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1、专题七 形容词和副词第一节形容词和副词辨析,贵阳五年中考命题规律考纲要求1.形容词(包括比较级和最高级)2.副词(包括比较级和最高级)考查点年份题号选项设置分值形容词词义辨析201535short/small/long1分40sleeping/slept/sleepy1分61difficult/possible/necessary1分86politeimpolite1分201464famous/popular/new1分70worried/relaxed/interested1分87possibleimpossible1分201334friendly to/angry with/mad at1
2、分58awful/useful/careful1分201259terrible/unpleasant/pleasant1分64lonely/sad/surprised1分87relaxing/relaxedrelaxed1分201158excited/sad/relaxed1分60good/nice/bad1分62confident/creative/important1分65right/wrong/shiny1分68luck/lucky/unlucky1分形容词副词混合辨析201390especial/especiallyespecially1分201242bad/badly/clear/c
3、learly1分副词词义辨析201457impossibly/impolitely/specifically1分形容词副词转换201589easyeasily1分201394heavyheavily1分201192easyeasily1分贵阳中考单项选择对形容词和副词的考查主要集中在对词义辨析及比较等级的考查上。对词义辨析的考查侧重形容词词义的辨析，且侧重在语境中的应用。对形容词与副词混合辨析的选项设置都是同根的形容词和副词，如bad与badly，quick与quickly，hard与hardly等。题目设置均为简单句，多为两个单句，词数一般为1013。另外，完形填空也侧重形容词或副词的词义辨
4、析，且近三年侧重一组形容词词义辨析和一组频度副词词义辨析，侧重对上下文的理解及语境的判断。词语运用则偏向形容词或副词的词性转换。预计2016年贵阳中考的单项选择必定考查一道形容词或副词词义辨析。词语运用对此的考查可能性不大，学生必须注意区分同根形容词与其ly结尾词的意义区分，如：bad与badly，clear与clearly等。,贵阳中考重难点突破【考点抢测】一、词语运用1We can hardly believe that you learn to dance so _.(quick)2My uncle lost his ID card yesterday._，a schoolboy fou
5、nd it and sent it back to him in the afternoon.(lucky)3Though it was raining _，the policeman was still standing at the crossing.(heavy)4Jack finds it difficult to pronounce some English words _(correct)5All of us were _ that such a little girl spoke English so well.(surprise)6Its cool and _ in autum
6、n in our hometown.(sun)二、单项选择()7.Its _ to find English difficult sometimes.Dont give up.Astrange Bunusual Cnormal()8.If you are full of love，youll be _ at finding the beautiful things in your life.Aafraid Bangry Cgood()9.There are a lot of people talking and laughing in the room and its very _Aquiet
7、 Bsoft Cnoisy()10.In a green school everyone agrees to be _ about the environment.Anervous Bcareful Chonest()11.Its raining _ now.Youd better take an umbrella with you.Aheavy Bheavily Cstrong()12.It is amazing that Mr.Guo sailed across the world by himself _ within 130 days.Adangerous BsuccessfulCsu
8、ccessfully()13.Please be _Theres an important meeting in the next room.Aquickly Bquick Cquiet()14.How do you feel when you watch national flag going up?It makes me feel _Aproudly Bproud Chappy()15.I carried the bowl with both hands _，so I wouldnt break it.Acarefully Bhappily Cquickly()16.My old neig
9、hbour Charles felt _ after his children moved out.Alonely Bsafely Cangrily()17.My friend Frank sings well，and he is _ good at playing guitar.Anot Balso Cyet()18.He said he would go _，but then he drove very fast.Aearly Bquickly Cslowly()19.Helen was so excited at the news that she could _ say a word.
10、Aever Balmost Chardly【满分点拨】一、形容词的用法及位置说明人或事物的特征、性质或状态，常用来修饰名词或不定代词的词叫形容词。1作定语，放在名词之前，复合不定代词之后。如：The nice girl is my sister.这个漂亮的女孩是我妹妹。I have something important to tell you.我有一些重要的事情要告诉你。注意：有少数形容词只能作表语，不能作定语，如alone，afraid，asleep，awake，alive，well等。2作表语，放在系动词之后。如：He looks very happy.他看起来很开心。3作宾补，放在宾语
11、之后，常与make，leave，keep等动词连用。如：You must keep your eyes closed.你必须闭上眼睛。二、某些形容词说明事物间的关系，如方位、时间、用途等，没有比较级的变化，如the same，different，southern，northern，Chinese，Japanese等。如：My answer is different from yours.我的答案和你的不一样。三、副词的作用、构成、分类和位置1副词的作用副词是表示行为特征或性状特征的词。主要修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或全句。在句中主要用作状语。如：Sometimes were very busy
12、.我们有时候很忙。2副词的构成构成例词与形容词同形low，fast，late，early，much，deep，little，hard，only，back，just，well，enough，long，high，slow形容词后直接加lysadsadly；politepolitely辅音字母加y结尾的形容词改y为i再加lyhappyhappily；angryangrily；busybusily辅音字母加le结尾时，去e加ysimplesimply；terribleterribly；gentlegently少数以e结尾的形容词，要去掉e再加lytruetruly；dueduly注意：(1)有些以ly
13、结尾的词是形容词而非副词。如：motherly，lovely，lively，friendly，lonely。(2)有些副词有两种形式，其中一种形式与形容词相同，另一种形式是在形容词后加ly，意义有区别。常见的有：closeadj./adv.靠近closelyadv.密切地highadj./adv.高highlyadv.高度地freeadj./adv.免费freelyadv.自由地lateadj./adv.晚，迟latelyadv.近来deepadj./adv.深deeplyadv.深刻/深入地nearadj./adv.邻近nearlyadv.几乎/将近hardadj./adv.努力地hardlyadv.几乎不mostadj./adv.最mostlyadv.主要地wideadj./adv.宽阔widelyadv.广泛地3.副词的分类和位置分类位置例词时间副词一般放在句尾now现在；then那时；today今天；tomorrow明天；yesterday昨天；before前面；ago之前；soon很快；once曾经，以前；at first首先；at last最
