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1、说明文 说明文是中考书面表达题中常见的写作形式。在初中阶段，说明文主要要求学生将活动、人物、地点等要素进行清楚的描述，考察学生的观察能力和将图表或所给提示词转化为完整文字信息的能力。要写出一篇合乎要求的说明文，应注意以下几点：一审 要想做到文章切题、要点齐全，审题至关重要。下笔之前要将所给的材料看清楚，读懂材料所要表达的内容或情景。二定 一定要点：根据所给材料要点，定出中心句。注意适当发挥，避免逐字逐句翻译。二定方法：常用的说明方法有举例法、过程分析法、分类法、因果分析法、比较法、细节法等。要根据说明的对象、目的来选择最佳说明方法。 三理 理顺各中心句之间的关系，排列好各中心句的顺序。说明文常
2、用的结构安排顺序有以下三种：时间顺序、空间顾序和逻辑顺序。合理的次序会使文章条理清楚，脉络明晰。四查 查写作要点，查段落层次，查时态语态，查用词、拼写、标点等。通过检查，可以避免一些不必要的错误，使文章趋于完美。第一节 人物说明文 写作要求人物说明文一般包括人物的出生年月、主要经历、事迹成就、影响和评价等。首先要全面了解这个人，然后根据需要选取写作素材，简明扼要而突出重点地去介绍，力求真实准确，恰如其分。人物介绍一般都是从外形到性格，或从一般经历到创造性的贡献，在最后常有结论性的评语。写人物说明文一般包括以下几点： 1、出生年月 2、主要经历 3、事迹成就 4、影响、评价 叙述方法：一般按照时
3、间顺序，从外形到性格，从一般经历到创造性的贡献，最后常有结论性的评语。语言简洁生动：说明文的目的是向读者介绍他们不了解、不熟悉的人物、事理等，因此说明文的语言要浅显、简洁、生动。时态语态：说明文常用一般现在时。如果说明的是人物、事物过去或将来的情况，则要用过去或将来的有关时态。另外，由于说明文重点放在被说明的人物、事物上，故有些说明文被动语态的使用频率相对比较高。 写作摸板介绍人物典型事迹作出评价Can you .? Do you know.?He is called . We all .He often . One day. Not only . but also.引出人物He is . H
4、e was born. He graduated from. He likes. 主题归纳 【常用句型】 1. He/ She is really他/她真的是 2. He/ She looks like他/她看上去像 3. He used to be/ have 他过去常常 4. Her favourite is她最喜欢的是 5. She is good at她擅长 经典题例假如你叫李红，你的英国笔友Mary正在学习汉语。她在给你的来信中介绍了她的汉语老师的情况。请根据以下信息用英语写一封回信，向她介绍你的英语老师Miss White的情况。外貌高挑、苗条(slim)、漂亮国籍美国最喜欢的颜色
5、蓝色个人爱好读书、旅游品质乐于助人取得的成绩去年教学竞赛(teaching competition)，荣获一等奖要求：1.词数80左右。开头和结尾已给出，不计入词数。2.所给信息要全部用上，可合理发挥。Dear Mary, Thank you for telling me something about your Chinese teacher. I think you have a good teacher. Now let me tell you something about my English teacher, Miss White. _ Best wishes! Yours Sin
6、cerely, Li Hong 【思路点拨】本文重点在于写人，即要表达出Miss White的爱好、性格、外貌、品质、最喜欢的颜色及国籍等方面的情况。在表达这些时，可用一般现在时来写。而对于所取得的成绩，应用一般过去时表达。另外，在书写时，不能把所给提示内容进行简单地罗列，而应适当地增加细节，使其连贯。 【标准范文】Dear Mary, Thank you for telling me something about your Chinese teacher. I think you have a good teacher. Now let me tell you something abou
7、t my English teacher, Miss White.Miss White is from America. She is tall and slim. And she is very beautiful. She has taught us English for two years. She is always in blue, because blue is her favorite. She likes reading and she also loves traveling when she is free. She is kind and helpful. As a t
8、eacher, she is successful. She teaches so well that she won the first place in the teaching competition last year. All of us like her very much. Best wishes! Yours Sincerely, Li Hong 强化训练 在你成长的过程中父亲应该是你最熟悉的人之一，请你以“我的父亲”为题，写一篇短文，介绍你的父亲。要求：1、短文要重点从外貌特征、兴趣爱好和工作态度等方面展开； 2、字数：100词左右。_How is everything go
9、ing? Id like to introduce my best friend, Li Wei, to you _ 【标准范文】 My Father My father is a handsome man. He is tall and thin. He has big eyes and straight, black hair. He is forty years old but he looks young for his age.My father is an engineer in a big company. He is always busy working late every
10、 day and he often forgets to have meals or to go to bed. So in the company, he is called “workaholic”.My father likes reading in his spare time. And with the help of my father I became interested in reading, too. My father also likes to play basketball and he was on the school basketball team when h
11、e was young. But now he is too busy to play basketball.My rather is my idol and we get on well with each other. June 26th Dear Rita,How is everything going? Id like to introduce my best friend, Li Wei, to you. She is 16 years old. She is a lovely girl with a round face and big eyes. She is very kind and easy to get along with. She likes re
