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1、Comment m1: 什么意思？ 571.108 Standard No. 108; Lamps, reflective devices, and associated equipment.（灯具，反射装置和辅助设备）S1. Scope. This standard specifies requirements for original and replacement lamps, reflective devices, and associated equipment.（适用范围：该标准规定了原始灯具、替代灯具、反射装置和辅助设备应该满足的要求。 ）S2. Purpose. The pur
2、pose of this standard is to reduce traffic accidents and deaths and injuries resulting from traffic accidents, by providing adequate illumination of the roadway, and by enhancing the conspicuity of motor vehicles on the public roads so that their presence is perceived and their signals understood, b
3、oth in daylight and in darkness or other conditions of reduced visibility.（目的：在白天、夜晚或其他可见度较低的情况下，通过适度的道路照明和增加公共道路上机动车辆的显著性，来减少交通事故的发生。 ）S3. Application. This standard applies to:（该标准适用于：）(a) Passenger cars, multipurpose passenger vehicles, trucks, buses, trailers(except pole trailers and trailer con
4、verter dollies), and motorcycles; （乘用车、MPV、卡车、公共汽车、挂车（吊车和变扭矩娃娃挂车除外）和摩托车；）(b) Retroreflective sheeting and reflex reflectors manufactured to conform to S5.7 of this standard; and（符合该标准 5.7部分的回复反射板和回复反射器；和）(c) Lamps, reflective devices, and associated equipment for replacement of like equipment on veh
5、icles to which this standard applies.（灯具、回复反射设备和用于替代车辆上类似设备的辅助设备。 ）S4. Definitions.Aiming Reference Plane means a plane which is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle and tangent to the forwardmost aiming pad on the headlamp.（目标参考平面指与车辆纵向轴线垂直并且与前大灯的最前面目标板相切的一个平面。 ）Beam contributor me
6、ans an indivisible optical assembly including a lens, reflector, and light source, that is part of an integral beam headlighting system and contributes only a portion of a headlamp beam.（发光物指的是一个不可分割的光学设备，包括透镜、反射器和光源，它是完整光束前大灯系统的一部分，并且只提供前大灯光束的一部分光束。 ）Cargo lamp is a lamp that is mounted on a multip
7、urpose passenger vehicle, truck, or bus for the purpose of providing illumination to load or unload cargo.（货运灯具指挂载在多功能乘用车、卡车或公共汽车上，用于提供装卸货物照明的灯具。 ）Cutoff means a generally horizontal, visual/optical aiming cue in the lower beam that marks a separation between areas of higher and lower luminance.（明暗截
8、止线指标记高亮度照明和低亮度照明分开的一个水平的、可见的基准。 ）Direct reading indicator means a device that is mounted in its entirety on a headlamp or headlamp aiming or headlamp mounting equipment, is part of a VHAD, and provides information about headlamp aim in an analog or digital format.（直读指示器是指一个整体挂载到前大灯或前大灯校准设备或前大灯所挂载设备上
9、的一个设备，它是 VHAD 的一部分，通过模拟或数字的形式提供关于前大灯校准的信息。 ）Effective projected luminous lens area means that area of the projection on a plane perpendicular to the lamp axis of that portion of the light-emitting surface that directs light to the photometric test pattern, and does not include mounting hole bosses,
10、reflex reflector area, beads or rims that may glow or produce small areas of increased intensity as a result of uncontrolled light from small areas (12deg. radius around the test point).（有效投影光透镜区域指投影在垂直于灯轴平面上的区域。 。 。 ）Filament means that part of the light source or light emitting element(s), such as
11、 a resistive element, the excited portion of a specific mixture of gases under pressure, or any part of other energy conversion sources, that generates radiant energy which can be seen.（灯丝是能产生视觉上可见的热辐射能量的光源或发光单元（比如：电阻元件、气体混合物中的激发部分或其他能够进行能量转换的任何部分）的组成部分）Flash means a cycle of activation and deactiva
12、tion of a lamp by automatic means continuing until stopped either automatically or manually.（闪烁指的是一个灯具自动激活和失效的一个循环周期，并将保持持续闪烁直到通过自动地或手动的方式将其关闭。 ）Fully opened means the position of the headlamp concealment device in which the headlamp is in the design open operating position.（完全打开位置指可使前大灯处于打开操作位置的前大灯
13、可隐藏设备的位置。 ）Headlamp concealment device means a device, with its operating system and components, that provides concealment of the headlamp when it is not in use, including a movable headlamp cover and a headlamp that displaces for concealment purposes.（前大灯可隐藏设备指在不使用时，可以通过移动前大灯罩盖或前大灯将前大灯隐藏起来的灯具。它具有自己
14、的操作系统和组件。 ）Comment m2: 力帆后组合灯符合其描述？类似 ECE R48中的Interdependent lamp system？Comment m3: 转向信号灯？Headlamp test fixture means a device designed to support a headlamp or headlamp assembly in the test position specified in the laboratory tests and whose mounting hardware and components are those necessary t
15、o operate the headlamp as installed in a motor vehicle.（前大灯测试夹具指对安装在机动车辆上的前大灯操作相关的硬件和组件在实验室测试过程中起支持作用的一种设备。 ）Integral beam headlamp means a headlamp (other than a standardized sealed beam headlamp designed to conform to paragraph S7.3 or a replaceable bulb headlamp designed to conform to paragraph S
16、7.5) comprising an integral and indivisible optical assembly including lens, reflector, and light source, except that a headlamp conforming to paragraph S7.8.5.2 or paragraph S7.8.5.3 may have a lens designed to be replaceable.（集成光束前照灯（标准的密封式光束前照灯和可替代灯泡前照灯除外）指包含完整的、不可分割的光学装置（包括透镜、回复反射器和光源，遵循 S7.8.5.2 或 S7.8.5.3部分的透镜可替代的前照灯除外）的前照灯。 ）Multiple compartment lamp means a device which gives its indication by two or more separately lighted areas which are joined by one or more comm
