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1、Unit10 When was it invented九年级英语教学指导教材分析及教学要求重点1. 了解古今中外的一些发明创造的英文名字在本单元，我们将搭乘“科技之光”，了解古今中外的一些发明创造的故事。我们中国有着悠久的历史，博大的文化，更有许多影响人类进程的里程碑式的发明创造。说起四大发明，想必大家都不陌生吧？那么，你知道它们的英文名字吗？好了，让我来告诉大家。对了，从左到右，从上往下，分别是火药（gun powder），指南针( compass )，造纸术( paper making )，印刷术( printing )。认识了它们的英文表达后，是不是学起历史来更加有兴致了？是不是更加热爱
2、我们的祖国了？没错！每个发明创造的背后都有许许多多有趣、辛苦的故事。大家可以通过上网、看书，查到许多这方面的资料，从而丰富我们的视野。任务设计任务. 请将下列发明归类computer, TV, car, hand-held calculator, camera, shoes with adjustable heels, umbrella, telephone, flying disk, heated ice cream scoop, light bulb, hamburgers, radio, microwave oven, potato chips, pizza, vacuum cleane
3、r, tea, abacus, binoculars, bicycle, battery operated slippers, alarm clock,生活用品_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 办公用品 _ _ _交通用品 _ _ 科学工具 _ 食物_ _ _ _重点2. 被动语态什么是被动语态呢？请先看下面两个例子：I open the door. 我打开门。The door is opened by me. 门被我打开。哦！原来表示某物被某人怎么样的时候，我们可以用被动语态来表示。那么，被动语态是怎么构成的呢？某物 + be 动词 + 动词的过去分词 + by + 某人1把主动态变成
4、被动态的方法是把动词to be变成原来的主动态动词的时态，再加上主动态里动词的过去分词。主动态： Bell invented telephones. 贝尔发明了电话机。在这个主动态句子中，时态是一般过去时，所以，变成被动态时，首先要把to be 变成它的一般过去时形式，即：was / were。然后加上主动态里的动词的过去分词形式。于是就变成了：Telephones were invented by Bell. 电话机被贝尔发明了。注意进行时态的被动态。这种语态有时似乎难以使用，因为它要求用to be的现在进行时，这种形式在其他方面用得不多。主动态：They are repairing the
5、 bridge. 他们正在修桥。被动态：The bridge is being repaired by them.桥正在被他们修理。2 主、被动时态对照表：时态/动词形式主动态被动态一般现在时keepsis kept现在进行时is keepingis being kept一般过去时keptwas kept过去进行时was keepingwas being kept现在完成时has kepthas been kept过去完成时had kepthad been kept一般将来时will keepwill be kept虚拟语气would keepwould be kept3. 本单元出现的被动语
6、态Who was it / were they invented by?它（它们）是由谁发明的？It was / They were invented by + sb.它（它们）是由发明的。When was it / were they invented by?它（它们）是什么时候被发明出来的？It was / They were invented + time它（它们）是被发明出来的。What is it / are they used for?它（它们）有什么用途呢？It is / They are used for + doing sth.它（它们）被用来。任务. 请用下列词汇编几组特殊
7、疑问句。（用被动语态）electric slippers, adjustable heels, tea, microwave ovens, potato chips1._? (When)2._? (When)3._? (What)4._? (Who)5._? (Who)任务. 请仿照sample，编三组对话介绍中国的四大发明吧！（ Four Great Inventions ） Clues: What: paper makingWho: Cai LunWhen: one thousand eight hundred years agoWhatfor: record informationA:
8、What do you think is the most important invention?B: That is paper making.A: Who was it invented by?B: It was invented by Cai Lun.A: When was it invented?B: It was invented one thousand eight hundred years ago.A: What is it used for?B: It is used for recording information. 下面的表格将帮助你完成编对话。the names o
9、f inventionswhenwhobe used forgun powderTang Dynastydont knowexploding, war, fireworkscompassWar DynastyChinese peopleknowing the directionprintingone thousand ,three hundred years agoBi Shengprintingpaper makingone thousand eight hundred years agoCai Lun recording information任务. 阅读理解Future computer
10、Do you forget to turn off the lights and heateas when you go out of a room? In 2004 it will not matter. They will turn themselves off and on again when your return. You will choose the temperature for each room the lighting and the humidity. (湿度) A sensor will detect ( 察觉) the presence of a human (
11、and, with luck, ignore ( 忽略 ) the dog!) and turn the systems on, and when the humans leave it will turn them off again.The sensors will work through the central home computer, and they will do much more than just turn the fire and lights on and off for you. They will detect faulty electrical equipme
12、nt, wires or switches, separate ( 隔离) them so that they cant harm anyone, and then warn you that they need repair. They will detect fire and if you are out of the house, the computer will call the fireman. It will also call the police if the sensors detect a robber. This will not be too difficult be
13、cause the locks on the outside doors will be electronic. You will open them using our personal card- the one you use for shopping-may be using a number known only to you.It will be important to lose the key, and a housebreaker will have to tamper ( 乱动) with the lock or with a window. It is not very difficult to make such tampering send a signal ( 信号 ) to the computer.The computer will be more than a fireman-policeman-servant. It will be an entertainer, and most of
