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1、 2011-2012学年8年级英语（北师大版）上册素材（含教案和练习）Unit 3 Countries and Cities（1）一. 教学内容：第三单元 第一部分能简单描述不同国家的人口、地理、语言等情况，并进行比较二. 本周教学重点、难点：1. 描述国家的人口、地理、语言等。2. “How + adjective”疑问句，及其回答。3. 形容词的比较级。三. 具体内容：（一）Asking about countries, cities, and languages.1. What is the capital of France?Its Paris.2. What language do
2、they speak in America?They speak English.3. Where is the Eiffel Tower?Its in France.4. What is the country famous for?Its famous for the silk.e.g. My country is very large. It has many beautiful lakes, rivers and mountains. Most people live in the southern part of the country because it is very cold
3、 in the north. The capital of my country is Ottawa. My country is called Canada.（二）Questions with “How + adjective”1. How long is the Nile River?The Nile River is about 6,671 km long.2. How high is the Great Pyramid?The Great Pyramid is 137 meters high.3. How far is Beijing from Shanghai?Its about 1
4、000km.4. How deep is the Grand Canyon?Its about deep.（三）Comparative adjectives形容词的原来形式在相比较概念中称做原级，与之比较，“更的”称作比较级，“最的”称作最高级。形容词变成比较级和最高级的构成规则1. 一般单音节形容词和少数双音节词变成比较级，最高级，分别在词尾加er, est.情况变法例词一般情况加er, esttalltallertallest以e结尾时加r, stlargelargerlargest以“辅音+y”结尾时变y为i，加er, esthappyhappierhappiest以重读闭音节结尾，末尾
5、只有一个辅音字母时双写最后的辅音字母，再加er,estbigbiggerbiggestthinthinnerthinnest对少数的双音节形容词，变比较级和最高级时也是如此。e.g. narrownarrowernarrowest simplesimplersimplest clevercleverercleverest2. 一般双音节及多音节的形容词变比较级和最高级时，都要在前面加more, most.e.g. usefulmore usefulmost usefuldifficultmore difficultmost difficult3. 不规则形式。原级比较级最高级many/much
6、moremostgood/wellbetterbestbadworseworstlittlelessleastfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthest4. 有一些形容词没有比较级。e.g. Chinese English, afraid aware alive, east west, right left, wooden golden, square round5. 形容词比较级的用法。（1）所在的句子结构通常是：“含有形容词比较级的主句+引导的从句”，如从句省略，要保留同主句相比的部分及其修饰语。e.g. My composition is shorter th
7、an hers.I have more English books than French books.The pen Im using now is better than the one I used last year.（2）相比中，出现的程度和数量之差，须置于形容词比较级的前面。e.g. I am 2 years older than my younger brother.Your shoes are 2 sizes bigger than hers.This book is more expensive than that one.6. 形容词最高级的用法。用于两者以上的比较。通常前
8、面加定冠词，并有一个表示范围的短语或从句。e.g. It is the most interesting book I have ever read.John is the tallest boy in the class.She is the best student in the school.7. 其他用法。（1）形容词的同级比较。表示两者一样时，用asas，不及时，用 not soas, not asase.g. He is as tall as his elder sister.I read lesson 2 as many times as lesson 1.In winter i
9、t is not so cold in Nanjing as in Beijing.（2）形容词比较级的单独用法。Are you feeling better now?Be more careful.Eat less meat and more vegetable.He has less money.（3）more and more 越来越After March, the weather is getting warmer and warmer.Now our country is getting stronger and stronger.The garden is becoming mor
10、e and more beautiful.（4）the more the more 越是就越The more angry she became, the more they laughed at her.The harder you work, the better you will do.四. 课堂练习。（一）单选。1. Canada is very large but Russia is than Canada.A. large B. larger C. largest D. the largest2. The Aral Sea continued to get .A. small B.
11、smaller C. smallest D. the smallest3. The Amazon River goes the country.A. through B. across C. under D. from4. They agreed to use water for farming than before.A. few B. less C. little D. a little5. Life in China today is than it was in the past.A. good B. better C. best D. the best6. The service i
12、n this hotel is even than it was in the past.A. bad B. worse C. worst D. the worst（二）时态填空。1. What did you do last night? I (surf) the Internet.2. What are you doing this weekend?I (meet) some friends.3. He usually (go) to bed at half past ten.4. She (visit) her grandparents last summer.5. I (travel)
13、 around the world when I have enough money.6. Next Sunday we (have) lunch in a restaurant.【模拟试题】（答题时间：30分钟）一. 单选1. Mr. and Mrs. Tailor live in a beautiful village near the sea.A. too B. very C. more D. many2. How is the Mississippi River？A. high B. tall C. often D. long3. is the capital city of the
14、United Kingdom.A. New York B. Berlin C. Tokyo D. London4. This piece of cake is larger than that one.A. bit B. few C. a bit D. a few5. Which country is , Russia or America?A. big B. bigger C. more bigger D. much big 6. The total population in China is larger than the population in Canada.A. very B.
15、too C. much D. many7. Is Los Angeles more interesting than London?A. very B. too C. much D. many8. place do you prefer to live in, a big city or a small village?A. Where B. Which C. How D. Why二. 完型填空。I am taking my family to Europe this year. My wife and I and our two 1 are going. My brother is a farmer. He decided to go with 2 . First he is going on his horsebac
