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1、九年级英语状语从句外研社【本讲教育信息】一. 教学内容： 状语从句二. 重难点讲解状语从句在复合句中修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等的句子叫状语从句。状语从句根据它表达的意义的不同可分为：时间状语从句、原因状语从句、条件状语从句、比较方式状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句和让步状语从句。如果状语从句放在主句前，通常在从句后用逗号隔开。（一）时间状语从句其连接词有：when，while，before，after，since，till（until），as soon as 等。由这些连词引导的主从复合句中的主句和从句谓语动词发生的时间有三种情况，即同时发生和先后发生。因此在运用时间状语从句时，特别
2、要注意主句和从句之间的时态呼应。1. when引导的从句有时主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生，有时主句的动作在前，从句的动作在后。如果主句用一般将来时，则从句就要用一般现在时。Tom will go to see her when he has time.It was raining when I left the hospital.The film had already began when I got to the cinema.2. 由while 引导的从句表示正在进行某一动作时另一动作发生了；还可以表示某个动作还在进行的同时，另一个动作也在进行之中。例如：While he was re
3、ading, the telephone rang.While we were boating on the lake, we saw a fish jump out of the water.While my sister was watching TV, I was writing.While Dad was washing his car, Mum was cooking.3. 由before 引导的从句在由before 引导的从句中，一般来说主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前，主从句的动词都用过去时。例如：Wei Fang had cut the meat into pieces befo
4、re her mother started cooking.He didnt know little Chinese before he came to China.My brother studied in No.1 Middle School before he joined the army.4. 由after引导的从句由after引导的从句表示主句的动作发生在从句之后，为了表明动作的先后顺序，这是主句的动作用一般过去时，而从句的动作用过去完成时。有时主从句的动词都用过去时。例如：After he had finished his homework, he went home.After
5、 the bell rang, all the students rushed out of the classroom.5. 由since引导的从句在由since引导的复合句中，从句动词用一般过去时，主句动词用现在完成时。例如：He has never returned home since he joined the army.I havent seen him since he got a job.注意：在英语里，有一些非延续性的动词，他们只是一瞬间就结束的动作，如：come, go, arrive, reach, see, hear, close, leave, begin, star
6、t, lose, buy, fall, join, die, get up 等，用It is since的句型来表达目前存在的一种状态。例如：Its a week since he came back.Its more than a year since he joined the army.Its three years since my younger brother was a football player.6. till（until）引导的从句（1）如果主句和从句都用肯定形式，表示“直到”这一动作直到until 才结束。例如：They worked until it was too
7、late.He waits until the children are asleep.（2）如果主句用否定形式，从句用肯定形式，表示“直到才”， 并且主句的谓语动词为非延续行动词如：leave, start, come, see, go to bed 等，表示这一动作直到until才开始发生。例如：I didnt know it until you told me.We wont begin the party until everyone is here.（3）当主句为一般将来时时，until引导的从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时。例如：Please dont get off the bus
8、 until it stops.He wont have supper until he finishes reading the newspaper.（4）notuntil的句式可以转化成when 或after 引导的时间状语从句，但主句必须用肯定式。例如：They didnt go home until the rain stopped.= They went home after the rain stopped.The students wont come into the classroom until the teachers finish their work. = The st
9、udents will come into the classroom when the teacher finish their work.7. 由as soon as 引导的从句（1）主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。（2）主句用一般过去时，从句用过去完成时。一般情况下，从句也用一般过去时。例如：Ill write to you as soon as I get there.We started as soon as we received his telephone.（二）原因状语从句其连接词为 because, since, as等。1. 由because 引导的原因状语从句，直接明
10、白地说明因果关系，语气最强，它引导的从句一般位于主句之后。注意：（1）回答用why 提出的问题需用because 回答。（2）because 不能与并列连词so 连用。正：Because I had seen the film, I didnt go to the cinema last night.正：I didnt go to the cinema because I had seen the film.误：Because I had seen the film, so I didnt go to the cinema last night.2. as 用来表明比较明显的原因和理由，（由于
11、、既然），这种原因一般是大家都知道的，其从句位于主句之前。As he was very busy, we went to the cinema without him.3. since 用来表示比较勉强的理由和原因，意为“既然”。例如：Since everybody makes mistakes in life, Mr. Smith gave John a chance.4. 另外由because 引导的原因状语从句，可以由because of 短语换成简单句。We didnt go out because it was raining.= We didnt go out because of
12、 the rain.（三）条件状语从句1. 引导条件状语从句的连接词有if, unless。如果主句用一般将来时，从句应用一般现在时。例如：She will pass the exam if she works harder.If you do well in maths, you can learn other subjects well.2. 注意判定if 引导的从句是宾语从句还是状语从句。在英语里，if 既能引导宾语从句又能引导状语从句。这要看主句中的谓语动词是及物动词还是不及物动词。例如：Could you tell me if it fine tomorrow.这句话的主句谓语动词是
13、tell, 及物动词，所以后面if 引导的从句是宾语从句。I wont go if it isnt fine tomorrow.这句话的主句谓语动词是go, 不及物动词，所以后面if 引导的从句是状语从句。典型例题分析：Nobody knows if it _ tomorrow.A. rainsB. will rainC. rained分析：if 既可引导宾语从句又可引导状语从句。此题中判断if 引导的是宾语从句还是状语从句是解题的关键。如果if 引导的是宾语从句，时态应用一般将来时；如果if 引导的是状语从句，时态应用一般现在时。本句如译成“假使明天下雨”是一个常见的条件状语从句，是在诱使考
14、生犯错误，单独的一句话只能是宾语从句，故正确选项为：B。3. 由“祈使句 + or + 陈述句” 或 “祈使句 + and + 陈述句”的两个句式都可以转化为由if 引导的条件状语从句。如果连词是or，那么转换成的条件状语从句应该是否定的；如果连词是and, 那么转换成的条件状语从句应该是肯定的。例如：Hurry up or you will be late. = If you dont hurry up, you will be late.Study hard and you will pass the exam.= If you study hard, you will pass the
15、exam.（四）比较状语从句连接词有as as，than，the the，as等。1. 表示甲与乙在某一方面程度相当时，就用“as + 形容词或副词原级 + as”的句型。I think science is as important as maths.Tom runs as fast as John.2. 表示甲在某一方面不及乙时，就用not so as 句型。例如：The Yellow River is not so long as the Changjiang River.He did not come so early as Li Lei.3. 由than 引导的从句甲在某一方面程度比乙强时，就用比较级 + than 的句式。当than 前后所使用的动词相同时，通常用助动词或情态动词代替。例如：I am much taller than you（are）.His cake is bigger than Lilys (cake is).4.“the + 比较级，the + 比较级”，表示“越越”例如：The more, the better.The more you study, the more you will know.5. 由
