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1、Unit 3 Language in use学习目标：Key vocabulary Damage cause effort order in order to director Modal Verbs学习重难点：Modal Verbs学习过程：导 学 案 设 计达成情况1、 自主学习1. cause v.造成；引起，后接名词或复合宾语。Eg. Smoking can cause lung cancer. cause 还可以用作名词，意为“原因，起因”。Eg. The cause of the fire was a cigarette-end.2. effort n.努力Eg. You cant
2、 succeed without effect.make every effect to do sth. 意为“尽一切努力做某事”eg. Everyone should _ _ _ _ reduce pollution.人人应该尽一切努力来减少污染。3. get involved in “参与；耗费很多时间”， 后跟名词、代词或动名词形式。其中get为系动词，可以和be动词和become换用。Eg. All the students got involved in the discussion. He got involved in _ (work) out the plan.4. wake
3、up to 意识到；认识到Eg. We should wake up to the danger of smoking. wake up/ wake up to 的区别二、合作探究情态动词的用法: 1）can (could) 表示说话人能,可以,同意,准许,以及客观条件许可,could 为 can 的过去式。 Can you pass me the books? Could you help me, please?What can you do? Can you be sure? 你有把握吗? can和could 只能用于现在式和过去式两种时态,将来时态用 be able to 来表示。 He
4、 could help us at all. 他完全可以帮助我们。With the teachers help,I shall be able to speak English correctly. 2）may (might) 可以, 表示说话人同意,许可或请求对方许可。 You may take the book home. May I come in? You may put on more clothes. 你可以多穿点衣服. He said he might lend us some money. 他说他可以借给我们一些钱。 may 否定式为 may not, 缩写形式是 maynt.
5、 might 是may 的过去式, 有两种用法, 一种表示过去式，一种表示虚拟语气, 使语气更加委婉, 客气或对可能性的怀疑。 He told me he might be here on time. Might I borrow some money now. He might be alive. 他可能还活着。3）Must 必须,应该,一定,准是, 表示说话人认为有必要做某事, 命令, 要求别人做某事以及对事物的推测。 must 用来指一般现在时和一般将来时, 过去式可用 have to 的过去式代替。 I must finish my work today. You mustnt wor
6、k all the time. Must I return the book tomorrow? 我必须明天还书吗? After such a long walk, you must be tired走了这么长的路,你一定困了。 He must be the man I am looking for.他一定是我要找的人。He had to go because of somebodys calling him that day. 那天他要走是因为有人叫他。 注：must + have + 过去分词,表示现在对过去事物的推测。 He must have told my parents about
7、 it. 他一定把这件事情告诉我父母亲了。 He must have received my letter now. 他现在一定收到我的信了。 Its six oclock already, we must have been late again. 已经六点钟了，我们一定又迟到了。 must 和 have to 的区别: must 表示说话人的主观思想, have to 表示客观需要。 You must do it now. 你必需现在就干。(说话人认为必须现在干)I have to go now. 我得走了。(客观条件必须现在走) 4）need 需要 多用在否定式或疑问句中. Need I
8、 attend the meeting tomorrow? 我需要明天参加会议吗? You need not hand in the paper this week. 这一周你不必交论文。 need 是一个情态动词, 他的用法完全和其他情态动词一样, 但 need 还可当作实义动词使用, 这时 need 就象其他动词一样,有第三人称,单复数, 后面加带 to 的动词等特性。 I need a bike to go to school. Do you need a dictionary? She needs a necklace. 她需要一条项链。neednt + have + 过去分词 表示过
9、去做了没必要做的事情。 You neednt have taken it seriously. 这件事情你不必太认真。5）dare 敢 多用在否定或疑问句中。The little girl dare not speak in public. 小女孩不敢在公众面前说话。Dare you catch the little cat? 你敢抓小猫吗? dare 除用作情态动词外,更多的是当实义动词使用, 用法同实义动词一样,要考虑人称,单复数,时态等。Do you dare to walk in the dark? 你敢黑夜走路吗？ He doesnt dare to tell the teacher
10、 what happened that day. 他不敢告诉老师那天发生的事。 6）Shall, should表示命令,警告,允诺,征求,劝告,建议惊奇。 You should hand in the exercise book. 你应该交作业本儿了。This should be no problem. 这应该没问题。 Shall we go now. 我们现在可以走了吗?Why should I meet him？为什么我要见他? 7）ought 应当,应该 后面跟带有 to 的动词不定式。 You ought to read these books if you want to know
11、how to repair the motorcar.如果你想知道如何修理汽车,你应该读这些书。 You ought to bring the child here. ought + to have done 句型。指过去动作,表示一件事情该做而未做。 You ought to have been here yesterday. 你昨天就应该来。 ought not to have done 句型。表示一件不该做的事情却做了。 You ought not to have taken the book out of the reading-room. 你不应该把书带出阅览室。 8）will (w
12、ould)决心,愿望。 would 为 will 的过去式, 可用于各人称。Ill do my best to catch up with them. 我要尽全力赶上他们。Ill never do it again, thats the last time.我再不会做那件事情了,这是最后一次。 He said he would help me. 他说他会帮助我。will, would用于疑问句表示说话人向对方提出请求或询问,用 would 比 will 更婉转,客气。 Its hot. Will you open the windows? 天气太热了,你能打开窗户吗? Will you hel
13、p me to work it out? 你能帮我解这道题吗? Would you like some coffee？给你来点咖啡怎样？ 三、课堂检测I. 根据首字母或汉语提示写出单词1. His son is c_ endless problems and hes close to the end of his rope.2. The earthquake caused great d_ to people of Wenchuan.3. It takes a lot of time and e_ to get an exhibition ready.4. The company is run
14、 by a group of _ (主任).5. No one knows whether Mr. Li lives on the _ (八) floor of this building. 用括号内单词的适当形式填空1. You may be _ (worry) if you are in trouble and have no one to help you.2. The doctor suggested she _ (stay) in bed for a few days.3. Allow yourselves plenty of time _(get) to the airport.4. The _ (environment) damage caused by the chemical industry.5. -Do you know where our head teacher lives?-He lives on the _(five) floor
