中充当主语、宾语、表语，宾语补足语和定语。本单元学习动名词做主语和宾语。 1.动名词做主语 （动名词做主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作。此时，谓语动词用单数形式） 动名词做主语有三种形式： 动名词在句首直接做主
3、语 It 在句首做形式主语，而动名词短语在后面做真正的逻辑上的 主语 There be + no + 动名词1）形式一 动名词在句首直接做主语。例如： Reading aloud is very important for us to learn a foreign language. 大声朗读对于我们学习一门外语尤 为重要。 (collect) stamps is his hobby. 集邮是他的业余爱好。 Wishing for things,however, costs nothing. 然而，愿望是不花本钱的（本单元课文原句） 2）It 在句首做形式主语，而动名词在后面做真正的逻辑上的
4、主语。例如 Going to bed early and getting up early is considered to be a good habit. It is considered to be a good habit going to bed early and getting up early. 用下划线画出下面句子的形式主语和真正的主语 It was a waste of time reading that book. It is dangerous standing in the middle of the street. Is it worthwhile quarrell
5、ing with her? 3）There be + no + 动名词。例如： There was no knowing what he could do. 他能做什么很难说。 There is no (joke) about such matters. 这种事开不得玩笑。 2.动名词做宾语 动名词做宾语的六种情形：作及物动词宾语 it 作形式宾语，代替动名词作 作动词词组的宾语 介词的宾语既可接doing 又可接to do 的动词，但意义不同 常接动名词的动词或动词短语1） 作及物动词宾语。 例如： Would you mind opening the window? 你介意打开窗户吗？ T
6、he girl practises playing violin every evening. 那个姑娘每晚练习拉小提琴。2) 作介词宾语。例如： Since then, he has devoted his life to finding ways to grow more and more rice. He always thinks much before doing anything. 他做任何事之前总是考虑很多。3） it 作形式宾语，代替动名词。例如： I found it pleasant walking along the river after supper. Do you
7、consider it necessary trying again? We look forward to (study )in university.4） 接doing的动词: want, wish, hope, ask, help, refuse, learn, demand, choose, decide, plan, manage, pretend, afford .5）接doing 又可接to do 的动词: A 意义基本一样，如like, love, hate, begin, start, prefer, attempt B 意义明显不一样，如remember, forget,
8、regret, mean, stop, try, want, need例如：I forget to take the medicine. 我忘记吃那个药。 I forget taking the medicine. 我忘记把那个药吃了。 They stopped to talk. 他们停下来开始讲话。They stopped talking.他们停止讲话。6）常接动名词的动词或动词短语A. 此类动词有：admit, avoid, consider, escape, deny, risk, suggest.如：Were considering paying a visit to the Scie
9、nce Museum. It can avoid damaging the environment or peoples health.B. 此类短语有：cant help, be used to, end up, feel like, lead to, be busy, be tired of, be fond of, be afraid of, be proud of, think of / about, put off, keep on, insist on, be good at, give up常跟动词ing作宾语的动词歌诀: 考虑建议盼原谅， consider, suggest,a
10、dvise ,look forward to ,excuse ,pardon 承认推迟没得想， admit, delay , put off , fancy 避免错过继续练， avoid , miss ,keep, keep on , practise 否认完成停能赏， deny , finish , stop ,enjoy , appreciate 不禁介意准逃亡， cant help , mind , allow, permit ,escape 不准冒险凭想象。 forbid , risk , imagine 3. 动名词的复合结构1) 名词所有格+动名词： Toms writing2)
11、名词普通格+动名词： Tom writing3) 形容词性代词+动名词：his writing4) 人称代词宾格+动名词：him writing4. 动名词的常见形式1) 主动形式： writing eg, She likes swimming.2) 被动形式： being written eg, He couldnt stand being treated like that.3) 否定形式： not+ writing eg, I regret not having take the teachers advice. III.当堂检测1.根据括号内的汉语提示, 完成下列句子。1). _ (
12、read)in the library is a bad habit. 在图书馆大声阅读是一种不好的习惯2). Its no use _ (talk). 像这样谈话是徒劳无用的。3). In my mind, _ _ (attend ) will be the only way to become a world-class writer. 在我看来，进入那所著名的大学学习是成为世界顶尖作家的唯一方法。4). He remembered _ _ (finish), so he got up early to do it the next morning. 他记起来没有完成作业，因此他第二天很早
13、就起来做作业）5).I _ (regret) not having worn a thicker coat yesterday.我很后悔昨天我没有穿一件厚点的外套。2.单项选择：1) The parents suggested _ in the hotel room but their kids were anxious to camp out during the trip. A. sleep B. to sleep C. sleeping D. having slept2)How I regret _ so much time in the net bar! I should have s
14、tudied harder. A. to waste B. wasting C. wasted D. being wasted3) We should often practise _ English with each other. A. to speak B. spoke C. speak D. speaking4) Keep on _ and you will succeed. A. a try B. try C. triing D. Trying5) His parents insist on _ to college. A. he should go B. he go C. his going D. him to go6) The story was so funny that we _. A. couldnt help laugh B. cant but laugh
